Psychology Session 4 Relationships

Transcription

1 Psychology Session 4 Relationships Date: September 30 th, 2016 Course instructor: Cherry Chan Mothercraft College

2 Agenda 1. Relationships at work setting 2. Intimacy 3. Attraction

3 Power The ability to achieve desired outcomes Legitimate power: people in higher positions; authority figures Reward power: ability to provide others with desired outcomes Expert power: have expertise or technical knowledge (Hitt, Colella, & Miller, 2015, p.395)

4 Leadership The process of providing general direction and influencing individuals or groups to achieve goals (p.244) Traits of leaders Physical characteristics (height, appearance) Personal characteristics (self-esteem, dominance) Abilities (intelligence, tolerance for stress) (Hitt et al., 2015)

5 Leadership Individual leadership traits were not consistently related to organizational performance because different situations require different traits. What are some leadership traits for a child care center supervisor in Toronto specifically? (Hitt et al., 2015)

6 Leadership Traits Drive: ambition, persistence, and initiative Motivation: a person s desire to lead, influence others, assume responsibility, and gain power Integrity: maintain consistency between what they say and what they do Self-confidence: Able to learn from their mistakes, react positively to stress, and remain even-tempered and display appropriate emotions Cognitive ability: intelligent Knowledge of domain: knowledge in the area they are leading allows leaders to make better decisions, anticipate future problems, and understand the implications of their actions (Hitt et al., 2015, p.245)

7 Thinking Exercise 3 1. What is your view on leadership? What does a leader look like to you? 2. Choose 1 to answer from below: If you see yourself in a leadership position in the future, describe the type of leader you would like to be. What types of leadership traits to you possess to help you become a strong leader? If you would like to work under the guidance of a leader, describe the type of leader you would like to work with. What types of leadership traits does that leader possess?

8 Why do we need relationships? Maslow: Hierarchy of Needs Intimacy and love is above physiological needs and safety Intimacy: closeness between two people What does intimacy look like? How do you express love? (Strong & Cohen, 2014)

9 Feminization of Love Culture influences the way we see love. This affects our understanding of how men and women love. Women express love through instrumental displays (nurturing, caregiving) more than expressive displays (telling others how much they care). Is this true? How about men?

10 Is this true? Women Talk things through Sharing love and affection Expressing warm feeling Men Sex Being physically close Problem solve when encountering negative emotions (Strong & Cohen, 2014)

11 First Impressions Primacy effect: The likelihood that an overall impression or judgment of another will be influenced more by the first information received about that person than by information that comes later In what situations does the primacy effect play a role? (Wood et al., 2017, p. 278)

12 Attraction What are some qualities of people you like? Proximity: geographically close to someone Reciprocal liking Similarity Attractiveness Halo effect: the attribution of other favourable qualities to those who are attractive (i.e. they are more exciting, personable, socially desirable (Wood et al., 2017, p. 280)

13 Explaining Attraction Mere-exposure effect: The tendency of people to develop a more positive evaluation of some person, object, or other stimulus with repeated exposure to it Matching hypothesis: The notion that people tend to have spouses, lovers, or friends who are similar to themselves in social assets such as physical attractiveness (Wood et al., 2017, p. 281)

14 Google: Socrative Student Room: AYHFPCNR If you can only choose 3 qualities in your partner, what would you choose? A. Success B. Looks C. Supportive D. Sense of humour E. Dependable F. Makes compromises G. Good communicator

15 Gender Differences Women Women tend to seek older men who have more resources and status Strong chin, mature features (social dominance) Men Youth and beauty (health and reproductive potential) (Kenrick, Neuberg, & Cialdini, 2015)

16 References Kenrick, D.T., Neuberg, S.L., & Cialdini, R.B. (2015). Social psychology (6 th ed.). New York, NY: Pearson Education. Strong, B., & Cohen, T.F. (2014). The marriage and family experience: Intimate relationships in a changing society. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. Wood, S.E., Wood, E.G., Boyd, D., Wood, E., & Desmarais, S. (2017). The world of psychology (8 th Canadian ed). Toronto, ON: Pearson Canada