4. Describe the body cavities, what organs are found in each and be able to identify them on a diagram.

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1 Health Science I Final Exam Review 1. Define ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY 2. List and describe the characteristics of life 3. Know the levels of organization, from simplest to most complex 4. Describe the body cavities, what organs are found in each and be able to identify them on a diagram. 5. Describe the membranes and their locations (parietal vs visceral) 6. Describe the organ systems, their functions, and organs found in each 7. Describe the ANATOMICAL POSITION 8. Know the relative positions: Lateral, Medial, Posterior, Anterior, Dorsal, 10. Describe the body regions and be able to identify them on a diagram The basic unit of structure and function in the human body is the Describe the cell membrane and its properties. What is its function? What is diffusion and facilitated diffusion? What is osmosis? List and describe the stages in the life cycle of a cell.

2 List in order the phases of mitosis and tell the main events that occur in each phase.(pmat) List the four types of tissues and describe their general function / location. Identify the types of epithelial tissues from pictures using the naming conventions (simple, stratified, cuboidal, squamous, columnar) Know the general locations of epithelial tissue (stratified squamous, transitional, simple squamous, stratified columnar) List the 5 major functions of the skeletal system How many bones are there (normally) in your skeleton? List the groups of bones that make up the: Appendicular Skeleton Axial Skeleton Name and describe the 5 major parts of a bone What is the membrane lining the medullary cavity called? What is the proper term for a skeletal joint? Name the 2 types of marrow and tell what each does. Give the proper names for the two types of bone tissue and tell where each is found. Name and describe the 3 major types of joints. Give examples. Identify the major bones of the skull (label on diagram)

3 How much blood is contained in the average human? Arteries carry blood from the heart. Veins carry blood the heart. Which (arteries or veins) carries oxygenated blood? Name the one vessel that is the exception: What do you call the loose, outer layer of the sac around the heart? What side points toward the heart (inside layer)? What layer is on the outside? When vessels expand, it is called When they contract? Briefly describe the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium Describe the size and location of the heart. Where is the apex of the heart located? What divides the left and right side of the heart? Which side is more muscular? What bone lies directly in front of the heart? During systole, the aortic valve is. During diastole, the aortic valve is. Veins and arteries meet at, where nutrients are exchanged with body tissues. Arteries branch into smaller vessels called Veins also have smaller branches called What three things push blood back to the heart (through the veins)? Label a diagram of the heart and trace the flow of blood through the heart.

4 Stores urine before it is excreted The renal pelvis is divided into the major and the minor (singular)surrounds the glomerulus (also called "Bowman's ) Duct that stores urine that has passed through the distal tubule The outer area of the kidney, it forms a shell around the medulla. An inflammation of the bladder, also known as a bladder infection A procedure that cleans the blood of patients who do not have functioning kidneys A tangled cluster of blood capillaries, filtration starts here. The renal artery gives rise to these arteries, which pass between the renal pyramids Bean shaped organ that lies on either side of the vertebral column and filters the blood The inner region of the kidney, which contains the renal pyramids The act of urination The functional unit of the kidney. funnel shaped sac found within the renal sinus; renal The depression on the medial side of the kidney; renal Occurs in the proximal tubule, water is returned to the blood Tubes that lead from the kidney and deliver blood to the bladder This tube carries urine outside the body Type of epithelium that lines the bladder A word that means "pertaining to the kidneys" What is peristalsis? What are papillae and where are they located? What is the roof of the oral cavity called (2 parts): Where is the uvula? What are the three salivary glands and where are they located? What are the two types of movements within the alimentary canal? What are the three main functions of the digestive system? What is the name of the opening where the esophagus pass through the diaphragm? Trace the path of food once it enters the stomach and exists the anus: What is the function of the gall bladder?

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