COGS Advanced Topics in Cognitive Science Emotion, Control of Cognition, & Dynamic Decision Making

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Clifford Black
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1 COGS-6962 Advanced Topics in Cognitive Science Emotion, Control of Cognition, & Dynamic Decision Making

2 Week 02 Dolan, R. J. (2002). Emotion, cognition, and behavior. Science, 298(5596), Simon, H. A. (1967). Motivational and emotional controls of cognition. Psychological Review, 74, (Sims and Deepa) Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1990). Origins and functions of positive and negative affect: A controlprocess view. Psychological Review, 97(1), (Myers and Dan) 2

3 Next Week (03) Main Reading Ortony, A., & Turner, T. J. (1990). Whats Basic About Basic Emotions. Psychological Review, 97(3), (Myers and Deepa) Responses Ekman, P. (1992). Are There Basic Emotions. Psychological Review, 99(3), (Hans) Izard, C. E. (1992). Basic Emotions, Relations among Emotions, and Emotion Cognition Relations. Psychological Review, 99(3), (Sims) Panksepp, J. (1992). A Critical Role for Affective Neuroscience in Resolving What Is Basic About Basic Emotions. Psychological Review, 99(3), (wdg) Turner, T. J., & Ortony, A. (1992). Basic Emotions - Can Conflicting Criteria Converge. Psychological Review, 99(3), (Myers & Deepa) 3

4 Dolan 1. Is this important? 2002) 2. Why is it cited as much as it is? (32 times since 3. Does it relate to our research? Should our research and papers take this paper into account? 4

5 Dolan: Intro emotions represent complex psychological and physiological states that, to a greater or lesser degree, index occurrences of value Emotion exerts a powerful influence on reason and, in ways neither understood nor systematically researched, contributes to the fixation of belief 5

6 Dolan: Intro Emotions as psychological experiences have unique qualities Unlike most psychological states emotions are embodied and manifest in uniquely recognizable, and stereotyped, behavioral patterns of facial expression, comportment, and autonomic arousal They are less susceptible to our intentions than other psychological states insofar as they are often triggered, in the words of James, in advance of, and often in direct opposition of our deliberate reason concerning them Emotions are less encapsulated than other psychological states as evident in their global effects on virtually all aspects of cognition 6

7 Dolan: EP&A Emotional stimuli are detected faster (attentional blink) Detected in cases where regular stimuli are not Evidence that emotional stimuli are processed before operation of selective attention? (Preattentive processing) Amygdala 7

8 Dolan Fig. 1. An emotional-perceptualmemory circuit in the human brain. The amygdala (red), an anterior medial temporal lobe structure, is a crucial structure in registering emotional occurrences. Extensive connection (arrows) to visual cortex (orange) and hippocampus (blue) allows amygdala to modulate their function and facilitate perceptual and memory functions in those regions. 8

9 Dolan: Emo, Mem, & Lrng Strong and well documented effect of emotion on memory Amygdala important for this 9

10 Dolan: Emo and Subjective Feeling States One problem that confronts human emotion research is a conflation of mechanisms indexing the occurrence of an emotional event, which may include automatic response repertoires, referred to as emotion, and their subjective or experiential counterparts, referred to as feelings 10

11 Dolan: Feelings Feelings are defined as mental representations of physiological changes that characterize and are consequent upon processing emotion- eliciting objects or states. 11

12 Dolan: Feelings Emotions are immediate Feelings are longer-term Brain structure evidence for this separation 12

13 Fig. 2. Brain regions implicated in emotional experience include orbitofrontal cortex (yellow), insular cortex ( purple), and anterior (blue) and posterior (green) cingulate cortices. The amygdala (red) is involved in linking perception with automatic emotional responses and memory. 13

14 Dolan: Emo & DMg evocation of past feeling states biases the decisionmaking process, toward or away from a particular behavioral option 14

15 Dolan 1. Is this important? 2002) 2. Why is it cited as much as it is? (32 times since 3. Does it relate to our research? Should our research and papers take this paper into account? 15

16 Week 02 General Reading Dolan, R. J. (2002). Emotion, cognition, and behavior. Science, 298(5596), (4 pages; cited 32 times) Main Course -- Historic perspective Simon, H. A. (1967). Motivational and emotional controls of cognition. Psychological Review, 74, (11 pages; cited 197 times) Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1990). Origins and functions of positive and negative affect: A control-process view. Psychological Review, 97(1), (17 pages; cited 378 times) 16

Emotion Lecture 26 1

Emotion Lecture 26 1 The Trilogy of Mind Immanuel Kant (1791); Hilgard (1980) There are three absolutely irreducible faculties of mind: knowledge, feeling, and desire. Cognition Knowledge and Beliefs Emotion