FISHERIES.AND MARINE SERVICE

Transcription

1 FISHERIES.AND MARINE SERVICE Trànslation Series No, 3638 Search for preservatives for storage of caught fish by G.G. Skovortsova, E.S. Domnina, Yu.A. Mansurov, G.N. Kurov, and N.P. Glazkova Original title: Piosk Konservatov Dlya Khraneniya Vylovlennoi Ryby From: Rybn. Khoz. (1): 69-70, 1975 Translated by the TranslatiOn Bureau( IKR ) Multilinggal Services Division Department of the Sectetary of State of Canada Department of the Environment Fisheries and Marine Service Halifax Laboratory Halifax, N.S pages typescript

2 DEPARTMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE SECRÉTARIAT D'ÉTAT TRANSLATION BUREAU.BUREAU DES TRADUCTIONS MULTILINGUAL SERVICES CANADA. DIVISION DIVISION DES SERVICES MULTILINGUES TRANSLATED FROM - TRADUCTION DE Russian INTO - EN English AUTHOR - AUTEUR G.G. Skvortsova, E.S. Domnina, Yu.A. Mansurov, G.N. Kurov and N.P. Glazkova F m TITLE IN ENGLISH - TITRE ANGLAIS SEARCH FOR PRESERVATIVES FOR STORAGE OF CAUGHT FISH TITLE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE (TRANSLITERATE FOREIGN CHARACTERS) TITRE EN LANGUE ÉTRANGÉRE (TRANSCRIRE EN CARACTÉRES ROMAINS) POISK KONSERVANTOV DLYA KHRANENIYA VYLOVLENNOI RYBY REFERENCE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE (NAME OF BOOK OR PUBLICATION) IN FULL. TRANSLITERATE FOREIGN CHARACTERS. RÉFÉRENCE EN LANGUE ÉTRANGiHE (NOM DU LIVRE OU PUBLICATION), AU COMPLET, TRANSCRIRE EN CARACTÉRES ROMAINS. Rybnoe Khozyaistvo REFERENCE IN ENGLISH - RÉFÉRENCE EN ANGLAIS Fishing Industry PUBLISHER- ÉDITEUR 1, DATE OF PUBLICATION DATE DE PUBLICATION PAGE NUMBERS IN ORIGINAL NUMÉ.ROS DES PAGES DANS L'ORI GINAL PLACE OF PUBLICATION LIEU DE PUBLICATION YEAR ANNÉE VOLUME ISSUE NO. NUMÉRO NUMBER OF TYPED PAGES NOMBRE DE PAGES DACTYLOGRAPHIÉES USSR REQUESTING DEPARTMENT TRANSLATION BUREAU NO. Environment MINISTÈRE CLIENT NOTRE DOSSIER BRANCH OR DIVISION DIRECTION OU DIVISION Fisheries Service TRANSLATOR (INITIALS) TRADUCTEUR (INITIALES) IKR PERSON REQUESTING DEMANDÉ PAR Dr. R.G. Ackman YOUR NUMBER VOTRE DOSSIER NO DATE OF.REQUEST August 29, 1975 DATE DE LA DEMANDE S Mt- V. 2 /GO) Q CC? cry cm u. UNEDITED TRANSLATION For inforrnition only,duction NON REVI,SEU -;ÇYtenl.elt

3 : 'DEPARTMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE. TRANSLATION BUREAU FOREIGN LANGUAGES DIVISION SECRÉTARIAT D'ÉTAT BUREAU DES TRADUCTIONS DIVISION DES LANGUES ÉTRANGÈRES YOUR NO. VOTRE N DER ARTMENT MINISTèRE DI VISION/RANCH DIVISION/DIRECTION CITY VILLE Environment Fisheries Service OUR NO. NOTRE N LANGUAGE LANGUE Russian TRANSLATOR (INITIALS) TRADUCTEUR (INITIALES) IKR. DATE VE.B 2.19n Rybnoe khozyaistvo (The Fishing Industry), No. I, 1975, pp69-70 (USSR) UJ 'II 7d! to UDC ,... 4,- e: A' ill g < fè, Ci E...4.,, 0 V) tz ew. '`,', ; SEARCH FOR PRESERVATIVES FOR STORAGE OF CAUGHT FISH < ) e ". L pw w r G. g...1..).... f a By G.G. Skvortsova, E.S. Domnina, Yu.A. Mansurov,.b., ti 0 U:4 G.N. Kurov and N.P. GlazkOva, i- ;-- isj r:.., 1...: Irkutsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, n Ly. 1 U.* Siberian Department»pf the Academy of Sciences -,.tt ervelLe U S SR D ce, t.-- Lately., efficient new chemical preservatives areleginning to 69* assume.increasing importance for the long-term storage of freshly caught fish. In Japan the nitrofuran derivatives AF2 and AF-5 are used as preservatives, in Europe- hexamethylenetetramine and derivatives of benzoic acid, in the USA- a mixture of preparations under the generic name "Fran-Kem". The high bactericidal activity and low toxicity of certain chemical compounds make the utilization of preservatives more promising when compared with known physical methods of fish storage. In view of this, it is essential to summarize preliminary results in the synthesis of, and the search for new nitrogen-, oxygen- and sulphurcontaining heterocyclic compounds capable of preventing undesirable changes *Numbers in the right-hand margin indicate the corresponding pages in the original. SOS- SOS. - S 1

