Human leukocyte antigen-drb1 polymorphism in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
|
|
- Osborn Norton
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 MOLECULAR AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 3: , 2015 Humn leukocyte ntigen-drb1 polymorphism in childhood cute lymphoblstic leukemi MERVAT M. EL ANSARY 1, LAMIAA A. MOHAMMED 2, TAMER H. HASSAN 3, AHMED BARAKA 2 nd ALSHYMAA A. AHMED 2 1 Deprtment of Clinicl Pthology, Fculty of Medicine, Ciro University, Ciro 11562; Deprtments of 2 Clinicl Pthology nd 3 Peditrics, Fculty of Medicine, Zgzig University, Zgzig 44111, Egypt Received October 9, 2014; Accepted November 6, 2014 DOI: /mco Abstrct. Similr to utoimmune diseses, there re cler ssocitions between resistnce or susceptibility to cncer nd the clssic humn leukocyte ntigen (HLA) profile of n individul. HLA ssocited susceptibility to childhood cute lymphoblstic leukemi (ALL) my provide clues to leukemogenesis in generl nd to the role of other risk fctors. The present study imed to determine the ssocition between the HLA DRB1 genotype nd susceptibility to ALL in children nd to ssess the prognostic vlue of HLA DRB1 lleles in these ptients. This study included 50 ALL ptients who were consecutively dmitted to the Peditric Oncology Unit of Zgzig University Hospitl nd 50 gender mtched helthy volunteers s control group. The ptients were subjected to full clinicl history, thorough clinicl exmintion nd routine lbortory investigtions. Moleculr HLA DRB1 typing for ptients nd controls using the reverse sequence specific oligonucleotide probe technique ws performed. HLA DRB1*04 llele frequency ws significntly higher in femle ptients compred to tht in femle controls (P=0.03) nd in ptients ged <10 yers compred to those ged 10 yers t the time of dignosis (P=0.01). HLA DRB1*11 llele frequency ws significntly higher in high risk compred to stndrd risk ptients (P=0.01) nd in refrctory ptients compred to those who chieved remission (P=0.02). In conclusion, the HLA DRB1*04 llele ppers to be femle specific susceptibility fctor for the cquisition of childhood ALL nd it my ffect the ge of onset of ALL. In ddition, the HLA DRB1*11 llele my be of prognostic significnce in childhood ALL. However, further lrger studies re required to support the conclusions drwn from this study. Correspondence to: Dr Tmer H. Hssn, Deprtment of Peditrics, Zgzig University, Zgzig University Street, Zgzig 44111, Egypt E mil: dr.tmerhssn@yhoo.com Key words: humn leukocyte ntigen DRB1, cute lymphoblstic leukemi, polymorphism, childhood Introduction Acute lymphoblstic leukemi (ALL) is the most common mlignncy dignosed in children, representing one qurter of ll peditric cncers worldwide (1). Over 40 yers since the first ssocitions between prticulr humn leukocyte ntigen (HLA) profiles nd disese susceptibility were described, the identifiction of lrge numbers of HLA ssocited diseses prllels our improved understnding of the genetic complexity of the HLA system nd its extensive polymorphism. These ssocitions involve mlignnt s well s utoimmune diseses, including the well known ssocition between HLA B27 nd nkylosing spondylitis. Over time, severl hundred diseses hve been reported to occur more frequently in individuls with prticulr HLA genotypes (2). These diseses include brod spectrum of immune medited diseses involving ll mjor orgn systems, certin mlignncies, infectious diseses nd, more recently, dverse rections to prticulr drugs (2). One of the fctors tht my determine whether child develops ALL is how it responds to the cndidte infection. Since immune responses to infection re under the prtil control of HLA genes, n ssocition between n HLA llele nd ALL my provide support for n infectious etiology (3). The biologicl significnce of the ssocition between HLA types nd cute leukemi is emphsized by the fct tht HLA my be involved in disese susceptibility or resistnce. It is importnt to investigte the HLA ssocited susceptibility to childhood ALL, s this my provide clues to leukemogenesis in generl nd to the role of other risk fctors (4). The present study imed to determine the ssocition between the HLA DRB1 genotype nd the susceptibility to ALL in children nd to evlute the prognostic vlue of HLA DRB1 lleles in these ptients. Ptients nd methods Ptients. This study ws performed on 50 ALL ptients who were consecutively dmitted to the Peditric Oncology Unit of Zgzig University Hospitl nd 50 gender mtched helthy volunteers s control group. The ptients were subjected to: i) full clinicl history nd thorough clinicl exmintion; nd ii) routine lbortory
2 426 EL ANSARY et l: HLA DRB1 IN CHILDHOOD ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA investigtions, including complete blood count, exmintion of Leishmn stined peripherl blood smer, bone mrrow spirtion with exmintion of Leishmn nd peroxidse stined films nd immunophenotyping by flow cytometry. Moleculr HLA DRB1 typing nd risk clssifiction. The ptients nd controls were subjected to moleculr HLA-DRB1 typing nd the ptients lso underwent risk clssifiction. HLA typing. EDTA nticogulted whole blood smples were collected from ptients nd controls nd processed s follows: i) DNA extrction using the spin column technique (QIAmp DNA Blood Mini kits; Qigen, Hilden, Germny) ws performed ccording to the mnufcturer's guidelines; ii) polymerse chin rection (PCR) mplifiction of the HLA DRB1 gene (exon 2) trget (INNO LiPA HLA DRB1 Amplifiction Plus kit; Fujirebio Europe, Ghent, Belgium) ws performed nd the mplicons were chemiclly dentured to form single strnded DNA. Reverse dot blotting ws performed on nylon membrne (INNO LiPA HLA DRB1 Plus strips, Fujirebio Europe), which contins n rry of immobilized, sequence specific oligonucleotide (SSO) probes. The biotin lbeled mplicons were then bound (hybridized) to these SSO probes, which contin complementry trget sequence nd, thus, were cptured onto the membrne strip; iii) visuliztion of the results ws chieved by incubting with n enzyme conjugte (streptvidin nd lkline phosphtse), which binds to the biotin of the PCR product, followed by the ddition of substrte. The bnds with the cptured PCR product turned blue. Interprettion ws chieved by entering the bnd pttern into computer progrm. Risk clssifiction. The ptients were divided into stndrd nd high risk groups ccording to the Children's Cncer Group (CCG) risk strtifiction (5). Stndrd risk ptients were defined s follows: ge 1 9 yers; initil totl leukocyte count <50,000/mm 3 ; precursor B ALL immunophenotype; nd no centrl nervous system (CNS) mnifesttions or testiculr infiltrtion. High risk ptients exhibited ny of the following t dignosis: ge 10 yers; initil totl leukocyte count 50,000/mm 3 ; T ALL immunophenotype; CNS mnifesttions; nd overt testiculr leukemi. Children with mture B ALL were considered to be mong the high risk ptients nd were treted seprtely using the LMB 96 protocol, which is n interntionl protocol conducted by three coopertive groups (Interntionl Society for Peditric Oncology, CCG nd United Kingdom