Pervaporation, Vapour Permeation and Membrane Distillation

Transcription

1 Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy: Number 77 Pervaporation, Vapour Permeation and Membrane Distillation Principles and Applications Edited by Angelo Basile, Alberto Figo/i and Mohamed Khayet ELSEVIER AMSTERDAM BOSTON CAMBRIDGE HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO Woodhead Publishing is an imprint of Elsevier WP WOODHEAD PUBLISHING L

2 Contents List of contributors Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy Preface xi xiii xvii Part One Pervaporation 1 1 Fundamentals of pervaporation 3 J.G. Crespo, C. Brazinha 1.1 Introduction Fundamentals of mass and heat transfer in pervaporation Process and technological matters in pervaporation Concluding remarks and future trends 14 References 15 Appendix: notation and abbreviations 17 2 Pervaporation membranes: preparation, characterization, and application 19 A. Figoli, S. Santoro, F. Galiano, A. Basile 2.1 Introduction Pervaporation (PV) membrane materials Characterization of pervaporation membranes Membrane module configurations for pervaporation Membranes for pervaporation applications Future trends and conclusions 53 References 54 Appendix: notation and abbreviations 61 3 Integrated systems involving pervaporation and applications 65 A.A. Babalou, N. Rafia, K. Ghasemzadeh 3.1 Introduction to integrated systems involving pervaporation Applications of integrated systems involving pervaporation Conclusions and future trends Sources of further information and advice 80 References 81 Appendix: abbreviations 85

3 vi Contents 4 Pervaporation modeling: state of the art and future trends 87 P. Luis, B. Van der Bruggen 4.1 Introduction Fundamentals of pervaporation modeling Applications to improve the efficiency of pervaporation Conclusions Future trends Sources of further information and advice 103 References 103 Appendix: notation Next-generation pervaporation membranes: recent trends, challenges and perspectives 107 P. Vandezande 5.1 Introduction Modified ceramic membranes Mixed matrix membranes Bio-inspired membranes and membrane synthesis approaches Supported liquid (SL) membranes Final remarks and future trends Sources of further information 131 References 131 Appendix: abbreviations 140 Part Two Vapour permeation Membranes for vapour permeation: preparation and characterization A. Wolihska-Grabczyk, A. Jankowski 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Polymer membranes Zeolite membranes Mixed matrix membranes Future directions 166 References Appendix: abbreviations Integrated systems involving membrane vapor permeation and applications V. Teplyakov, M. Shalygin 7.1 Introduction Integrated systems involving membrane vapor separation Applications of membrane vapor separation Conclusion and sources of further information and advice

4 Contents vii 7.5 Future trends in development of membrane vapor separation 197 References 198 Appendix: notation and abbreviations Vapour permeation modelling 203 M. Giacinti Baschetti, M.G. De Angelis 8.1 Introduction Fundamentals of vapour permeation modelling into dense polymeric membranes Diffusion modelling Solubility modelling Vapour permeation in mixed matrix membranes and heterogeneous systems Future trends Conclusions 237 References 237 Appendix: notation and abbreviations New generation vapour permeation membranes 247 B. Bolto, M. Hoang, S.R. Gray, Z Xie 9.1 Introduction Current limitations of vapour permeation (VP) Emerging VP membrane materials Emerging membrane module configurations Emerging applications for VP Conclusions and future trends Sources of further information 267 Acknowledgements 267 References 267 Appendix: notation and abbreviations 273 Part Three Membrane distillation Fundamentals of membrane distillation 277 M. Essalhi, M. Khayet 10.1 Introduction: nonisothermal membrane processes Key characteristics of membrane distillation Types of membranes and membrane module configurations for membrane distillation Membrane distillation theory Typical application of membrane distillation technology Conclusions Future trends and sources of further information and advice 309 Acknowledgments 311

5 viii Contents References 311 Appendix: abbreviations Membranes used in membrane distillation: preparation and characterization 317 L Garcfa-Ferndndez, M. Khayet, M.C. Garda-Payo 11.1 Introduction Materials for membrane distillation (MD) membranes Design and fabrication of MD membranes Characterization of MD membranes MD membrane modules and testing of MD membranes Conclusions and future trends Sources of further information and advice 349 Acknowledgments 349 References 350 Appendix: abbreviations Integrated systems involving membrane distillation and applications 361 B. Van der Bruggen, L Pinoy, K. De Sitter, L Eykens, C. Dotremont 12.1 Introduction Applications of membrane distillation in desalination Other applications of membrane distillation Integrated systems involving membrane distillation Conclusions and future trends Sources of further information 378 References 378 Appendix: abbreviations Modelling of pore wetting in membrane distillation compared with pervaporation 385 M.R. Qtaishat, T. Matsuura 13.1 Introduction Fundamentals of membrane distillation (MD) modelling and improvement Review of experimental works on MD membrane pore wetting Development of a theoretical model for pore wetting in vacuum MD Conclusions and future directions 409 References 410 Appendix: notation and abbreviations 412

6 Contents ix 14 Next generation membranes for membrane distillation and future prospects 415 LF. Dumie, S. Smart, M.C. Duke, S.R. Gray 14.1 Introduction Materials for membrane distillation Emerging module configurations for membrane distillation Conclusions and future trends 438 References 439 Appendix: notation and abbreviations 446 Index 449