WILDLIFE DISEASE MONITORING IN HUNGARY

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1 WILDLIFE DISEASE MONITORING IN HUNGARY Károly Erdélyi DVM, PhD Dip. ECZM (Wildlife Population Health) OIE - CIC Workshop December Pravets, Bulgaria

2 Wildlife health why bother? Healthy game Successful game management Wildlife - Domestic animal Human Health Wildlife health Ecosystem health

3 Wildlife Population Health Multi- & Interdisciplinary Pathology, microbiology, epidemiology, toxicology,... Population biology, behavioural ecology, parasite ecology,... Game management, game biology, conservation biology,... Open mindset Continuous change (pathogens, environment) Synthesis of methods & interpretation Scientifically sound test of reality

4 Diagnosis, monitoring and study of wildlife diseases in From 2011 Wildlife Disease Laboratory in Telki Departmen t of Wildlife Diseases - Central Veterinary Institute ( ) Departmen t of domestic mammal pathology (VDD CAO) Laboratory of Domestic Mammal, Wildlife and Poultry Diseases (VDD NFCSO)

5 From the 1990 s Aspects of Wildlife Disease Laboratory work Free testing High demand high number of samples Compulsory testing and evaluation of mortality events , National Wildlife Disease Survey MAVOSZ Paying service Lower demand lower number of samples Problem oriented Disease monitoring Global and local challenges

6 Scope of the laboratory (NFCSO VDD) Laboratory diagnosis of wildlife diseases pathology, microbiology, parasitology, serology Disease notification (National, EU, OIE) Practical advice, field consultation Expert opinion Research Monitoring - Eradication programmes Rabies (oral immunisation) Avian Influenza Classical Swine Fever African Swine Fever Early warning Epidemiological assessment West Nile Virus Tularaemia, Brucellosis, EBHS Echinococcus multilocularis

7 Practical Aspects of Wildlife Surveillance Cooperation Veterinary Service National Reference Laboratory (VDD) Game Management Authority Game Managers/Hunters Nature Conservation Authority National Parks - NGOs the Public Logistics Organised by the Veterinary Service Training and briefings prior to campaigns Sampling (shooting) quotas issued to hunters (GMUs) and/or stakeholders in Nature Conservation Sampling equipment and transport logistics provided Financial incentive also incorporated in the system Channels of communication

8 Tularaemia - experience & results Francisella tularensis Zoonosis biological weapon (BSL-3) Effect on European brown hare populations Pathology in European brown hares Pathology in hamsters and voles Subacute to chronic infection followed by disease generalisation Reservoir species Acute infection - septicaemia Amplifier species Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2012a Veterinary Pathology, 2010

9 Tularaemia - experience & results Ecology between epidemics Hares: 4,9-5,3% seropositive Small rodents: F. tul. negative Haemaphysalis concinna: 0,42% F. tul. Positive Diagnostic methods Typical pathological lesions Slide agglutination test: in vivo & post mortem! Genetics F. tularensis subsp. Palearctica Western / Eastern strains OIE reference laboratory VMRI Budapest Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2012

10 Roe deer fibropapillomatosis Neoplastic viral disease Delta papillomavirus Endemic in the Carpathian basin (from 1960 s) Growing incidence and expansion (e.g. Slovakia) Cooperation with hunters Questionnaire + samples (2006) 1201 GMUs: 539 replies Disease epidemiology and ecology Veterinary Microbiology, 2010

11 Roe deer fibropapillomatosis Cause new virus species Western roe deer papillomavirus - CcaPV1 Delta papillomavírus genus An ancient host switch event Ancestor: Red deer PV - CePV1 Phylogenetics CePV1 & CcaPV1 istribution Roe deer population genetics

12 Diagnostic Survey Monitoring Highlights Botulism EBHS Rabies RHD African Swine Fever Brucellosis & TB Fascioloides magna Raptor poisoning Toxoplasmosis Avian flu (H5N8) Pasteurellosis Classical Swine Fever Avian flu (H5N1) Avian pox Mycoplasma infections Sarcoptic mange

13 Thank you for your attention!