Name Date Score. Skeletal System. Indicate if the following statements are true or false. Correct false statements

Transcription

1 Name Date Score Skeletal System True/False Indicate if the following statements are true or false. Correct false statements 1. Bones surround vital organs to protect them. 2. Bones store most of the calcium supply of the body. 3. The epiphysis is the long shaft of bones. 4. Red marrow is mainly fat cells. 5. The appendicular skeleton forms the main trunk of the body. 6. The cranium is made of 14 bones. 7. The maxilla is the lower jawbone. 8. Foramina are openings in a bone that allow nerves and blood vessels to enter and leave the bone. 9. The last two pairs of ribs are called floating ribs because they have no attachment to the thoracic vertebrae. 10. The clavicles provide attachment of the upper arm bones. 11. Hemopoiesis, or hematopoiesis, is the production of blood cells. 12. There are 28 phalanges in the human body. 13. A saddle joint can be found in the wrist bones. 14. A comminuted fracture will require surgery to reset the bone for proper healing. Multiple Choice Circle the letter of choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 15. The proximal and distal ends of long bones are called the. a. Diaphysis b. Endosteum d. Medullary canal

2 16. The membrane that lines the medullary canal is the. a. Periosteum b. Endosteum d. Diaphysis 17. The are spaces where blood vessels and nerves can move in and out of the bone tissue. a. Ossicles b. Haversian canals d. Medullary cavity 18. Spaces, or soft spots, in the cranium that allow for the enlargement of the skull as brain growth occurs are. a. Fontanels c. Sutures b. Foramina d. Sinuses 19. Areas where the cranial bones have joined together are. a. Fontanels c. Sutures b. Foramina d. Sinuses 20. Vertebrae that are located at the waist are. a. Cervical c. Thoracic b. Lumbar d. Sacral 21. The first 7 pairs of ribs are called. a. False ribs c. True ribs b. Intercostal ribs d. Floating ribs 22. Areas where 2 or more bones join together are. a. Foramina c. Joints b. Sutures d. Ligaments 23. A bone break that pierces or ruptures the skin it is a. a. Depressed fracture c. Simple fracture b. Greenstick fracture d. Compound fracture 24. What is found between at the end of the long bones that is smooth, slippery and bloodless? a. Cartilage c. Ligaments b. Tendons d. Adipose

3 25. On the dorsal surface of the body, floating ribs attach to. a. Lumbar vertebrae c. Thoracic vertebrae b. Sternum d. Nothing 26. A fracture caused when only one side of the shaft is broken and the other is bent is a. a. Comminuted fracture c. Greenstick fracture b. Compression fracture d. Transverse fracture 27. The first step in bone repair is. a. Bone remodeling c. Formation of a bony callus b. Formation of a hematoma d. Formation of a cartilaginous callus 28. What type of cell is responsible for the removing and recycling old bone cells a. Osteoclasts c. Osteocytes b. Osteoblasts d. Matrix 29. Which bone in the axial skeleton does not articulate with any other bones but provides a place for attachment for the tongue? a. Mandible c. Ossicle b. Hyoid d. Xiphoid 30. An example of a flat bone and long bone, respectively, are. a. Patella; Vertebrae c. Carpals; Phalanges b. Skull; Humerus d. Femur; Scapula

4 Short Answer On a separate sheet paper, answer 5 of the following questions, as completely as possible (ALL PARTS). 31. Bone Marrow a. Where is the red bone marrow found? What is its function? b. Where is yellow bone marrow found? What is its function? c. What is different between adult bone marrow and infant bone marrow? 32. Pelvic Bone a. What are the major differences between the male and female pelvic bone? 33. Skeleton a. What are the functions of the skeletal system? b. What bones are found in the axial skeleton? c. What bones are found in the appendicular skeleton? 34. Long Bones a. Label the diagram (Fig 34a). b. Where are the long bones located on the body? c. What is the difference between compact and spongy bone? 35. Fractures a. List and describe the different types of fractures. b. Explain the process of bone repair? 36. Joints a. What are the 3 types of joints found in the human body? b. Name and give an example of each type of synovial joints. 37. Skull a. How many bones are found in the Cranium? Name them. b. How many facial bones are there? Name them. Figure 34a c. What are the 7 bones that do not articulate with the skull but are associated with it?

5 38. Vertebrae a. What are the 3 regions of the vertebra and how many bones are in each? b. What are the intervertebral discs composed of and what is their function? c. Name and describe 4 syndromes of the vertebrae. 39. Disorders a. What are some bone problems an alcoholic might encounter? b. Look up 5 additional problems with the skeletal system and describe them. 40. Super Sleuth: Mrs. Jones, a 56 year-old mother of 6, was hospitalized for a hip fracture. Her husband had noticed that recently her posture had deteriorated. He informed the doctor of this and also the fact that his wife had complained of acute, severe back pains during a recent camping trip. The doctor ordered a series of x-rays, which confirmed his suspicions. a. What disorder did the doctor suspect and why? b. What evidence would the x-ray show to confirm the diagnosis? c. What treatment would be appropriate to arrest the progress of the disease and reduce the risk of future fracture?