Children's Cncer Study Group) nd (6). Sttisticl nlysis. The dt were checked, entered nd nlyzed using Epi Info 6 sttisticl softwre (Centers for Disese Control nd Prevention, Atlnt, GA, USA). The results re expressed s men ± stndrd devition for quntittive vribles nd s number nd percentge for qulittive vribles. The differences in the frequencies of HLA DRB1 lleles mong the investigted groups were nlyzed using the Chi squre test with Ytes' correction nd the two tiled Fisher's exct test for results 5. Ech llele frequency in the ptients ws compred ginst the sme llele in controls. The odds rtios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervls were clculted. P 0.05 ws considered to indicte sttisticlly significnt differences. Tble I. HLA-DRB1 llele frequencies in ptients nd controls. HLA- Ptient Control lleles (n=50) (n=50) OR (95% CI) P-vlue *01 2 (4.0) 5 (10.0) 0.38 ( ) 0.43 *03 10 (20.0) 10 (20.0) 1 ( ) 0.80 *04 21 (42.0) 12 (24.0) 2.29 ( ) 0.13 *07 13 (26.0) 7 (14.0) 2.16 ( ) 0.21 *08 2 (4.0) 3 (6.0) 0.65 ( ) 0.99 *09 0 (0.0) 3 (6.0) 0 ( ) 0.24 *10 4 (8.0) 4 (8.0) 1 ( ) 1.00 *11 15 (30.0) 14 (28.0) 1.1 ( ) 1.00 *12 0 (0.0) 3 (6.0) 0 ( ) 0.24 *13 14 (28.0) 19 (38.0) 0.63 ( ) 0.39 *14 3 (6.0) 4 ( 8.0) 0.73 ( ) 0.99 *15 6 (12.0) 9 (18.0) 0.62 ( ) 0.57 *16 2 (4.0) 2 (4.0) 1 ( ) 1.00 A totl of 8 ptients nd 5 controls were homozygous. HLA, humn leukocyte ntigen; OR, odds rtio; CI, confidence intervl. Ethics. This study ws conducted in ccordnce with the ethicl stndrds of the Helsinki Declrtion of 1964, s revised in 2000 (7) nd ws pproved by the Institutionl Review Bord of the Fculty of Medicine, Zgzig University. Informed consent ws obtined from ll the study prticipnts. Results Ptient chrcteristics. The men ge of the ptients t dignosis ws 4.9±3.3 yers (rnge, 2 13 yers). The ptients included 32 mles nd 18 femles, with mle:femle rtio of 1.8:1. The most frequent clinicl mnifesttion ws pllor (88%), followed by fever (74%), heptosplenomegly (72%), lymphdenopthy (54%), purpur (40%) nd bone pin (30%). CNS ws involved in only 4% of the ptients. A totl of 72% of the ptients hd totl leukocyte count <50,000/mm 3 nd 28% hd totl leukocyte count 50,000/mm 3. A totl of 88% of the ptients hd precursor B ALL, 10% hd T ALL nd 2% hd mture B ALL. Allele frequency determintion. HLA DRB1*04, *11, *13, *07 nd *03 were the most frequent lleles in the ptients (42, 30, 28, 26 nd 20%, respectively). HLA DRB1*09 nd HLA DRB1*12 lleles were not detected in ny ptients. HLA DRB1*13, *11, *04, *03 nd *15 were the most frequent lleles in the controls (38, 28, 24, 20 nd 18%, respectively). There ws no significnt difference between ptients nd controls s regrds the frequencies of different HLA DRB1 lleles (P>0.05) (Tble I). A totl of 8 ptients were homozygous for HLA DRB1, nmely 6 mles (homozygous HLA DRB1*03, *04, *04, *07, *13 nd *14) nd 2 femles (homozygous HLA DRB1*11 nd *13); in ddition, 5 controls were homozygous for HLA DRB1, nmely 2 mles (HLA DRB1*04 nd *11) nd 3 femles (HLA DRB1*03, *04 nd *04).
3 MOLECULAR AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 3: , Tble II. HLA DRB1 llele frequencies in femle ptients nd femle controls. Femle Femle HLA ptients, controls, lleles (n=18) (n=18) OR (95% CI) P-vlue *01 0 (0.0) 1 (5.6) *03 2 (11.1) 3 (16.7) 0.63 ( ) 0.99 *04 10 (55.6) 3 (16.7) 6.25 ( ) 0.03 *07 6 (33.3) 3 (16.7) 2.5 ( ) 0.44 *08 1 (5.6) 1 (5.6) 1 ( ) 1.00 *09 0 (0.0) 1 (5.6) *10 0 (0.0) 1 (5.6) *11 6 (33.3) 4 (22.2) 1.75 ( ) 0.70 *12 0 (0.0) 2 (11.1) *13 5 (27.8) 7 (38.9) 0.6 ( ) 0.71 *14 0 (0.0) 2 (11.1) *15 3 (16.7) 4 (22.2) 0.7 ( ) 0.99 *16 1 (5.6) 1 (5.6) 1 ( ) 1.00 Sttisticlly significnt. HLA, humn leukocyte ntigen; OR, odds rtio; CI, confidence intervl. Tble III. HLA DRB1 llele frequencies in reltion to ptient ge t dignosis. Ptient ge HLA <10 yrs, 10 yrs, lleles (n=42) (n=8) OR (95% CI) P-vlue *01 2 (4.8) 0 (0.0) *03 6 (14.3) 4 (50) 0.16 ( ) 0.04 *04 21 (50.0) 0 (0.0) *07 10 (23.8) 3 (37.5) 0.52 ( ) 0.66 *08 1 (2.3) 1 (12.5) 0.17 (0 3.05) 1.00 *10 4 (9.5) 0 (0.0) *11 12 (28.6) 3 (37.5) 0.66 ( ) 0.68 *13 12 (28.6) 2 (25) 1.2 ( ) 1.00 *14 3 (7.1) 0 (0.0) *15 5 (11.9) 1 (12.5) 0.94 ( ) 0.65 *16 1 (2.3) 1 (12.5) 0.17 (0 3.05) 1.00 Sttisticlly significnt. HLA, humn leukocyte ntigen; OR, odds rtio; CI, confidence intervl. Tble IV. HLA DRB1 llele frequencies in reltion to risk. There ws no significnt difference between mle ptients nd mle controls s regrds the frequencies of different HLA DRB1 lleles (P>0.05). However, the HLA DRB1*04 llele frequency ws significntly higher mong femle ptients compred to tht mong femle controls (55.6 vs. 16.7%, respectively; P=0.03) (Tble II). Bsed on the CCG risk clssifiction, the ALL ptients were divided regrding their ge t dignosis into two groups, nmely those ged <10 nd those ged 10 yers. The HLA DBR1*04 llele frequency ws significntly higher mong ptients ged <10 yers compred to those ged 10 yers t dignosis (50.0 vs. 0.0%; P=0.01) (Tble III). There ws no significnt difference mong ptients with different immunophenotypes s regrds the frequencies of different HLA DRB1 lleles (P>0.05). The HLA DRB1*11 llele frequency ws significntly higher in high risk compred to stndrd risk ptients (50.0 vs. 14.3%; P=0.01) (Tble IV). Of the 50 included ptients, 10 were referred to other hospitls prior to tretment initition nd 10 succumbed to the disese; 1 ptient with mture B ALL succumbed to cute renl filure prior to tretment initition, 7 ptients died during tretment due to chemotherpy relted toxicity nd infections nd 2 ptients died following disese relpse. Following exclusion of the 10 referred ptients nd the 1 ptient who died prior to tretment initition, the remining 39 ptients were divided into the remission (n=34) nd refrctory (n=5) groups. The HLA DR1*11 llele frequency ws significntly higher mong refrctory ptients compred to those who chieved remission (80.0 vs. 23.5%; P=0.02) (Tble V). Following exclusion of the 10 referred ptients nd the 8 ptients who died during the study due to cuses other Risk HLA Stndrd, High, lleles (n=28) (n=22) OR (95% CI) P-vlue *01 1 (3.6) 1 (4.5) 0.78 ( ) 1.00 *03 5 (17.9) 5 (22.7) 0.74 ( ) 0.73 *04 13 (46.4) 8 (36.4) 1.52 ( ) 0.67 *07 7 (25.0) 6 (27.3) 0.89 ( ) 0.88 *08 1 (3.6) 1 (4.5) 0.78 ( ) 1.00 *10 3 (10.7) 1 (4.5) 2.52 ( ) 0.62 *11 4 (14.3) 11 (50.0) 0.17 ( ) 0.01 *13 10 (35.7) 4 (18.2) 2.5 ( ) 0.29 *14 3 (10.7) 0 (0.0) *15 3 (10.7) 3 (13.6) 0.76 ( ) 1.00 *16 1 (3.6) 1 (4.5) 0.78 ( ) 1.00 Sttisticlly significnt. HLA, humn leukocyte ntigen; OR, odds rtio; CI, confidence intervl. thn relpse, the remining 32 ptients were divided into the relpsed (n=4) nd non relpsed groups (n=28). There ws no significnt difference between the two groups s regrds the frequencies of different HLA DRB1 lleles (P>0.05). Following exclusion of the 10 referred ptients, the remining 40 ptients were divided into the survivors (n=30) nd those who succumbed to the disese (n=10). There ws no significnt difference between the two groups s regrds the frequencies of different HLA DRB1 lleles (P>0.05).
