Bactrocera invadens: Current status and control

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1 Bactrocera invadens: Current status and control JH VENTER DAFF OCTOBER 2014 Photo:. JH Venter

2 National exotic fruit fly surveillance program Since 2006 Focus on early detection of exotic fruit flies Consists of permanent traps and is serviced 1/month Mainly Methyl Eugenol and Biolure baited traps Forms part of the Strategic plan of DAFF An early warning system against exotic fruit flies such Bactrocera invadens, B. zonata and B. cucurbitae as

3 National exotic fruit fly surveillance program (DAFF role players) Directorate Plant Health (DPH)- Legislation, trapping procedures, action plan for rapid response and control, pest data sheets, coordination, GIS support, training, trap auditing, identification support, data capturing, evaluation and coordination of data, international notification of pest detections Directorate Inspection services (DIS)- Operational support, trap placement, trap servicing and re-baiting, rapid response, execution of relevant legislation, specimen collection and distribution, documentation of field data, removal control, compliance checking and auditing Directorate Food Import and Export Standards (DFIES)- Operational support, promotions and awareness, strategic role player development, meeting arrangements with provincial, local and tribal role players

4 Bactrocera invadens or Bactrocera dorsalis B. dorsalis, B. papaya and B. philippinensis one species B. invadens are also now considered to be the same species as B. dorsalis Taxonomic revision is however still not completed This will have implications in terms of host, distribution range It means B. invadens has a much broader host rangeincludes litchi It also means it has a much wider distribution

5 Distribution of B. invadens and B. dorsalis (Hill et al )

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7 Control of B. invadens This remains a devastating pest with a high infestation rate High numbers will lead to interceptions or PPECB rejections This pest must be controlled by applying diligent sanitation, MAT blocks and bait sprays to keep numbers low Poor orchard sanitation and the application of bait sprays only will lead to high numbers PUC surveillance numbers must indicate to producers to place MAT blocks and additional bait sprays Very few MAT blocks are yet placed by producers in infested areas such as Vhembe and Mopani MAT blocks must be replaced every two months 7

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11 Official control in terms of R110 Removal of host material from an affected requires a permit. 1. Quarantine area where pest is declared present: These areas will be announced in the Gov gazette or by order 2. Quarantine area under eradication Land users receive an official order Control measures apply Three main components (Sanitation, MAT, BAT) 3. Pest free areas (Western Cape) Pest freedom per Production unit (PUC), area surveillance Official recognition is required Monitoring surveys (one-two traps per PUC or per square km)

12 Removal control Aims to reduce the probability that infested fruit is removed to pest free areas All producers in quarantine areas must apply for permits to enable removal of host fruit from production units Permits and/or official orders will include phytosanitary measures to be applied by land users Compliance are checked by DIS inspectors and B. invadens trap catch numbers are monitored Non compliance and/or high trap catch numbers may result in the withdrawal of permits and/or consignments to be rejected at export terminals and fresh produce markets 12

13 Notification and reporting Incursions and eradicated areas are officially reported through the International Phytosanitary Portal (IPP) of the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) in accordance with South Africa s reporting obligations Incursions and eradicated areas are also communicated to trading partners and neighbouring countries such as the USA and Botswana A six monthly or annual report is drafted in terms of the Strategic Plan of the DAFF for the survey and control of B. invadens

14 PUC Surveillance For special markets: Surveillance data must be submitted with registration documents as part of the 2014/15 registration requirements Electronic copies of the data can be sent to PH EWS on the prescribed format For all markets: All producers must continue to implement PUC surveillance for B. invadens Markets such as Botswana, Zimbabwe, Reunion requires pest free area freedom USA pest free areas, grown in isolated structures or treated with an approved post harvest treatment.

15 PUC surveillance continue Each producer have one ME baited trap per 100ha for each PUC Traps must be serviced regularly according to a surveillance procedure Trap numbers are PUC number plus alpha numerical number in case of more than one. Please do not use doringboom or liefie or blok 1 or ruby 1, etc for unique trap numbers Please use the standard trapping forms to fill in the trapping results

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18 Documentation

19 CONTACT DETAILS Aruna Manrakhan: Jan Hendrik Venter:

20 THANK YOU FRUIT FLIES DO NOT WAIT THEY MATE EARLY DETECTION SECURES TRADE