Nutrition: Fads and Facts. To Believe.Or Not To Believe?

Transcription

1 Nutrition: Fads and Facts To Believe.Or Not To Believe?

2 Conflict of Interest: *I have no actual or potential Conflict of Interest in relation to this presentation

3 1 pill, 3x daily for 6 weeks Guaranteed Weight Loss! Increases Metabolism and Energy! Over 20,000 bottles sold (since being on the Dr Oz show) Order within the next 12 hours and get 2 bottles for the price of one (just $19.99) and a free water bottle!! For men and women *(18 yrs and older)

4 6 weeks after Nutri- Zam!! Individual Results may vary

5 Why Do Our Patients Believe In Nutrition Fads (Products/Diets)?

6 Our Patients Believe In Nutrition Fads (Products/Diets) Because..Not only do they WANT to achieve the desired outcomes claimed by these products but they are told by Health Professionals such as ourselves that they HAVE to achieve the desired outcomes (such as weight loss) to maintain or improve their health (such as diabetes control)

7 What Has Happened To The Basic Concepts Of Healthy Eating? 3 Meals per day Spaced 4-6 hours apart Balanced (¾ food groups) Watch Portions Don t forget physical activity!

8 Nutrition Fads and Facts: Magical Supplements Garcinia Cambogia The fruit that grows from the Garcinia Cambogia plant in Southeast Asia Used in investigations for weight loss Active ingredient is Hydroxycitric acid (HCA): 30% of the fruit 3 studies (all 3 months duration) looking at HCA for body weight and fat mass loss. Double blind trial (89 subjects), Placebo controlled trial (135 subjects), and 12 week randomized, double blind placebo controlled trial (145 subjects) *Garcinia Cambogia failed to produce significant weight loss and fat mass loss beyond that observed with placebo

9 Nutrition Fads and Facts: Magical Supplements Raspberry Ketones Aromatic compounds found in red raspberry fruits that are responsible for the aroma of raspberries Used for stimulating weight loss Ushiki et al study: 4 weeks of supplementation showed improved loss of body weight and body fat by speeding up lipolysis Raspberry ketones also shown to depress triglyceride levels Concern: Interaction with many other medications

10 Nutrition Fads and Facts: Magical Supplements Raspberry Ketones Due to a large number of drug- interactions and safety pre- cautions with the use of Raspberry Ketones, the risks appear to outweigh the potential benefits There is limited regulation of weight loss supplements, therefore finding a Pure Raspberry Ketone extract supplement could prove difficult *Preliminary research does indicate potential weight loss benefits with Pure Raspberry Ketones *There is currently not enough high quality research available to draw any definite conclusions at this point in time.

11 Nutrition Fads and Facts: Magical Supplements PGX Singles or Softgels contain PolyGlycoplex: Powerful soluble fiber derived from konjac root Absorbs a very high amount of water compared to its weight and forms a gel Claims to promote healthy bloods sugars, support appetite control and curb food cravings Promote that PGX is not like other supplements which promise a magical change in metabolism or fat that melts away Take 2-750mg softgels before each meal or 1- single packet sprinkled on food or in a glass of water

12 Nutrition Fads and Facts: Magical Supplements PGX Systematic review of 4 randomized clinical trials (217 participants) RCT s varied in the quality of their reporting, small sample size, few studies, and funded by a single manufacturer Not tested for safety so unknown safety of long term use Unregulated so content may vary from label description *The evidence from available RCT s does not indicate that PGX intake caused reduction in body weight or blood sugars. PGX may reduce total and LDL cholesterol.so does foods with soluble fiber J

13 Nutrition Fads and Facts: Magical Diets Wheat Belly Diet Based on anti- wheat claims made by author Dr William Davis Cardiologist from Milwaukee who was trying to lose a few pounds to help fight his type 2 diabetes He argues wheat has killed more people than all wars combined and is responsible for an array of diseases such as Diabetes and Crohns Frankenwheat genetically modified monster Davis claims..wheat is addictive(based on one study on dead rats- 1979) Davis claims..wheat is linked to Schizophrenia (one poorly conducted study in 1966 and after 50 years of research in this area, no study supports this)

