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1 B Natural Selection Learning Outcome: 1. Variation within a population makes it possible for a population to evolve over time. 2. Natural selection (survival of the fittest) occurs when more offspring are produced than the can support. 3. Only the best adapted individuals survive to reproduce, passing on the genes that give them a selective advantage. Watch mec 1
2 Natural Selection In 1858 Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell Wallace published a joint paper suggesting that natural selection fuels evolution. Later Darwin produced his book The Origin of Species. Darwin s theory Charles Darwin Alfred Russell Wallace
3 Copy Slide Natural Selection Natural selection is the survival of those organisms best adapted to their. Those with a favourable characteristic will have a selective advantage and survive (i.e. the survival of the fittest.)
4 Rabbits for example struggle to survive what?
5 Which offspring survive? X Many offspring struggle to survive. etc. THE FITTEST!
6 Natural selection More offspring are produced than the can support Inherited variation means that organisms are different from each other Death from disease. Struggle for survival. Death due to inability to survive abiotic al conditions. Death due to inability to compete for scarce food or other resources. Death from predation. Only the fittest survive -Survival of fittest. The fittest offspring mate and pass on the favoured characteristics to their offspring. More offspring are produced than the can support
7 B Natural Selection Natural Selection Simulation Activity 2, page 7 7
8 Natural Selection Extension Activity Collect show me board Rearrange the numbers into the correct order 1. Inherited variation means that organisms are different from each other. 2. Sexual reproduction produces more offspring than the can support. 3. The fittest offspring reach reproductive age and pass on the favoured characteristics. 4. Survival of the fittest - only the fittest offspring survive 5. Sexual reproduction produces more offspring than the can support. 6. Offspring struggle for survival (2 or 5), 1, 6, 4, 3, (5 or 2) 8
9 Natural Selection Extension Activity 1. Sexual reproduction produces more offspring than the can support 2. Inherited variation means that organisms are different from each other 3. Offspring struggle for survival 4. Survival of the fittest - only the fittest offspring survive 5. The fittest reach reproductive age and pass on the favoured characteristics. 6. Sexual reproduction produces more offspring than the can support. 9
10 An Example of Natural Selection You need to be able to give an example of Natural Selection in action Mutant moth Pre-Industrial Revolution Pre-Industrial Revolution 10
11 Natural Selection Example 1. Sexual reproduction produces more offspring than the can support 2. Inherited variation means that there are 2 forms of the peppered moth. 3. The moths struggle for survival. 4. Survival of the fittest - only the moths best suited to the will survive 5. These moths reach reproductive age and pass on the favoured characteristics. Pre Industrial revolution No pollution, lots of lichens on tree barks, favoured light peppered moth as they were camouflaged against the lichens. The dark moths were eaten by predators. Post Industrial revolution Lots of pollution, no lichens on the barks of trees, favoured dark peppered moth as they were now camouflaged. The light moths were eaten by predators. Clean Air Act Less pollution, lots of lichens on trees, favoured light peppered moth as they were 11 camouflaged. The dark moths were eaten by predators.
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