FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA Translation Series No. 2013

Transcription

1 FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA Translation Series No Vitamin A stability in vitamin-enriched codliver oils ' by A. Fiebig and J. Kozlowska Original title: Trany dowitaminizowane w swietle badan w nich trwalosci witaminy A From: Farmacja Polska (Polish Pharmacology),(6) : , 1970 Translated by the Translation Bureau(BS) Foreign Languages Division Department of the Secretary of State of Canada 7 pages typescript Fisheries Research Board of Canada Halifax Laboratory Halifax, N. S. 1972

2 DEPARTMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE TRANSLATION BUREAU FOREIGN LANGUAGES DIVISION CANADA SECRÉTARIAT D'ÉTAT BUREAU DES TRADUCTIONS DIVISION DES LANGUES ÉTRANGeRES TRANSLATED FROM - TRADUCTION DE INTO - EN Polish Dsglish AUTHOR - AUTEUR A. Fiebig and J. gozlowska TITLE IN ENGLISH - TITRE ANGLAIS Vitamin A stability in vitamin-enriched cod-liver oils REFERENCE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE ( NAME OF BOOK OR PUBLICATION) IN FULL. TRANSLITERATE FOREIGN CHARACTERS. REFERENCE EN LANGUE ETRANGERE (NOM DU LIVRE OU PUBLICATION). AU COMPLET. TRANSCRIRE EN CARACTERES PHONÉTIQUES. Farmaoja Polska. REFERENCE IN ENGLISH - REFERENCE EN ANGLA!S Poli sh Pharmaaology PUBLISHER - EDITEUR not given DATE OF PUBLICATION DATE DE PUBLICATION PAG^ NUMBERS IN ORIGINAL NUMEROS DES PAGES DANS L'ORIGINAL PLACE OF. PUBLICATION LIEU DE PUBLICATION Poland YEAfi I ANNEE 1970 VOLUME 6 ISSU E NO. NUMÉRO 457-,i6n NUMBER OF TYPED PAGES NOMBRE DE PAGES DACTYLOGRAPHIÉES I REQUESTING DEPARTMENT MINISTÉRE-CLIENT Environment TRANSLATION BUREAU NO. NOTRE DOSSIER NO ^(1^ BRANCH OR DIVISION DIRECTION OU DIVISION PERSON REQUESTING DEMANDÉ PAR YOUR NUMBER VOTRE DOSSIER.NO - Halifax, Laboratory Dr. R.G. Ackman. Halifax. N.S. + DATE OF REQUEST Dec. 15, 1971 DATE DE LA DEMANDE TRANSLATOR (INITIALS) D Q TRADUCTEUR (!NITIALES) D^' _ DATE COMPLETED JAN ACHEVE LE UNEDITED TRANrLATiO9^-r For info;mah'^,; c..-)!y TRADUCTION NON RE`JISEE Information seulement SOS (REV. 1/88)

3 BUREAU FOR TRANSLATIONS BUREAU DES TRADUCTIONS CANADA DEPARTMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE SECRÉTARIAT D'ÉTAT Ottawa, Ontario KlA OM 5 MEMORANDUM TO CLIENTS SUBJECT: FASTER COMPLETION OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES TRANSLATIONS In order to speed the flow of information, the attached.translation is being forwarded to you without having been cheeked by our revisors. This shortcut is only being used in those cases where we are reasonably confident that the translator himself has checked his translation - against the original. It is, of course, always better to have translations revised, but the increasing volume of demand would cause delays in letting you have the information you require if it all had to be checked by our revisors. Should you have any questions or points needing clarification, please do not hesitatate to return this translation to us, together with the original text and a letter explaining your problem. -2 C. A. Mendel, Chief, Foreign Languages Division. TeL June 1971 FLD 92