4 428 EL ANSARY et l: HLA DRB1 IN CHILDHOOD ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA Tble V. HLA DRB1 llele frequencies in reltion to induction of remission. Remission Refrctory HLA- group, group, lleles (n=34) (n=5) OR (95% CI) P-vlue *01 1 (2.9) 1 (20.0) 0.12 ( ) 0.24 *03 6 (17.6) 2 (40.0) 0.32 (00 2.3) 0.56 *04 15 (44.1) 0 (0.0) *07 9 (26.4) 1 (20.0) 1.4 ( ) 1.00 *08 1 (2.9) 0 (0.0) *10 3 (8.8) 1 (20.0) 0.38 ( ) 0.99 *11 8 (23.5) 4 (80.0) 0.07 ( ) 0.02 *13 10 (29.4) 1 (20.0) 1.6 ( ) 1.00 *14 2 (5.8) 0 (0.0) *15 6 (17.6) 0 (0.0) Sttisticlly significnt. HLA, humn leukocyte ntigen; OR, odds rtio; CI, confidence intervl. Discussion Genetic nd environmentl fctors ply n interctive role in the development of childhood ALL. Since the demonstrtion of mjor histocomptibility complex effect on mouse leukemi in 1964, n HLA ssocition hs been considered s possible genetic risk fctor (8). In the present study, there ws no significnt difference between ptients nd controls s regrds the frequencies of different HLA DRB1 lleles (P>0.05). In ddition, there ws no significnt difference between mle ptients nd mle controls s regrds the frequencies of different HLA DRB1 lleles (P>0.05). However, the HLA DRB1*04 llele frequency ws significntly higher mong femle ptients compred to femle controls (55.6 vs. 16.7%; P=0.03), indicting tht HLA DRB1*4 is femle specific susceptibility llele for childhood ALL. The puttive role of the HLA clss II DR ntigen in ALL risk ws first suggested in the lte 1970s by de Moerloose et l (9), who demonstrted n ssocition with DR7. Additionl evidence specificlly regrding childhood ALL ws vilble shortly fter the studies conducted by von Fliedner et l, one of which confirmed the DR7 ssocition (10), wheres the other reveled higher shring of DR ntigens mong prents of children with leukemi thn expected (11). By contrst, Dork et l (8) reported tht the frequency of the HLA DRB1*04 llele ws higher (P=0.0005, OR=2.9), wheres the frequency of the HLA DRB1*13 llele ws lower in mle ptients. In 2002, study tht ws performed on n Indin popultion demonstrted tht the HLA DRB1*04 nd HLA DRB1*13 lleles re susceptible nd protective lleles, respectively, in ALL ptients (12). In their study on 106 Irnin ptients with ALL, Yri et l (13) concluded tht HLA DRB1*13, which exhibited decrese mong the ptients, ppered to be protective ginst ALL, wheres HLA DRB1*04, which ws modertely incresed mong the ptients, ws considered susceptibility llele for childhood ALL. A significnt increse in the frequency of the HLA DRB1*04 llele in the overll nd mle ALL ptients ws reported in Turkish study (4). In ddition, significntly lower frequency of the HLA DRB1*13 llele ws observed mong femle ptients compred to femle controls (4). The ssocition between HLA clss II lleles nd ALL ws investigted in 20 Irnin ptients with leukemi (14). The results reveled significnt increse in the frequency of the HLA DRB1*04 llele in ALL ptients compred to tht in controls. DRB1*15, risk llele for multiple sclerosis, hs lso been implicted in the susceptibility to childhood ALL. At lest two studies hve reported such n ssocition; one ws conducted in Chinese popultion comprising 162 childhood ALL cses nd 1,000 controls (15), wheres the other ws conducted in UK popultion, investigted the effects by gender nd observed n ssocition only in femles, which is consistent with femle specific effect of the llele DRB1*15:01, lso observed in multiple sclerosis (16). The discrepncy between the results of different studies, including our results, my be ttributed to the differences in popultion rce nd geogrphicl distribution. Studies investigting the pthogenic effects of gene should include fctors such s the differences in the frequency distributions of the gene between the ptient nd the control groups (the stronger the effect of gene, the more significnt the differences in frequency distribution) nd erly or lte ge t disese onset in gene crriers (the stronger the effects, the erlier the onset) (17). In our study, the HLA DBR1*04 llele frequency ws significntly higher in ptients ged <10 yers compred to those ged 10 yers t the time of dignosis (50.0 vs. 0.0%; P=0.01). From these results, it ws suggested tht the HLA DRB1 llele my ffect the ge t onset in ALL. To the best of our knowledge, there re no studies in the literture ssociting the HLA DRB1 llele frequencies with the ge t onset in ALL. However, this llele hs been investigted in reltion to other cncers in dults (17,18). The men ge of ptients with colorectl cncer who crry the HLA DQB1*02 llele ws found to be lower compred to tht of subjects without the llele (P<0.05), suggesting tht this llele is ssocited with colorectl cncer susceptibility (17). In nother study, the frequency of HLA lleles in 50 chronic myeloid leukemi ptients in reltion to ge t onset ws investigted; the uthors concluded tht the frequency of the HLA DRB1*07 (P=0.03) nd DQA1*0201 (P=0.03) lleles ws higher mong ptients ged <35 yers (18). Our results demonstrted tht the HLA DRB1*11 llele frequency ws significntly higher mong high risk compred to stndrd risk ptients (50.0 vs. 14.3%; P=0.01) nd in refrctory ptients compred to those who chieved remission (80.0 vs. 23.5%; P=0.02). These results indicted tht the HLA DRB1*11 llele my be predictor for prognosis nd tretment outcome in children with ALL. However, there ws no significnt difference between the relpsed nd non relpsed groups nd between survivors nd those who succumbed to the disese s regrds the frequencies of different HLA DRB1 lleles (P>0.05).
