Brief History of the BAM s for paper thickness s pollution measures spm10fem E-BAM developed PM 2.5 FEM
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1 Preliminary PM 2.5 BAM/TEOM/FRM Data Hoke P. Kimball MARAMA Monitoring Meeting Richmond, VA November 17-19, 19, 2008
2 Brief History of the BAM s for paper thickness s pollution measures spm10fem E-BAM developed PM 2.5 FEM
3 Beta Attenuation Carbon 14 beta rays are emitted to a detector. Particles absorb the radiation and the monitor measures the reduction in the Beta count in relation to the Beer-Lambert law.
4 BAM 1020 (Beta Attenuation Monitor) Met One Instruments Grants Pass, Oregon August, 2008
5 FEM Status EPA Granted Federal Equivalent Method (FEM) Status to the BAM 1020 for the Measurement of PM 2.5 on 3/12/08
6 To Maintain FEM Status the BAM 1020 Must: Provide 1-hour Average Concentration Values Provide at Least 18 1-hour Average Values per 24-Hour Period Provide Concentrations Based on Actual Flow (local ambient conditions of Temp./Pressure)
7 To Maintain FEM Status, Cont d Use Firmware Version or Later Use Tape Drive Transport Rev D or later Control Shelter Temperature to within ± 2 Degrees C over any 1-Hour Sampling Period Use a PM 10 Head and a PM 2.5 VSCC
8 To Maintain FEM Status, Cont d Maintain Sample RH < 35% Use a Glass Fiber Filter Tape Sample for 42 Minutes of Each Hour Count Beta Particles For 8 minutes Operate at a Flow Rate of LPM
9 BAM Operational Features Attenuation of Beta Particles Carbon 14 (exempt source) New Filter Spot Every Hour Hourly Zero and Span Checks Filter Tape Good for Two Months Changing g PM Composition Has No Affect On Beta Attenuation Post Filter Analysis Possible Standard Range is ug/m 3
10 Bam Operational Features, Cont d Accuracy (24 hour Average) = ±2 ug Resolution = ± 1 ug/m 3 Maintains Sample Stream RH < 35% Compatible With ESC Data Loggers
11 BX-802 PM 10 Head BX-808 BGI VSCC PM 2.5 Cyclone (optional) BX-596 AT/BP Sensor (or BX-592) Inlet Tube 8119 Seal adds 14.0 adds typical Inlet tube BX-827 or 830 Smart Heater with Mounting insulation Rack BX-902/903 Environment al Enclosure BAM 1020 MET ONE INSTRUMENTS SETUPMODESENSOR CHID TYPE UNITS PREC MULT OFFSET 0100 no V SENSORFSVOLT:1.0 INVSLOPE:NVECT/SCALAR:SMODE:AUTO VECT/SCALAR:SMODE:AUTO ID SAVE IDMODE EXIT -Total Height- 6.6 ft (2.0 meters) without cyclone 7.0 ft (2.1 meters) with cyclone BX-126 Vacuum Pump or equivalent
12 BAM Components
13 Method Comparison (Flow Rate Through Filter) FRM BAM TEOM LPM 16.7 LPM 3.0 LPM
14 Method Comparison, Cont d (PM Collection Time Period) FRM TEOM BAM 24 hours Continuous 1 hr. Readings Continuous 1 Hour
15 Method Comparison, Cont d (Filter Material) FRM TEOM BAM Teflon Teflon Coated Glass Fiber Glass Fiber
16 Method Comparison, Cont d (Filter Conditions) FRM TEOM BAM Subject to Ambient Conditions of Ambient Temp. and RH Operates at 50 Degrees C RH Controlled to 35% or Less
17 Method Comparison, Cont d (Data Availability) FRM TEOM BAM 4-5 Days After Sampling Hourly Hourly
18 TEOM vs BAM vs FRM (February) Millbrook February 25 ug/ /m /4 2/6 2/8 2/10 2/12 2/14 2/16 Date 2/18 2/20 2/22 2/24 2/26 2/28 TEOM BAM FRM
19 TEOM vs BAM vs FRM (March) Millbrook March ug g/m TEOM BAM FRM 3/1 3/4 3/7 3/10 3/13 3/16 3/19 3/22 3/25 3/28 3/31 Date
20 TEOM vs BAM vs FRM (April) Millbrook April ug g/m TEOM BAM FRM 4/1 4/4 4/7 4/10 4/13 4/16 4/19 4/22 4/25 4/28 Date
21 TEOM vs BAM vs FRM (May) Millbrook May ug g/m TEOM BAM FRM 5/1 5/4 5/7 5/10 5/13 5/16 5/19 5/22 5/25 5/28 5/31 Date
22 TEOM vs BAM vs FRM (June) Millbrook June TEOM BAM FRM ug /m 3 6/1 6/3 6/5 6/7 6/9 6/11 6/13 6/15 6/17 6/19 6/21 6/23 6/25 6/27 6/29 Date
23 Data Comparison (Avg. Monthly Concentration, ug/m 3 ) Feb March April May June * June ** FRM TEOM BAM * Includes 6/12/08 Exceptional Event ** Excludes 6/12/08 Exceptional Event
24 Data Comparison, Cont d (Avg. Monthly Conc. Difference vs FRM, ug/m 3 ) Feb March April May June * June ** TEOM BAM * Includes 6/12/08 Exceptional Event ** Excludes 6/12/08 Exceptional Event
25 Data Comparison, Cont d (BAM vs TEOM) Feb March April May June * June ** Avg. ug/m 3 Diff Avg. % Diff * Includes 6/12/08 Exceptional Event ** Excludes 6/12/08 Exceptional Event
26 Data Comparison, Cont d (Exceptional Event of June 12, 2008, FRM vs TEOM vs BAM) FRM TEOM BAM * 24-Hr. Avg., ug/m * BAM Measures Volatile Components Lost by FRM and TEOM
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30 Conclusions (Based on Limited Data) BAM & TEOM* >FRMbyupto20-25% 25% BAM > TEOM by up to 5-6% Including 6/12/08 Exceptional Event Data -BAM & FRM are Significantly Different - BAM & TEOM are not Significantly Different - FRM & TEOM are not Significantly Different Loss of Volatile PM Reason for Difference Need d1y Year of fd Data From the 3P Proposed dsit Sites * TEOM is normally corrected to be FRM-like
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