Tomoko Tanahashi 1, Yasushi Tsuchihashi 3*, Akiyo K. Sakamiya 1 1, 2. and Takeo Yano

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1 Metabolomic approach using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: Quantitative amino acid analysis and characterization of four species of marine fish, and a cuttlefish Tomoko Tanahashi 1, Yasushi Tsuchihashi 3*, Akiyo K. Sakamiya 1 1, 2 and Takeo Yano Metabolomics enables us to detect not only the targeted metabolites but also the nontargeted metabolites. Therefore, it becomes an effective new analytical method for biological materials. This paper reports on the verification of this analytical method based on the metabolomic approach using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The feasibility of this metabolomic approach was tested for analyzing four species of marine fish and a cuttlefish. It was found that: 1) twenty-four kinds of amino acids were quantified as fast as 10 min.; 2) those amino acids were discriminated with some characteristic metabolites being found simultaneously using chemometrics; and 3) the cuttlefish was different in higher amino-acid content and metabolic profile compared with the fishes. As a result, this metabolomic approach is found to be useful for multicomponent analysis of various kinds of seafood species, and it may be applicable for other biological materials such as blood serum. Seafood, Amino acid, Metabolites, Chemometrics, Multi-component analysis

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3 Umeä,

4 Amino acids Calibration Curve Y = ax (10 5 ) b (10 5 ) LOD (nmol/ml) LOQ (nmol/ml) R 2 Alanine* Y = 7.59X Aminoadipic acid Y = 7.75X Anserine Y = 3.28X Arginine Y = 32.99X Asparagine Y = 13.76X Aspartic acid Y = 8.97X Carnosine Y = 4.24X Citrulline Y = 14.09X Cystine Y = 17.19X GABA* Y = 10.40X Glutamine Y = 15.87X Glutamic acid Y = 12.23X Histidine Y = 41.07X Hydroxyproline Y = 19.98X Hydroxylysine Y = 16.09X Isoleucine* Y = 36.02X Lysine Y = 15.55X Methionine Y = 27.30X Methyl-histidine* Y = 43.95X Ornithine Y = 14.59X Phenylalanine Y = 42.68X Phosphoethanolamine Y = 5.67X Proline Y = 25.38X Serine Y = 8.41X Taurine Y = 7.80X Threonine Y = 10.44X Tryptophan Y = 31.50X Tyrosine Y = 21.71X Valine* Y = 62.64X

5 Amino acids Alanine* Aminoadipic acid Anserine Arginine Asparagine Aspartic acid Citrulline GABA* Glutamine Glutamic acid Histidine Hydroxyproline Isoleucine* Lysine Methionine Ornithine Proline Serine Taurine Threonine Tryptophan Tyrosine Valine* Red seabream Yellowtail Bonito Spotted mackerel Cuttlefish (mg/100g fresh weight )

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7 m/z Rt Metabolites Alanine* Proline Valine* Taurine Creatine Isoleucine* Histidine Arginine Octopine Red seabream Yellowtail Spotted mackerel Bonito Cuttlefish Total peak area

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9 Gökmen V Balkan J, Kanba li O, Hatipo lu A, Kücük M, Cevikbaş U, Aykaç-Toker G, Ual M

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