5 MOLECULAR AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 3: , The significnce of the HLA lleles s prognostic indictors in childhood leukemi hs been investigted in limited number of studies. Csper et l (19) reported n incresed incidence of relpse ssocited with HLA DR5, with higher rte of disese free remission ssocited with DR7; however, Tkeuchi et l (20) nd Luten et l (21) did not identify n ssocition with outcome in childhood leukemi. In conclusion, the HLA DRB1*04 llele ppers to be femle specific susceptibility fctor for the development of childhood ALL nd it my ffect the ge t onset for ALL. In ddition, the HLA DRB1*11 llele my be of prognostic vlue in childhood ALL. However, further lrger studies re required to support our findings. References 1. Riber JM nd Oriol A: Acute lymphoblstic leukemi in dolescents nd young dults. Hemtol Oncol Clin North Am 23: , Howell WM: HLA nd disese: guilt by ssocition. Int J Immunogenet 41: 1 12, Derden SP, Tylor GM, Gokhle DA, et l: Moleculr nlysis of HLA DQB1 lleles in childhood common cute lymphoblstic leukemi. Br J Cncer 73: , Ozdilli K, Oguz FS, Ank S, Kekik C, Crin M nd Gedikoglu G: The frequency of HLA clss I nd II lleles in Turkish childhood cute leukemi ptients. J Int Med Res 38: , Pui CH, Crroll WL, Meshinchi S nd Arceci RJ: Biology, risk strtifiction, nd therpy of peditric cute leukemis: n updte. J Clin Oncol 29: , Ciro MS, Gerrrd M nd Ptte C: A new protocol for tretment of mture B cell lymphom/leukemi (BCLL): FAB LMB 96, SFOP LMB 96/CCG 5961/UKCCSG NHL 9600 interntionl coopertive study. Med Peditr Oncol 29: 357A, Christie B: Doctors revise declrtion of Helsinki. BMJ 321: 913, Dork MT, Lwson T, Mchull HK, Drke C, Mills KI nd Burnett AK: Unrvelling n HLA DR ssocition in childhood cute lymphoblstic leukemi. Blood 94: , de Moerloose P, Chrdonnens X, Vsslli P nd Jennet M: HL A D ntigens from B lymphocytes nd susceptibility to certin diseses. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 107: 1461, 1977 (In French). 10. von Fliedner VE, Sultn Khn Z nd Jennet M: HLA DRw ntigens ssocited with cute leukemi. Tissue Antigens 16: , von Fliedner VE, Meric H, Jennet M, et l: Evidence for HLA linked susceptibility fctors in childhood leukemi. Hum Immunol 8: , Jini R, Kur G nd Mehr NK: Heterogeneity of HLA DRB1*04 nd its ssocited hplotypes in the North Indin popultion. Hum Immunol 63: 24 29, Yri F, Sobhni M, Sbghi F, Zmn Vziri M, Bgheri N nd Tlebin A: Frequencies of HLA DRB1 in Irnin norml popultion nd in ptients with cute lymphoblstic leukemi. Arch Med Res 39: , Atsh beik SM, Akbri MT, Syd A, et l: The ssocition of HLA DRB1 gene polymorphisms with cute lymphoblstic leukemi (ALL) in Irnin ptients. J Biol Tody's World 2: , Wng XJ, Ai XF, Sun HY, et l: Reltion of HLA DRB1*15 with pthogensis in 162 childhood cses of cute lymphoblstic leukemi. Chin Assoc Pthophysiol 17: , 2009 (In Chinese). 16. Morrison BA, Ucisik Akky E, Flores H, Alez C, Gorodezky C nd Dork MT: Multiple sclerosis risk mrkers in HLA DRA, HLA C, nd IFNG genes re ssocited with sex specific childhood leukemi risk. Autoimmunity 43: , Tong F, Yu W nd Liu H: Efficient ssocition nlysis between colorectl cncer nd llelic polymorphisms of HLA DQB1 by comprison of ge of onset. Oncol Lett 3: , Amirzrgr AA, Khosrvi F, Dint SS, et l: Assocition of HLA clss II llele nd hplotype frequencies with chronic myelogenous leukemi nd ge t onset of the disese. Pthol Oncol Res 13: 47 51, Csper JT, Mrrri M, Piskowski V, Luer SJ nd Duquesnoy RJ: Assocition between HLA D region ntigens nd disese free survivl in childhood non T, non B cute lymphocytic leukemi. Blood 60: , Tkeuchi S, Tkeuchi N, Tsukski K, et l: Genetic polymorphisms in the tumor necrosis fctor locus in childhood cute lymphoblstic leukemi. Br J Hemtol 119: , Luten M, Mtthis T, Stnull M, Beger C, Welte K nd Schrppe M: Assocition of initil response to prednisone tretment in childhood cute lymphoblstic leukemi nd polymorphisms within the tumor necrosis fctor nd interleukin 10 genes. Leukemi 16: , 2002.
PNEUMOVAX 23 is recommended by the CDC for all your appropriate adult patients at increased risk for pneumococcal disease 1,2 :
PNEUMOVAX 23 is recommended y the CDC for ll your pproprite dult ptients t incresed risk for pneumococcl disese 1,2 : Adults ged
More informationInvasive Pneumococcal Disease Quarterly Report. July September 2017
Invsive Pneumococcl Disese Qurterly Report July September 2017 Prepred s prt of Ministry of Helth contrct for scientific services by Rebekh Roos Helen Heffernn October 2017 Acknowledgements This report
More informationR Martino 1, P Romero 1, M Subirá 1, M Bellido 1, A Altés 1, A Sureda 1, S Brunet 1, I Badell 2, J Cubells 2 and J Sierra 1
Bone Mrrow Trnsplnttion, (1999) 24, 283 287 1999 Stockton Press All rights reserved 0268 3369/99 $12.00 http://www.stockton-press.co.uk/bmt Comprison of the clssic Glucksberg criteri nd the IBMTR Severity
More informationClinical Study Report Synopsis Drug Substance Naloxegol Study Code D3820C00018 Edition Number 1 Date 01 February 2013 EudraCT Number
EudrCT Number 2012-001531-31 A Phse I, Rndomised, Open-lbel, 3-wy Cross-over Study in Helthy Volunteers to Demonstrte the Bioequivlence of the Nloxegol 25 mg Commercil nd Phse III Formultions nd to Assess
More informationEfficacy of Pembrolizumab in Patients With Advanced Melanoma With Stable Brain Metastases at Baseline: A Pooled Retrospective Analysis
Efficcy of Pembrolizumb in Ptients With Advnced Melnom With Stble Brin Metstses t Bseline: A Pooled Retrospective Anlysis Abstrct 1248PD Hmid O, Ribs A, Dud A, Butler MO, Crlino MS, Hwu WJ, Long GV, Ancell
More informationRheumatoid-susceptible alleles of HLA-DRB 1 are genetically recessive to non-susceptible alleles in the progression of bone destruction in the wrists
Annls of the Rheumtic Diseses 1994; 53: 587-592 587 Deprtment of Orthopedic Surgery, Knsi Medicl University, Otokoym Hospitl, Kyoto, Jpn Y Tod Y Mori Deprtment of Orthopedic Surgery, Knsi Medicl University,
More informationSupplementary Online Content
Supplementry Online Content Zulmn DM, Pl Chee C, Ezeji-Okoye SC, et l. Effect of n intensive outptient progrm to ugment primry cre for high-need Veterns Affirs ptients: rndomized clinicl tril. JAMA Intern
More informationBody mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and metabolic syndrome as predictors of middle-aged men's health
Originl Article - Sexul Dysfunction/Infertility pissn 2005-6737 eissn 2005-6745 Body mss index, wist-to-hip rtio, nd metbolic syndrome s predictors of middle-ged men's helth Jung Hyun Prk *, In-Chng Cho
More informationCheckMate 153: Randomized Results of Continuous vs 1-Year Fixed-Duration Nivolumab in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
CheckMte 53: Rndomized Results of Continuous vs -Yer Fixed-Durtion Nivolumb in Ptients With Advnced Non-Smll Cell Lung Cncer Abstrct 297O Spigel DR, McCleod M, Hussein MA, Wterhouse DM, Einhorn L, Horn
More informationGenetic polymorphisms in the TERT-CLPTM1L region and lung cancer susceptibility in Chinese males
1588 Genetic polymorphisms in the TERT-CLPTM1L region nd lung cncer susceptibility in Chinese mles XUYANG XIAO 1 nd WUBIN HE 2 1 Deprtment of Thorcic Surgery nd 2 Biologicl Therpy Center Lbortory, The
More informationA review of the patterns of docetaxel use for hormone-resistant prostate cancer at the Princess Margaret Hospital
MEDICAL ONCOLOGY A review of the ptterns of docetxel use for hormone-resistnt prostte cncer t the Princess Mrgret Hospitl S.N. Chin MD,* L. Wng MSc, M. Moore MD,* nd S.S. Sridhr MD MSc* ABSTRACT Bckground
More informationThe Acute Time Course of Concurrent Activation Potentiation
Mrquette University e-publictions@mrquette Exercise Science Fculty Reserch nd Publictions Exercise Science, Deprtment of 1-1-2010 The Acute Time Course of Concurrent Activtion Potentition Luke Grceu Mrquette
More informationPrognostic significance of pretreatment serum levels of albumin, LDH and total bilirubin in patients with nonmetastatic
Crcinogenesis, 2015, Vol. 36, No. 2, 243 248 doi:10.1093/crcin/bgu247 Advnce Access publiction December 18, 2014 Originl Mnuscript originl mnuscript Prognostic significnce of pretretment serum levels of