4 DEPARTMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE TRANSLATION BUREAU FOREIGN LANGUAGES DIVISION SECRÉTARIAT D'ÉTAT BUREAU DES TRADUCTIONS DIVISION DES LANGUES ÉTRANGÈRES CANADA CLIENTS NO. DEPARTMENT DIVISION/BRANCH CITY N DU CLIENT MINISTÈRE DIVISION/DIRECTION ' VILLE Environment Halifax» Laboratory Halifax, N.S. BUREAU NO. LANGUAGE TRANSLATOR (INITIALS). DATE NO OU BUREAU LANGUE TRADUCTEUR (INITIALES.) 1363 Polish BS PIAN , _ A. Fiebig and J. Kozlowska. Vitamin A stability in vitamin-enriched cod-liver oilé. Parmacja Polska, 6 (1970), z 0 tè The therapeutic value of cod-liver oil depends primarily c -- 5 upon its freshness and upon the quality of its vitamins. The < Z É z 5 cod (Gadus morrhua) and Norway haddock (Sebastes marinus) oils 16 0 m tit E produced in our country do not always satisfy the standards 3 ô D.2. c demanded of medicinal cod-liver oil. This is caused by the poor z < ce F quality of the fish raw material and by the processing technology. According to production data, only 10;.0 of our cod-liver oil satisfies the FPIII (Polish Pharmacology) standards as far as the vitamin A content is concerned, while the majority (60'4) contain b W.per lg (5). Since there is still a considerable demand for medicinal cod-liver oil the existing shortfall is made up for by importing cod -liver oil. Attempts have been made recently to reduce this shortfall by enriching the sub-standard cod-liver oil with an oily vitamin A concentration (7). This process has been officially recognized by Soviet pharmacology. The above raises a question: what conditions should the cod-liver oil fulfill to be suitable for enrichment? This pioblem is the subject of the present study. In order to solve it, we made use of the "quick ageing" test elaborated previously (4) Translator's guess. -Abbreviation not listed in dictionaries. -20C-10-31

5 .for the purposa of evaluating the stability of medicinal codliver oil. 4-xperimental The material used was cod-liver oils and Norw&y haddoct oils produced by the Gdansk Fish Plant. Vitamin a content was determined by spectrophotometry (4). Peroxide value was determined by the '17heler method. and the results were converted into the Lea number. The degree of acidity and the light refractioncoefficient were determined according to.1.10piii, the iodine valu.e- by the Hanus method. Physical and chemical properties of the cod-liver oils enriched with vitarr,in A are presented i n table I. subse quently Table I. Properties of cod-liver oileyenriced with vitamin A. L.p Tabela 1 Charakterystyka ' tran6w uiytych do zablegu dowitaminizowania Badany tran Wit. A 2 j.mjg L. nadtl. ^ (L. Lea) Liczba jodowa W'^"lc'y4 11 k:vasowo5ci Stopiet^^ 11 zalananis ywidtla 1 dors..owy y T 539 9, ,35 1, dorszowy , ,23 1, c:orszowy 692 5, ,10 1, dorszowy 750 6, ,03 1, dorszowy 657 6,9^ 154 2,33 1, dorszowy 787 6, ,15 1, o1;: j z karmaz. d 656 6, ,99 1, olej z kasmaz , ,03 1, olej z 1:<arnxu , ,4760, 1. cod-liver oil studied 2. vitamin a IU/(g 3. peroxide value 4. iodine value b. degree ac;idity _ 6. light refraction coetf;ci.ent 7. cod 8. Nort-Jay haddock. às the data in table I indicate, the vitamin A, content in the cod-liver oils used in this process is in all cases lower deflection? Transl. note.

6 3 than that required by FPIII while other properties are within the norm. The peroxide value expressed as the Lea number exceeds 10 only in two oils. uick The above cod-liver oils were subjected to the^ageing 458 test before and after the vitamin was added. In this way their resistance to oxidation was determined. The time during which (under test conditions) vitamin A undergoes total disintegration was taken as a criterion. The results obtained are presented in table II. Table II. The results of the quicl ageing test applied to measure the disintegration time of vitamin A in.the analyzed cod-liver oils. Tabala 2. ^ ' Wyniki badati testem przy4pieazonym czasn rozkiudu aila;mla;7r A w anahzowan.ycl tranach Lp. Badany tran 1 dorszowy 2. dorszowy 3 dorszowy 4 dorszowy 5 dorszowy 6 dorszowy 7 olej z karmaz. i, 8 olej z karmaz. 9 olej z.karmaz. Przed dowitamipizowaniera 4 Wit. A J. mjg 1. Lea). S_ rozkladti Czas Wit. A w minut. 58^ 9, , , , , , , , ,8 60 Po dowitsiilinizowaljjq 'r 7 Wit. A ^ nijg Czâs L ^ ozkladri WiGA W minut 10, ,7 71 5,8 'fs 8,6 75 6,9 90 8,6 120 e,a so 12,8 43 6, studied cod-liver oil w. before enrichment 3. after enrichment 4. Vitamin â IU/g 5. Lea number 6.. vitamin ei's ^isintegration time per 1.in 7. vita ;nin A IUjg 8. Lea nur.lber 9. vitamin A's disintegration time in ;niris 10. cod 1l. Norway haddock.

