Think of the last time you were REALLY nervous.. What does it feel like? PHYSICALLY? PSYCHOLOGICALLY?

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2 Think of the last time you were REALLY nervous.. What does it feel like? PHYSICALLY? PSYCHOLOGICALLY?

3 Anxiety Disorder a state of uneasiness that occurs in response to a vague or imagined danger a. Generalized Anxiety Disorders b. Panic Disorders c. Phobic Disorders d. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder e. Stress Disorders

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5 Generalized? Free-floating Excessive or unrealistic worry about life circumstances 6 months or more I can t get my mind to stop it s driving me crazy!"

6 Biological: Genetics Serotonin & GABA Treatments: Anti-anxiety meds (Valium) SSRI s

7 Cognitive-Behavioral Symptoms get worse when stressed Alter thinking patterns: How can we change this? He s late - he was supposed to be here 20 minutes ago! Oh my, he must have been in an accident! Relaxation techniques

8 Period of intense fear Symptoms Shortness of breath, dizziness, rapid heart rate, shaking, sweating, choking, nausea, & / or other distressing discomfort.

9 Biological: Genetics Serotonin & GABA Suffocation Alarm Mechanism (medulla) misfires SSRI s

10 Cognitive-Behavioral Stressful life events Alter thinking patterns It is only uneasiness, it will pass. Relaxation techniques

11 Claustrophobia - Fear of enclosed spaces Acrophobia - Fear of heights Arachnophobia - Fear of spiders Zoophobia - Fear of animals

12 Glossophobia- Fear of speaking in public or of trying to speak. Bibliophobia- Fear of books. Coulrophobia- Fear of clowns. Cyclophobia- Fear of bicycles. Ergophobia- Fear of work

13 Specific : 6 months You know it is unreasonable AVOIDANCE!

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16 Hippopotomonstrosesquipedaliophobia

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18 Fear: can t escape Avoid: being alone outside of the home, in a car, or crowded area.

19 Behavioral (learned) EXPOSURE therapy Systematic desensitization Flooding

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22 Performance (scrutiny by others); fear of embarrassment 6 months

23 ..."Being in show business, it was embarrassing to come out with this disorder, which at the time I didn't even know what it was called. I just thought I was crazy. I can't even tell you how important it is to know that you aren't alone and others have suffered and gotten through it." Donny Osmond

24 Obsessions: repetitive thoughts Know they are illogical Examples: contamination, symmetry THOUGHTS CREATE ANXIETY

25 Compulsions: actions Reduce the distress Reinforces behavior Example: hand washing, checking, praying, counting, repeating words silently

26 Howie Mandel Howard Hughes " In my mind [my hand] is like a petri dish Otherwise I would spend the day, as I have in the past in my life in the men's room rubbing and scrubbing and scalding

27 Biology Serotonin Anterior cingulate cortex (hyperactive) Genetics SRI s (Anafranil) SSRI s (Prozac, Luvox)

28 Behaviorism Learned behaviors; reinforced (like superstitions) Exposure therapy

29 Trauma Combat, personal assault (terrorism, rape, natural disasters) Fear, helplessness, horror Re-experiences trauma (replay memory, dreams, acting/feeling like event is happening again)

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31 SSRI s Exposure therapy Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing (EMDR) Talk about event, focus on other stimuli (eye movements, hand taps, or sounds) Controversial

32 III. Types of Psych Disorders Causes of Anxiety Disorders 1. Psychodynamic - repressed urges that surface abnormally as obsessions & compulsive behavior(no longer believed) 2. Learning Theorist - phobias are learned in childhood through association - Learned by watching parents get scared

33 III. Types of Psych Disorders 3. Cognitive View - - People feel helpless to control situations. Creates Anxiety 4. Biological View - Genetics - Twin studies show a 45% chance of anxiety in both twins Both - Panic disorder: may be biologically prone to overreact w/panic. After 1st panic, fear of another panic attack takes over

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