More informationImpact of Positive Nodal Metastases in Patients with Thymic Carcinoma and Thymic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Originl Article Impct of Positive Nodl Metstses in Ptients with Thymic Crcinom nd Thymic Neuroendocrine Tumors Benny Weksler, MD, Anthony Holden, MD, nd Jennifer L. Sullivn, MD Introduction: Thymic crcinoms
More informationAssociation between LAPTM4B gene polymorphism and susceptibility to and prognosis of diffuse large B cell lymphoma
264 Assocition between LAPTM4B gene polymorphism nd susceptibility to nd prognosis of diffuse lrge B cell lymphom HUIRONG DING 1*, XIAOJING CHENG 2*, NING DING 3*, ZHIHUA TIAN 1, JUN ZHU 3, CHUNLIAN ZHOU
More informationSupplementary Online Content
Supplementry Online Content Rieckmnn N, Kronish IM, Shpiro PA, Whng W, Dvidson KW. Serotonin reuptke inhibitor use, depression, nd long-term outcomes fter n cute coronry : prospective cohort study. JAMA
More informationTreatment of leukemia with partially matched related bone marrow transplantation
Bone Mrrow Trnsplnttion, (1997) 19, 421 427 1997 Stockton Press All rights reserved 268 3369/97 $12. Tretment of leukemi with prtilly mtched relted bone mrrow trnsplnttion RK Munn 1, PJ Henslee-Downey
More informationOriginal Article. T Akter 1, N Islam 2, MA Hoque 3, S Khanam 4, HA khan 5, BK Saha 6. Abstract:
Fridpur Med. Coll. J. 214;9(2):61-67 Originl Article Nebuliztion by Isotonic Mgnesium Sulphte Solution with Provide Erly nd Better Response s Compred to Conventionl Approch ( Plus Norml Sline) in Acute
More informationEffects of physical exercise on working memory and prefrontal cortex function in post-stroke patients
Effects of physicl exercise on working memory nd prefrontl cortex function in post-stroke ptients M Moriy, C Aoki, K Sktni Grdute School of Helth Sciences Reserch, Mjor of Physicl Therpy, TeikyoHeisei
More informationMuhammad Shoaib, Muhammad Usman, Rabia Fatima, Sajid Aziz, Muhammad Wasif Malik, Muhammad Javaid Asad and Sikandar Khan Sherwani
Americn-Eursin Journl of Toxicologicl Sciences 7 (4): 214-219, 2015 ISSN 2079-2050 IDOSI Publictions, 2015 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.ejts.2015.7.4.9447 Reltionship Among Alnine Amino-Trnsferse (ALT), Prtil Thromboplstin
More informationOpioid Use and Survival at the End of Life: A Survey of a Hospice Population
532 Journl of Pin nd Symptom Mngement Vol. 32 No. 6 December 2006 NHPCO Originl Article Opioid Use nd Survivl t the End of Life: A Survey of Hospice Popultion Russell K. Portenoy, MD, Un Sibircev, BA,
More informationA cross-sectional and follow-up study of leukopenia in tuberculosis patients: prevalence, risk factors and impact of anti-tuberculosis
Originl Article A cross-sectionl nd follow-up study of leukopeni in tuberculosis ptients: prevlence, risk fctors nd impct of nti-tuberculosis tretment Fei-Shen Lin 1 *, Mei-Ying Wu 2 *, Wen-Jun Tu 3, Hong-Qiu
More informationComparison of three simple methods for the
J. clin. Pth. (1967), 2, 5 Comprison of three simple methods for the ssessment of 'free' thyroid hormone T. M. D. GIMLETTE1 From the Rdio-Isotope Lbortory, St. Thoms's Hospitl, London SYNOPSIS A dilysis
More informationThe Effects of Small Sized Rice Bowl on Carbohydrate Intake and Dietary Patterns in Women with Type 2 Diabetes
Originl Article doi: 10.4093/kdj.2010.34.3.166 pissn 1976-9180 eissn 2093-2650 The Effects of Smll Sized Rice Bowl on Crbohydrte Intke nd Dietry Ptterns in Women with Type 2 Dibetes Hee-Jung Ahn 1, *,
More informationFat intake in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes: a 4-year follow-up study in general practice
Originl ppers Ft intke in ptients newly dignosed with type 2 dibetes: 4-yer follow-up study in generl prctice Floris A vn de Lr, Eloy H vn de Lisdonk, Peter L B J Lucssen, J M H Tigchelr, Sski Meyboom,
More informationAssessment of Depression in Multiple Sclerosis. Validity of Including Somatic Items on the Beck Depression Inventory II
Assessment of Depression in Multiple Sclerosis Vlidity of Including Somtic Items on the Beck Depression Inventory II Peggy Crwford, PhD; Noh J. Webster, MA Signs nd symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS)
More informationClassic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Tall Cell Features and Tall Cell Variant Have Similar Clinicopathologic Features
The Koren Journl of Pthology 2014; 48: 201-208 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Clssic Ppillry Thyroid Crcinom with Tll Cell Fetures nd Tll Cell Vrint Hve Similr Clinicopthologic Fetures Woo Jin Oh 1 Young Sub Lee 1 Uiju
More informationA118G Polymorphism in l-opioid Receptor Gene and Interactions with Smoking and Drinking on Risk of Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Journl of Clinicl Lbortory Anlysis 31: e22018 (2017) A118G Polymorphism in l-opioid Receptor Gene nd Interctions with Smoking nd Drinking on Risk of Oesophgel Squmous Cell Crcinom Xinfng Xu,* Boneng Mo,
More informationXII. HIV/AIDS. Knowledge about HIV Transmission and Misconceptions about HIV
XII. HIV/AIDS Knowledge bout HIV Trnsmission nd Misconceptions bout HIV One of the most importnt prerequisites for reducing the rte of HIV infection is ccurte knowledge of how HIV is trnsmitted nd strtegies
More informationFeeding state and age dependent changes in melaninconcentrating hormone expression in the hypothalamus of broiler chickens
Supplementry Mterils Epub: No 2017_23 Vol. 65, 2018 https://doi.org/10.183/bp.2017_23 Regulr pper Feeding stte nd ge dependent chnges in melninconcentrting hormone expression in the hypothlmus of broiler
More informationStudy on the association between PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway gene polymorphism and susceptibility to gastric
JBUON 2017; 22(6): 1488-1493 ISSN: 1107-0625, online ISSN: 2241-6293 www.jbuon.com E-mil: editoril_office@jbuon.com ORIGINAL ARTICLE Study on the ssocition between PI3K/AKT/mTOR signling pthwy gene polymorphism
More informationRisk factors for HodgkinÕs disease by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status: prior infection by EBV and other agents
DOI: 10.1054/ bjoc.1999.1049, vilble online t http://www.idelibrry.com on Risk fctors for HodgkinÕs disese by Epstein-Brr virus (EBV) sttus: prior infection by EBV nd other gents FE Alexnder 1, RF Jrrett
More informationComparison of autologous peripheral blood stem cell dosing by ideal vs actual body weight
Bone Mrrow Trnsplnttion, (1999) 23, 867 873 1999 Stockton Press All rights reserved 0268 3369/99 $12.00 http://www.stockton-press.co.uk/bmt Comprison of utologous peripherl blood stem cell dosing by idel
More informationSafety and Tolerability of Subcutaneous Sarilumab and Intravenous Tocilizumab in Patients With RA
Sfety nd Tolerbility of Subcutneous Srilumb nd Intrvenous Tocilizumb in Ptients With RA Pul Emery, 1 Jun Rondon, 2 Anju Grg, 3 Hubert vn Hoogstrten, 3 Neil M.H. Grhm, 4 Ming Liu, 4 Nncy Liu, 3 Jnie Prrino,
More informationSYNOPSIS Final Abbreviated Clinical Study Report for Study CA ABBREVIATED REPORT
Finl Arevited Clinicl Study Report Nme of Sponsor/Compny: Bristol-Myers Squi Ipilimum Individul Study Tle Referring to the Dossier (For Ntionl Authority Use Only) Nme of Finished Product: Yervoy Nme of
More informationAnalysis of detection results of thyroid function-related indexes in pregnant women and establishment of the reference interval
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE Anlysis of detection results of thyroid function-relted indexes in pregnnt women nd estblishment of the reference intervl QI ZHOU 1*, YANLI ZHANG 1*, JIANHUA ZHOU
More informationCommunity. Profile Yellowstone County. Public Health and Safety Division
Community Helth Profile 2015 Yellowstone County Public Helth nd Sfety Division Tble of Contents Demogrphic Informtion 1 Communicble Disese 3 Chronic Disese 4 Mternl nd Child Helth 10 Mortlity 12 Behviorl
More informationDXA: Can It Be Used as a Criterion Reference for Body Fat Measurements in Children?
