Socio-culture and Psychological Determinants of Behavior. Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3

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1 Socio-culture and Psychological Determinants of Behavior Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 1

2 DESCRIPTION This chapter will discuss the socio culture and psychological variables such as motivation, perception that influence behavior. Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 2

OBJECTIVES General objective: Student can explain the socio culture and psychological variables such as motivation, perception that influence behavior Specific objectives : Student can explain the

3 OBJECTIVES General objective: Student can explain the socio culture and psychological variables such as motivation, perception that influence behavior Specific objectives : Student can explain the influence of socio culture on health behavior Student can explain the influence of perception on health behavior Student can explain the influence motivation on health behavior Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 3

4 Socio-cultural aspects covers: Sociology Anthropology Psychology Another social sciences (economy, mass communication, law, etc) Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 4

5 Society GL Gillin & JP Gillin : A big group of people who have habits, attitudes, traditions, and the same feeling of unity Elements of society : 1. Social unity 2. Social institutions Koentjaraningrat, 1996 Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 5

6 Culture Culture is overall strength and the result of human behavior, that is arranged by pattern behavior which must be acquired by learning process and it provide in the community Koentjaraningrat, 1996 Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 6

7 THE UNIVERSAL ELEMENTS OF CULTURE Cultural elements that always be found in all culture in the world : 1. Religiosity system 2. Community organizations system 3. Knowledge system 4. Language 5. Art 6. Livelihood 7. Technology & equipment Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 7

8 Why does the health worker must study socio-cultural? Most of the health behavior related with socio-cultural elements Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 8

9 A concept to study the culture in society: 1. Avoid the ethnocentrism. It is the attitude that claimed the other behavior is worse than the own culture. 2. The community who live in their own culture usually are not aware belonging the culture, except if they entering the other culture 3. Variability on cultural change (the ones more difficult to change than another) 4. Cultural elements are interrelated Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 9

10 Socio-cultural aspect that influence healthy behavior and health status 1. Age 2. Sex 3. Job 4. Socio-economic 5. etc Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 10

11 Social Factors that influence to health behavior (H. Ray Elling, GM Foster) 1. Self concept 2. Group s image 3. Individual identification toward their social group Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 11

12 Cultural aspect that influence health status 1. The influence of tradition 2. The influence of fatalistic attitude 3. The influence of ethnocentric attitude 4. The influence of the esteem status 5. The influence of norm 6. The influence of value 7. The influence of cultural elements that learned in the beginning of socialization process 8. The influence of innovation consequences Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 12

13 Socio-cultural change are divided into : The SOONER and LATER change SMALL and BIG influences PLANNED and UNPLANNED change Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 13

14 THE REQUIREMENT OF INOVATION: Perceived need to change of the community The change must be understand and controlled by the community The change can be learned The change giving the benefit in the future The change do not alter the individual prestige and groups Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 14

15 The basic condition of individual to have willingness to change their health behavior (GM Foster) Individuals should be aware of the need for change Individuals must get the information about how is the need can be fulfilled Individuals know where is the service, that need can be fulfilled and cost Individuals do not get the negative punishment Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 15

16 Perception and Motivation that Influencing Health Behavior

17 WE DON T SEE THINGS AS THEY ARE, WE SEE THINGS AS WE ARE.

18 Word Color Test In this test DO NOT READ the words, say aloud the COLOR of each word. YELLOW BLUE ORANGE BLACK RED GREEN PURPLE YELLOW RED ORANGE GREEN BLACK BLUE RED PURPLE GREEN BLUE ORANGE

20 Perception The process we use to interpret sensory data (Lahlry, 1991). Sensory data comes to us through our five senses.

22 Perceptual Process Receiving Stimuli (External & Internal) Selecting Stimuli External factors : Nature, Location,Size,contrast, Movement,repetition,similarity Internal factors : Learning, needs,age,interest, Interpreting Attribution,Stereotyping, Halo Effect, Projection Organizing Figure Background, Perceptual Grouping ( similarity, proximity, closure, continuity) Response Covert: Attitudes, Motivation, Feeling Overt: Behavior Organizational Behavior / Perception 22

23 The Type of Perception Influence STRUCTURAL EFFECT Physical aspects of stimuli that come to someone FUNCTIONAL EFFECT Psychological factors that influence the perception of someone subjectivity

24 A B

25 The Factors that Influenced Perception External factors Contrast Intensity Repetition Something new (novelty) Something that attended by many people Internal factors Experience / knowledge Hope / expectation Needs Motivation Emotion Culture

26 Factors that Influence Perception Organizational Behavior 26 26

27 In perceiving an object of observation, the stimulus will be organized under the laws of grouping proximity similarity simplicity good figure continuation law of closure law of common fate

28 THEOPPORTUNITYISNOWHERE

29 Organizational Behavior / Perception 29

30 Organizational Behavior / Perception 30

31 Organizational Behavior / Perception 31

32 Organizational Behavior / Perception 32

33 Organizational Behavior / Perception 33

34 Organizational Behavior / Perception 34

35 Organizational Behavior / Perception 35

36 Organizational Behavior / Perception 36

37 Organizational Behavior / Perception 37

38 Organizational Behavior / Perception 38

40 DEFINITION OF MOTIVATION "to move Power that moves somone to action A group of phenomena that affect the nature, strength, determination & human behavior (Quinn, 1995) The interaction between people and environment that increasing, decreasing or maintaining the behavior (John Elder, et al, 1998)

41 Motivation Aproach 1. Intrinsic approach 2. Fulfilled of Needs Approach 3. Incentives approach 4. Arousal approach 5. Cognitive approach

42 Motivation to healthy behavior Skill deficit trainning Performance deficit reinforcement to improve behavior, punishment to reduce behavior

43 Healthy Behavior is Difficult, because: Impact is happened in a long period of time It may not affect a disease, only to prevent It is more difficult to motivate healthy people than sick people. Environment is very influential

44 References Kontjajaningrat. Pengantar Ilmu Antropologi Jilid 1. Rineka Cipta. Jakarta Notoatmodjo, Soekidjo. Promosi Kesehatan; Teori dan Praktek. PT Rineka Cipta. Jakarta Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 44

45 Thanks much! Health Behavior: CHAPTER 3 45

Practice Test Questions

Practice Test Questions Multiple Choice 1. Which term is most descriptive of the process of sensation? a. transportation c. selection b. interpretation d. transduction 2. Which terms are most descriptive