4 2. in the flesh of fish during its storage in chilled sea and ocean water. With this aim in view, we devised and carried out a synthesis of a large number of new water-soluble vinyl derivatives of the series: indole, imidazole, triazole, pyridine, furan, thiophene and polymers based on them. At the same time, specimens of natural origin were prepared and tested: certain derivatives of stilbene, isolated from Siberian pine and possessing significant bactericidal properties, as well as àpirit extracts obtained from the grass and the roots of the ostrich feather and bracken ferns, used in Siberia as a folk method for the preservation of fresh meat. Tests on all the synthesized substances with supposed preservative properties were conducted mainly on the Black Sea picarel and scad in the eg/ TsKTB 1 laboratory of the "Azchereyba" tain admitistration 2. Examination of the condition of the fishes was carried out by microbiological and organoleptic methods. At a ratio of fish: sea water= 1:20 it was established that only 2 of the. 50 substances analysed displayed high preservative activity and low toxicity. Application of the remaining compounds, including the preparations of natural origin, did not yield any positive effect. Addition of the substances to sea water in a concentration of % made it possible to preserve the quality of the fishes even at a temperature of C for a period of 5 days at the level of grade I and II. In this case the medium in which the fishes were stored continued to remain almost sterile on the 5th day; the internal organs of the fishes retained their original form. At the same time, the bacterial titre (BT) of the control specimen was already 500 thou, colonies per I ml on the 2nd day of Translator's notes. 1 Probably Central Design Technical Office. 2 In this abbreviation "Azche-" stands for Azov-Black Sea and "-ryba" means fish.

5 3. storage and on the 3rd day, was characterised by "rhmpant growth". As early as the 2nd day the quality of the fish used as a control specimen could be described as "scrap". It should, however, be noted that utilization of preparations for the prevention of qualitative changes occuring in the fishes as a result of their swelling during storage did not yield any effect. Thus, for example, after the first three days the bulk of the picarel had increased by 4-5% of the original. As is generally known, the following compounds are among the most effective anti-swelling agents: polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and others which have found widesp.read application in engineering and in medicine. Continued research along these lines established that the use of polyvinylpyrrolidone alone as a preservative leads to a decrease in swelling, but does not promote suppression of the processes of oxidation and fermentation occuring when fish are stored in sea water. In view of this, a new preservative called polycycline** was proposed by us. This preparation consists of a yellowish crystalline powder readily soluble in water and contains the following components: hydrochloride or bromnonilate N-vinylbenzimidazole (50 g), hydrochloride n-vinyloxyaniline (20 g) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (50 kg per ton of water). The use of this mixture makes it possible to store fish in chilled seawater for a period of three \a.eeks at a ratio of fish; sea-water= 1:20. The presence of all these ingredients provides polycyclirie with high bactericidal activity, prevents swelling and suppresses the fermentation processes occuring in the fish. The best preservative effect was achieved In collaboration with B.F. Sopochkin, Engineer. ** Copyrig h t No, ; Bulletin "Discoveries, inventions, industrial models, trade marks", 1973, No. 20.

6 4. through the addition of 3-5% polycycline to sea water at a temperature of -2-0 C. In this case a 1% swelling was evident in the fishes on the 20th day and the BT of the medium was 6 colonies/ml. ln the control experiment the BT of the medium was, on the 2nd day of storage, 1000 colonies/ml, after two weeks - over colonies/ml. With the use of this preparation no negative effect on the quality of the fishes could be observed. The experimental specimens of picarel and scad had normal gills and eyes, a firm body, flesh of a resilient consistency and a normal abdomen. In the comparative assessment of the quality of flesh and the'condition of the internal organs, no differences were ascertained between the experimental and control specimens (a freshly killed scad with the same weight). The preservative properties of polycycline were confirmed also in tests involving commercial fish species (Sardinops, mackerel, scad). In all instances investigations were conducted without changing the preservative solution. Preliminary tests on laboratory animals demonstrated that polycycline is,. in practice, non-toxic. Thus, even with intraperitoneal administration of the preservative (I0 g(kg) no deaths resulted, nor were any deviations from normal condition observed in the animals, Nevertheless, the question of the biological harmlessness of polycycline and.of the feasibility of its widespread practical usage warrants, in our opinion, more detailed study on the part-of special organizations.