nture publishing group rticles methods AND techniques DXA: Cn It Be Used s Criterion Reference for Body Ft Mesurements in Children? Romn J. Shypilo 1, Nncy F. Butte 1 nd Kenneth J. Ellis 1 Objective: Dul-energy
More informationCommunity. Profile Lewis & Clark County. Public Health and Safety Division
Community Helth Profile 2015 Lewis & Clrk County Public Helth nd Sfety Division Tble of Contents Demogrphic Informtion 1 Communicble Disese 3 Chronic Disese 4 Mternl nd Child Helth 10 Mortlity 12 Behviorl
More informationCommunity. Profile Missoula County. Public Health and Safety Division
Community Helth Profile 2015 Missoul County Public Helth nd Sfety Division Tble of Contents Demogrphic Informtion 1 Communicble Disese 3 Chronic Disese 4 Mternl nd Child Helth 10 Mortlity 12 Behviorl Risk
More informationCorrelations Between Cytogenetic and Molecular Monitoring Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Chronic Phase
Originl Articles Correltions Between Cytogenetic nd Moleculr Monitoring Among Ptients With Newly Dignosed Chronic Myeloid Leukemi in Chronic Phse Post Hoc Anlyses of the Rtionle nd Insight for Gleevec
More informationAssociation of genetic polymorphisms in DNMT3A with the progression of gastric mucosal atrophy and susceptibility to gastric cancer in Japan
ONCOLOGY LETTERS Assocition of genetic polymorphisms in DNMT3A with the progression of gstric mucosl trophy nd susceptibility to gstric cncer in Jpn WU JING 1, TOSHIMI OTSUKA 1, MASAKATSU NAKAMURA 1, NAOKO
More informationPersistent changes in the immune system 4 10 years after ABMT
Bone Mrrow Trnsplnttion, (1999) 24, 873 878 1999 Stockton Press All rights reserved 268 3369/99 $15. http://www.stockton-press.co.uk/mt Persistent chnges in the immune system 4 yers fter ABMT T Nordøy
More informationCommunity. Profile Powell County. Public Health and Safety Division
Community Helth Profile 2015 Powell County Public Helth nd Sfety Division Tble of Contents Demogrphic Informtion 1 Communicble Disese 3 Chronic Disese 4 Mternl nd Child Helth 10 Mortlity 12 Behviorl Risk
More informationCommunity. Profile Big Horn County. Public Health and Safety Division
Community Helth Profile 2015 Big Horn County Public Helth nd Sfety Division Tble of Contents Demogrphic Informtion 1 Communicble Disese 3 Chronic Disese 4 Mternl nd Child Helth 10 Mortlity 12 Behviorl
More informationSignificance of Expression of TGF- in Pulmonary Metastasis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Tissues
Originl Article Significnce of Expression of in Pulmonry Metstsis in Non-smll Cell Lung Cncer Tissues Hisshi Sji, Hruhiko Nkmur, Idiris Awut, Norihito Kwski, Msru Hgiwr, Akihiko Ogt, Mkoto Hosk, Tkmoto
More informationGeographical influence on digit ratio (2D:4D): a case study of Andoni and Ikwerre ethnic groups in Niger delta, Nigeria.
Journl of Applied Biosciences 27: 1736-1741 ISSN 1997 5902 Geogrphicl influence on digit rtio (2D:4D): cse study of Andoni nd Ikwerre ethnic groups in Niger delt, Nigeri. Gwunirem, Isrel U 1 nd Ihemelndu,
More informationEsthetic Influence of Negative Space in the Buccal Corridor during Smiling
Originl Article Esthetic Influence of Negtive Spce in the Buccl Corridor during Smiling Dltro Enes Ritter ; Luiz Gonzg Gndini Jr b ; Ary dos Sntos Pinto c ; Arno Locks d ABSTRACT The purpose of this study
More informationA Comparison of Serum Magnesium Level in Pregnant Women with and without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)
Brief Report J Bbol Univ Med Sci Vol 18, Issu 12; Dec 2016. P:71-75 A Comprison of Serum Mgnesium Level in Pregnnt Women with nd without Gesttionl Dibetes Mellitus (GDM) Z. Bouzri (MD) 1, F. Elmi(MD) 2,
More informationRecall Bias in Childhood Atopic Diseases Among Adults in The Odense Adolescence Cohort Study
Syddnsk Universitet Recll Bis in Childhood Atopic Diseses Among Adults in The Odense Adolescence Cohort Study Mørtz, Chrlotte G; Andersen, Klus Ejner; Bindslev-Jensen, Crsten Published in: Act Dermto-Venereologic
More informationCopy Number ID2 MYCN ID2 MYCN. Copy Number MYCN DDX1 ID2 KIDINS220 MBOAT2 ID2
Copy Numer Copy Numer Copy Numer Copy Numer DIPG38 DIPG49 ID2 MYCN ID2 MYCN c DIPG01 d DIPG29 ID2 MYCN ID2 MYCN e STNG2 f MYCN DIPG01 Chr. 2 DIPG29 Chr. 1 MYCN DDX1 Chr. 2 ID2 KIDINS220 MBOAT2 ID2 Supplementry
More informationOptimal sites for orthodontic mini-implant placement assessed by cone beam computed tomography
Originl Article Optiml sites for orthodontic mini-implnt plcement ssessed by cone bem computed tomogrphy Mon Mohmed Slh Fyed ; Pwel Pzer b ; Christos Ktsros c ABSTRACT Objectives: To determine (1) the
More informationInput from external experts and manufacturer on the 2 nd draft project plan Stool DNA testing for early detection of colorectal cancer
Input externl experts nd mnufcturer on the 2 nd drft project pln Stool DNA testing for erly detection of colorectl cncer (Project ID:OTJA10) All s nd uthor s replies on the 2nd drft project pln Stool DNA
More informationEsophageal carcinoma is the eighth most common cancer
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Tumor-Strom Rtio Is n Independent Predictor for Survivl in Esophgel Squmous Cell Crcinom Ki Wng, MD,* Wei M, MD,* Jinbo Wng, MD,* Ling Yu, MD, Xiomei Zhng, MD, Zhenbo Wng, MD, Bingxu Tn,
More informationEvaluation of the detection of 14 high-risk human papillomaviruses with HPV 16 and HPV 18 genotyping for cervical cancer screening
1332 Evlution of the detection of 14 high-risk humn ppillomviruses with HPV 16 nd HPV 18 genotyping for cervicl cncer screening MEI-LU BIAN, JIAO-YING CHENG, LI MA, XIAO CONG, JUN LIU, YING CHEN nd XI
More informationExtraction and Some Functional Properties of Protein Extract from Rice Bran
Ksetsrt J. (Nt. Sci.) 40 : 209-214 (2006) Extrction nd Some Functionl Properties of Protein Extrct from Rice Brn Chockchi Theerkulkit*, Siree Chiseri nd Siriwt Mongkolknchnsiri ABSTRACT Rice brn protein
More informationMetabolic Syndrome and Health-related Quality of Life in Obese Individuals Seeking Weight Reduction
Metbolic Syndrome nd Helth-relted Qulity of Life in Obese Individuls Seeking Weight Reduction Adm Gilden Tsi 1, Thoms A. Wdden 1, Dvid B. Srwer 1, Robert I. Berkowitz 1, Leslie G. Womble 1, Louise A. Hesson
More informationRESEARCH ARTICLE. Wen Li 1, Jing Deng 2 *, Shuang-Shuang Wang 1, Liang Ma 1, Jiang Pei 1, Xiao-Xi Zeng 1, Jian-Xin Tang 1. Abstract.
DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.24.10937 Methyltion of the RAR-β Gene nd Cigrette Smoking in NSCLC in Southern-Centrl Chinese RESEARCH ARTICLE Assocition of Methyltion of the RAR-β Gene with
More informationEffects of age, density, and seasonality on molt pattern in the mammal genus (Peromyscus)
University of New Hmpshire University of New Hmpshire Scholrs' Repository Honors Theses nd Cpstones Student Scholrship Spring 2015 Effects of ge, density, nd sesonlity on molt pttern in the mmml genus
More informationphosphatase isoenzyme activity: estimation of
J Clin Pthol 1988;41:202-206 Quntittive method for determining serum lkline phosphtse isoenzyme ctivity: estimtion of intestinl component M J PEAKE, M PEJAKOVIC, G H WHITE From the Deprtment ofbiochemistry
More informationExpression of circulating microrna-1 and microrna-133 in pediatric patients with tachycardia
MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS 11: 4039-4046, 2015 Expression of circulting microrna-1 nd microrna-133 in peditric ptients with tchycrdi LING SUN 1*, SHUO SUN 2*, SHAOYING ZENG 1, YUFEN LI 1, WEI PAN 1 nd
More informationClinical statistics analysis on the characteristics of pneumoconiosis of Chinese miner population
Originl Article Clinicl sttistics nlysis on the chrcteristics of pneumoconiosis of Chinese miner popultion Mei-Fng Wng 1 *, Run-Ze Li 2 *, Ying Li 2, Xue-Qin Cheng 1, Jun Yng 1, Wen Chen 3, Xing-Xing Fn
More informationOsteosarcoma in patients below 25 years of age: An observational study of incidence, metastasis, treatment and outcomes
ONCOLOGY LETTERS Osteosrcom in ptients below 25 yers of ge: An observtionl study of incidence, metstsis, tretment nd outcomes ZHIGANG NIE nd HAO PENG Deprtment of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospitl of Wuhn University,
More informationCommunity. Profile Anaconda- Deer Lodge County. Public Health and Safety Division
Community Helth Profile 2015 Ancond- Deer Lodge County Public Helth nd Sfety Division Tble of Contents Demogrphic Informtion 1 Communicble Disese 3 Chronic Disese 4 Mternl nd Child Helth 10 Mortlity 12
More informationUrinary Tract Infection in Men
C H A P T E R 1 9 Urinry Trct Infection in Men Toms L. Griebling, MD Associte Professor & Vice Chir of Urology University of Knss Knss City, Knss Contents INTRODUCTION........................................623
More informationDose-dependent effect of daptomycin on the artificial prolongation of prothrombin time in coagulation abnormalities: in vitro verification
Hshimoto et l. BMC Phrmcology nd Toxicology (2017) 18:74 DOI 10.1186/s40360-017-0180-3 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Dose-dependent effect of dptomycin on the rtificil prolongtion of prothrombin time in
More informationOne of the most important biological mechanisms of
Brief Report Serum Thymidine Kinse 1 Activity in the Prognosis nd Monitoring of Chemotherpy in Lung Cncer Ptients: A Brief Report Benjmin Nismn, PhD,* Hovv Nechushtn, MD, PhD,* Him Birn, MD, Hds Gntz-Sorotsky,
More informationThe RUTHERFORD-2 trial in heterozygous FH: Results and implications
The RUTHERFORD-2 tril in heterozygous FH: Results nd implictions Slide deck kindly supplied s n eductionl resource by Professor Derick Rl MD PhD Crbohydrte & Lipid Metbolism Reserch Unit University of
More informationIntroduction. These patients benefit less from conventional chemotherapy than patients identified as MMR proficient or microsatellite stable 3-5
Nivolumb + Ipilimumb Combintion in Ptients With DNA Mismtch Repir-Deficient/Microstellite Instbility-High Metsttic Colorectl Cncer: First Report of the Full Cohort From CheckMte-142 Abstrct 553 André T,
More informationRisks for All-Cause Mortality: Stratified by Age, Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate and Albuminuria
Clinicl Prctice: Mini-Review Received: My 20, 2016 Accepted fter revision: December 14, 2016 Published online: Jnury 27, 2017 Risks for All-Cuse Mortlity: Strtified by Age, Estimted Glomerulr Filtrtion
More informationRisk of Colorectal Cancer by Subsite in a Swedish Prostate Cancer Cohort
Specil Report Risk of Colorectl Cncer by Subsite in Swedish Prostte Cncer Cohort Yunxi Lu, MD, PhD, Rickrd Ljung, MD, PhD, Ann Mrtling, MD, PhD, nd Mts Lindbld, MD, PhD Bckground: The reltionship between
More informationA Study of Serological Markers of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Istanbul, Turkey
Originl Pper Med Princ Prct 2003;12:184 188 DOI: 10.1159/000070757 Received: Decemer 15, 2001 Revised: Decemer 21, 2002 A Study of Serologicl Mrkers of Heptitis B nd C Viruses in Istnul, Turkey S. Erden
More informationSerum nesfatin-1 levels are decreased in pregnant women newly diagnosed with gestational diabetes
originl rticle Serum nesftin-1 levels re decresed in pregnnt women newly dignosed with gesttionl dibetes Esr Nur Ademoglu 1, Suheyl Gorr 2, Muge Keskin 3, Ayse Crlioglu 4, Rifki Ucler 5, Husmettin Erdmr
More informationAnalysis of alternatives for insulinizing patients to achieve glycemic control and avoid accompanying risks of hypoglycemia
284 Anlysis of lterntives for izing ptients to chieve glycemic control nd void ccompnying risks of hypoglycemi JIALIN GAO 1,2*, QIANYIN XIONG 1,2*, JUN MIAO 1*, YAO ZHANG 2,3, LIBING XIA 1, MEIQIN LU 1,
More informationLipase and Pancreatic Amylase Activities in Tissues and in Patients with Hyperamylasemia
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY Originl Article Lipse nd Pncretic Amylse Activities in Tissues nd in Ptients with Hypermylsemi FRED APPLE, PH.D, PETER BENSON, M.D., LYNNE PREESE, MT, M.B.A., STEVEN EASTEP, M.D., LAURA
More informationUsing Paclobutrazol to Suppress Inflorescence Height of Potted Phalaenopsis Orchids
Using Pcloutrzol to Suppress Inflorescence Height of Potted Phlenopsis Orchids A REPORT SUBMITTED TO FINE AMERICAS Linsey Newton nd Erik Runkle Deprtment of Horticulture Spring 28 Using Pcloutrzol to Suppress
More informationRisk factors for testicular germ cell tumours by histological tumour type
Article no. bjoc.1999.0611 Risk fctors for testiculr germ cell tumours by histologicl tumour type CAC Couplnd 1, CED Chilvers 1, G Dvey 2, MC Pike 3, RTD Oliver 4 nd D Formn 2 on behlf of the United Kingdom
More informationEpidemiological survey and analysis of asthma in children aged 0-14 years old in urban and rural areas of Chengdu region
Originl Article Epidemiologicl survey nd nlysis of sthm in children ged 0-14 yers old in urbn nd rurl res of Chengdu region Min Li 1, Qiong Zhng 2, Wei-Jun Shi 2, Ln Li 1, Yn Li 2, Ying Png 1, Bin Yo 1,
More informationDiabetes affects 29 million Americans, imposing a substantial
CLINICAL Comprtive Effectiveness nd Costs of Insulin Pump Therpy for Dibetes Ronld T. Ackermnn, MD, MPH; Amish Wlli, MD, MS; Rymond Kng, MA; Andrew Cooper, MPH; Theodore A. Prospect, FSA, MAAA; Lewis G.
