Cell Parts Exam Study Guide

Transcription

1 Cell Parts Exam Study Guide Define these organelles: Cell wall- the definite boundary or wall of a plant cell that provides protection and structural support. Cell membrane- the outer layer that surrounds a cell, letting substances in or out acting like the skin for a cell. (all cells have a membrane) - The large, membrane-bounded organelle that contains the genetic material of a cell it is considered the control center Nuclear membrane/envelope- The double layered membrane enclosing the nucleus of a cell Nucleolus- The round structure inside the nucleus where ribosomes are made. Chromatin/DNA- Spaghetti-like strands of DNA in the nucleus that contain the code for cell function. - the clear, gel-like substance outside the nucleus of the cell of plants and animals. Ribosomes- These structures decode the RNA to build proteins for the cell. Endoplasmic reticulum (rough and smooth)- Organelle within the cytoplasm that has ribosomes attached (Rough ER) and is involved in protein creation. The Smooth ER is responsible for creation of fats and lipids. Golgi Body- Organelle that takes and packages products from the endoplasmic reticulum and either uses them in the cell or secretes them to the outside of the cell. Vacuole- These are storage units of cells that keep water, food and other substances for the cell (most common in all plant cells) Mitochondria- small organelles floating free throughout the cell that produce energy. Chloroplasts- Organelles that convert the sun's energy, carbon dioxide, and water to make sugar during photosynthesis Lysosomes- They break down, recycle, and destroy substances in animal cells.

2 Cell Wall Cell Membrane Vacuole Rough ER Nucleolus Smooth ER Nuclear Membrane Chloroplast Ribosomes Mitochondria Golgi Complex Cell membrane Centrosome Vesicle Rough ER Nucleolus Smooth ER Nuclear membrane Lysosome Ribosomes Mitochondria Golgi Body

3 Name 3 structures that plant and animal cells do not have in common 1. Chloroplast 2. Cell Wall 3. Lysosomes Name 4 Structures that Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells have in common 1. DNA 2. Cell Membrane Organelles Name the pictures Vacuole Chloroplast Cell Membrane Chrmoatian DNA Lysosome Mitochondria Endoplasmic Reticulium Cell Wall

4 Ribosomes Nucleous Golgi Body The next three questions are about factors affecting plant growth. For each question, write an appropriate hypothesis that could be tested with an experiment. Be sure each hypothesis is in the proper If, then, because format. 1. Question: What effect does the amount of light have on plant growth? Hypothesis: Manipulated Variable: Light Responding Variable:_Plant Growth If I expose a plant to more light, Then it will grow larger, Because of the process of photosynthesis. 2. Question: What effect does the amount of water have on plant growth? Hypothesis: Dependent Variable: Plant Growth Independent Variable: Water If I give a plant more water, Then the plant will grow faster, Because Water is need in chemical process of the cell. 3. Question: What effect does using plant food (Miracle Grow ) have on plant growth? Hypothesis: Independent Variable: Miracle Grow Dependent Variable: Plant Growth If I feed a plant Miracle Grow, Then It will grow faster, Because of nutrients in the formula. 1. A. Solar power plants, green house, farms B. mayor, coach, principal, boss C. air, gravity, ground D. Electrical energy power plant

5 2. delivery trucks, factory with packages, post office, packaging center A. Golgi Bodies B. ribosomes C. Cell wall D. lysosome 3. recycling company, trash trucks, Recycle bins A. B. ribosomes C. nucleus D. lysosome 4. construction workers, food workers, Factory workers, chefs A. Golgi Bodies B. nucleus C. ribosomes D. lysosome 5. nucleus A. Electrical energy power plant B. Solar power plants, green house, farms C. air, gravity, ground D. mayor, coach, principal, boss 6. mitochondria A. Electrical energy power plant B. mayor, coach, principal, boss C. Solar power plants, green house, farms D. air, gravity, ground 7. Wood pilings, grasses, Wall around city, moat around castle, wall around building A. B. Cell membrane C. Cell wall D. nucleus 8. Water tower, grocery store, warehouse, landfills, water towers A. Nuclear envelope B. lysosome C. Cell wall D. Large vacuole 9. Cell membrane A. recycling company, trash trucks, Recycle bins B. Bridges, OCPD, Guards, gates, toll booths, doors to a building C. air, gravity, ground D. Solar power plants, green house, farms 10. Solar power plants, green house, farms A. Chloroplasts B. ribosomes C. D. Cell wall

6 11. Nuclear envelope A. delivery trucks, factory with packages, post office, packaging center B. construction workers, food workers, Factory workers, chefs C. body guards for mayor, office of mayor, Security, doors to office, secretary D. Bridges, OCPD, Guards, gates, toll booths, doors to a building 12. Coastal Highway, trains, trucks, roads, planes, transportation, hallways A. B. Large vacuole C. Golgi Bodies D. Endoplasmic reticulum Recognize and label organelles in actual photos of cells Identify and label 3 structures What Type of cell is this and how can you tell? Cell Wall Plant, because it has a cell wall Identify and label 3 structures Cell Membrane What Type of cell is this and how can you tell? Animal, because it has no cell wall just a cell membrane Make three observations and inferences about this single-celled organisms 1. It is a prokaryotic cell 2. It uses its tail (flagellum) to move 3. It is a single cell organism 4. It is probably a bacteria 5. Its is not membrane bound 6. Its DNA is locked in cytoplasm 7. It does not have a cell wall, but a cell membrane