7 4 The data in table II indicate that the disintegration time of vitamin A ( determined by the quick ageing test. ) in enriched cod-liver oils varies from 30 to 120 minutes. Cod oils are more resistant to oxidation than Noriay haddock oils. This can be explained by the difference in the fish species (1) and also by considerable differences in the technological processes involved in producing these oils (7). Discussion of results, A comparison of the peroxide value of the studied oils with the vitamin A disintegration time shows that the latter is of vital importance for the evaluation of the medicinal cod-liver oil's stability. As the data of table II indicate, the disintegratior time of vitamin A varied ( mins ) in several cod-liver oils notwithstanding their relatively low and very similar peroxide values, while it was identical (75 mine) in some oils with different peroxide values. Similar observations were made during the application of the quick ageing tes; to Norway haddock oils. The data obtained from the study of these same oils after enrichment indicate that the time required for the total disintegration. of vitamin A did not change (tab. 2,. fig. 1,2). 6esides, as fig. 2 demonstrates, the high vitamin A content resulting from enrichment swiftly drops.to its original value. in Cod-liver oils with low oxidation-resistance. This takes place notwithstanding the relatively low peroxide number Of the oil used for enrichment (tac. 2). This allows us to conclude that the vitamin A stability in cod-liver oil depends upon the oil's resistance to oxidation.

8 b This property can be explained by the existence of natural antioxidants in fish oils (2,3,6,11). The vitamin A disintegration rate in cod-liver oils before and after enrichment ( determined by the quick ageing test) is presented in figures 1 and E. 459 a H M n0 l"m fscs ro. ttodv uitomrny il Rye. 1. Trany o Guiej odpornolki na utlenianie. Trany przed dowitaminizowaniem - linia gruba; trany po dowitaminizowaniu - linia clenka. Numeracja tran6w wedlug tabcli 2. Fig. 1. Cod-liver oils possesûing good oxj.dati.on-resistance.. Oils before enrichment - thict line; aftèr enrichment - thin line. Oils are numbered accor'ding to table II.

9 6 Wit A i5.3o min Czos metodu witorniny f Rye. 2. Trany o mal ej odporno ci na utlenianie. Treny przed dowitaminizowanlem thala gruba; trany p0 dowitarninizowaniu linia cienka. Numeracja tran6w wediug tabell 2. Fig.2. Oils with poor oxidation-resistance. Oils before enrichment thick line; after - thin line. Oils numbered according to tab. II. Several authors. ( 6,9,10) relate the vitamin A decrease in fish oils to the degree to which these oils accumulate peroxides. Parteszko (8) also stresses the importance of knowing the peroxide value while evaluating the stability and the quality of the codliver oil which la to be enriched. on the other hand, olir results (tab.i) indicate that the low peroxide value does not always allow one to make conclusions about the vitamin À stability in the oil. It seems necessary, in the light of the above data, to know also the oil's oxidation-resistance, if vve cre to obtain a full picture of the oils 'qualifying for'enrichment. On the basis of the results presented here and 'in our preious publication (4) vie can assume that the time required for the total disintegration of vitamin A in the final product should be ab least one hour in test conditions.

10 7 Considering our fishing industry's difficulty in producing medicinal cod-liver oil containing.not less than 800 I.U. of vitamin A per g, it seetss both right and economical to enrich our cod-liver oils ( Gadus morrhùa) which possess a high oxidationresistance rather than import cod-liver oils which often possess limited stability (4). Conclusions 1. Vitamin A's stability in enriched cod-liver oils depends upon the oil's initial natural resistance to oxidation. 2. Cod-liver oils in which the peroxide value (Lea numter) does not exceed 10 and whose oxidation-resistence measured by the quick ageing test is at least one hour qualify for vitaminenrichment. Literature 5. Krassowska T. Notebook of the Central Laboratory of 3,1ish Industry, E, 3, 19, Collective work: Fish oils and the possibilities of their exploitation in Poland, series D, Institute of '.:ïarine Fisheries, 196:. Pi miennictwo 1. Butler C.: Fishery Leaflet, rnarzec 233, CreQc'h P. V.: Oleaginaux, 11, 223, Erbe S.: Pharm. Zhalle, 3, 154, Kozlowska J.: Acta Pol. Pharm., 6, 545, Krassowska T.: Zeszyt Centr. Laborat. Przem. Rybnego, 5, 3, Loven 1.., Anderson L., Harrison C. V.: Ind., Eng. Chern., 29, 151, Praca zespolowa: Tluszcze rybne i moiliwofci ich wykorzystanta w Polsce, seria D, MIR, Parteszlo V. G.: Apt. Delo, 4, 65, Simons E. J., Buxton L. O., Colman 11. B.: Ind. Eng. Chem., 32, 706, Smith E. L.: Biochem. J., 33, 201, Wodsak W.: Fette u. Seifen, 57, 491,-1955.