More informationCommunity. Profile Carter County. Public Health and Safety Division
Community Helth Profile 2015 Crter County Public Helth nd Sfety Division Tble of Contents Demogrphic Informtion 1 Communicble Disese 3 Chronic Disese 4 Mternl nd Child Helth 10 Mortlity 12 Behviorl Risk
More informationLATE RESULTS OF TRANSFER OF THE TIBIAL TUBERCLE FOR RECURRENT DISLOCATION OF THE PATELLA1
LATE RESULTS OF TRANSFER OF THE TIBIAL TUBERCLE FOR RECURRENT DISLOCATION OF THE PATELLA1 W. G. J. HAMPSON nd P. HILL, BRISTOL, ENGLAND The uthors wished to determine the lte results of the Huser opertion,
More informationA Long-term Study on the Expansion Effects of the Cervical-pull Facebow With and Without Rapid Maxillary Expansion
Originl Article A Long-term Study on the Expnsion Effects of the Cervicl-pull Fcebow With nd Without Rpid Mxillry Expnsion Frederick A. Fenderson, DDS, MS ; Jmes A. McNmr Jr, DDS, PhD b ; Tizino Bccetti,
More informationRevaccination of Children after Completion of Standard Chemotherapy for Acute Leukemia
MAJOR ARTICLE Revccintion of Children fter Completion of Stndrd Chemotherpy for Acute Leukemi Soonie R. Ptel, 1 Miguel Ortín, 1 Bernrd J. Cohen, 2 Ry Borrow, 5 Dine Irving, 3 Jonne Sheldon, 3 nd Pul T.
More informationRelation of Tumor Size, Lymph Node Status, and Survival in
Reltion of Tumor Size, Lymph Node Sttus, nd Survivl in 24,74 Brest Cncer Cses CHRISTINE L. CARTER, PHD, MPH,* CAROL ALLEN, PHD,t AND DONALD E. HENSON, MD* Two of the most importnt prognostic indictors
More informationFertility in Norwegian testicular cancer patients
DOI: 0.054/ bjoc.999.0989, vilble online t http://www.idelibrry.com on Fertility in Norwegin testiculr cncer ptients SD Fosså nd Ø Krvdl 2 The Norwegin Rdium Hospitl, Montebello, N-030 Oslo, Norwy; 2 The
More informationEffect of vitamin D on the recurrence rate of rheumatoid arthritis
1812 Effect of vitmin D on the recurrence rte of rheumtoid rthritis JUNXIA YANG 1, LIN LIU 1, QINGLIN ZHANG 2, MEIRONG LI 1 nd JINGYA WANG 1 1 Deprtment of Rheumtology, 2 Centrl Lbortory, Xuzhou Centrl
More informationPresented at the 75 th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology, Orlando, FL, March 3-7, 2017 METHODS INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVE
Seven-Yer Interim Results from the ESPRIT 10-Yer Postmrketing Surveillnce Registry of Adlimumb for Moderte to Severe Psorisis Frncisco Kerdel, 1 Aln Menter, 2 Jshin J. Wu, 3 Mreike Bereswill, 4 Dilek Arikn,
More informationENERGY CONTENT OF BARLEY
ENERGY CONTENT OF BARLEY VARIATION IN THE DIETARY ENERGY CONTENT OF BARLEY Shwn Firbirn, John Ptience, Hnk Clssen nd Ruurd Zijlstr SUMMARY Formultion of commercil pig diets requires n incresing degree
More informationStudies of the Mortality of Atomic Bomb Survivors, Report 14, : An Overview of Cancer and Noncancer Diseases
RADIATION RESEARCH 177, 229 243 (2012) 0033-7587/12 $15.00 Ó2012 by Rdition Reserch Society. All rights of reproduction in ny form reserved. DOI: 10.1667/RR2629.1 Studies of the Mortlity of Atomic Bomb
More informationAmerican Joint Committee on Cancer Staging and Clinicopathological High-Risk Predictors of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia
Americn Joint Committee on Cncer Stging nd Clinicopthologicl High-Risk Predictors of Oculr Surfce Squmous Neoplsi A Study From Tertiry Eye Center in Indi Sheetl Chuhn, MSc; Seem Sen, MD; Anjn Shrm, PhD;
More informationFERTILITY EFFECTS OF SODIUM FLUORIDE IN MALE MICE
128 Fluoride Vol. 33 No. 3 128-134 2000 Reserch Report FERTILITY EFFECTS OF SODIUM FLUORIDE IN MALE MICE Ahmed Elbetieh, Hom Drmni, Ahmd S Al-Hiyst b Irbid, Jordn SUMMARY: Sexully mture mle Swiss mice
More informationDiabetes mellitus secondary to pancreatic diseases (type 3c): The effect of smoking on the exocrine endocrine interactions of the pancreas
764062DVR0010.1177/1479164118764062Dibetes & Vsculr Disese ReserchŚliwińsk-Mossoń et l. reserch-rticle2018 Originl Article Dibetes mellitus secondry to pncretic diseses (type 3c): The effect of smoking
More informationPROVEN ANTICOCCIDIAL IN NEW FORMULATION
PROVEN ANTICOCCIDIAL IN NEW FORMULATION Coxidin 100 microgrnulte A coccidiosttic dditive for roilers, chickens rered for lying nd turkeys Contins 100 g of monensin sodium per kg Aville s homogenous grnules
More informationAnalysis of Risk Factors for the Development of Incisional and Parastomal Hernias in Patients after Colorectal Surgery
Originl Article Journl of the Koren Society of J Koren Soc Coloproctol 2012;28(6):299-303 http://dx.doi.org/10.3393/jksc.2012.28.6.299 pissn 2093-7822 eissn 2093-7830 Anlysis of Risk Fctors for the Development
More informationBreast carcinoma grading by histologic features has
Originl Articles Mitotic Index of Invsive Brest Crcinom Achieving Cliniclly Meningful Precision nd Evluting Tertil Cutoffs John S. Meyer, MD; Eric Costto, PhD; Hns Peter Grf, PhD Context. Mitotic figure
More informationInvasive Pneumococcal Disease Quarterly Report July September 2018
Invsive Pneumococcl Disese Qurterly Report July Septemer Introduction Since 17 Octoer 2008, invsive pneumococcl disese (IPD) hs een notifile to the locl Medicl Officer of Helth under the Helth Act 1956.
More informationAssociation between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms and susceptibility to Graves' ophthalmopathy
2276 Assocition between methylenetetrhydrofolte reductse (MTHFR) polymorphisms nd susceptibility to Grves' ophthlmopthy JAE YEUN LEE 1, NAM KEUN KIM 2, YONG WOOK CHO 3 nd HELEN LEW 1 1 Deprtment of Ophthlmology;
More informationEvaluation of the TEST 1 erythrocyte sedimentation rate system and intra- and inter-laboratory quality control using new latex control materials
Clin Chem Lb Med 2010;48(7):1043 1048 2010 by Wlter de Gruyter Berlin New York. DOI 10.1515/CCLM.2010.162 Evlution of the TEST 1 erythrocyte sedimenttion rte system nd intr- nd inter-lbortory qulity control
More information