14 Nutrition Fads and Facts: Magical Diets Wheat Belly Diet The research identifies that a wheat free diet may actually make weight loss more difficult Any weight loss can usually be attributed to limiting food options and the removal of many foods Non- Celiac Gluten Sensitivity(NCGS)- IBS symptoms. Controversy in literature around whether it is gluten or rather fructans (FODMAP S) Wheat free products are more expensive and often higher fat, salt and sugar to make up for the lost elasticity from gluten Diet is usually short term and re- introduction of wheat causes GI upset and additional weight gain *The evidence indicates there is no quality research supporting that wheat free (gluten free) foods will benefit an individual who doesn t have Celiac Disease

15 Nutrition Fads and Facts: Magical Diets Ideal Protein Diet Comprehensive weight loss method which evolved 20 years ago by Dr. Tien- not just a simple product 4 phase program guided by an assigned personal weight loss coach (?) Believes carbohydrates can prevent weight loss so restriction occurs until 100% of weight loss is achieved Core principle of the Ideal Protein Protocol is to deplete glycogen stores completely, in order to compel the body into consuming its fat reserve Ideal Protein Foods (puddings,bars,soups,drinks,pasta) are made with high quality protein which has an impact on effective protein absorption- prevents you from burning your muscle along with fat Ideal Protein nutrient rich- supplements replace those normally found in foods which are restricted.approx $100/week!

16 Nutrition Fads and Facts: Magical Diets Ideal Protein Diet Research in the area of protein, carbohydrate (type of carbohydrate) has been controversial owing to the lack of large scale studies with high diet adherence Study using rats (Jan 2015) 2 months duration. Used a control diet/ Western diet and low carbohydrate, high protein diet. Rats on LCHP diet (52.4% protein)had a 2 fold higher kidney weight and 54.5% higher creatinine level than other groups. LCHP decreased rat s body weight however kidney damage was observed Another study (104 pts) looked at body weight and glucose metabolism with a Low carb/high protein diet vs. Standard diet over 9 mnths. No difference in body weight but glucose metabolism improved in Low carb/high protein group Study by Mattos et al (March 2015) analyzed association protein intake and BP. Cross sectional study of 121 pts with type 2 diabetes. High protein intake and meat consumption higher than 3.08g/kg weight per day more than doubled the chance for uncontrolled BP

17 Nutrition Fads and Facts: Magical Diets Ideal Protein Diet * Quality evidence appears to be lacking at this point in time. * Potential negative impact on kidneys and blood pressure * No carbohydrate intake provides concern (especially for diabetes). Weight loss coach not a specialized health professional *Weight loss observed is likely due to the elimination of extra foods not due to the high protein diet itself. * Expensive *Short term adherence * Focus should be on all foods in moderation!! Enables long term success versus a short term fix.

18 Nutrition Fads and Facts: Magical Foods The Coconut Craze- Coconut Oil Miracle food that boosts metabolism and the immune system Coconut oil is 90% saturated fat/60% being MCT oil Recent research has shown some types of saturated fats can be less harmful; like the MCT found in coconut oil. Believed MCT are absorbed differently and are more easily digested and don t worsen or improve cholesterol levels. Only one published study looked at coconut oil and weight loss (no wt loss occurred ) Study by Accera tested a powder consisting of 100% MCT s extracted from Coconut oil on 140 mild to moderate Alzheimer s patients. Randomized patients on MCT oil did not score better than placebo takers Only one study done in last 17 yrs on Coconut oil and Heart Disease. Young men and women were fed 20% of their calories from coconut oil for 5 weeks. LDL 8% increase and HDL 7% increase. Just because HDL increased with LDL doesn t mean its healthy!

19 Nutrition Fads and Facts: Magical Foods The Coconut Craze- Coconut Oil *There is not credible evidence that coconut oil can help you lose weight. Any weight loss is attributed to MCT oil (100% MCT) and coconut oil is only 60% MCT. Need further good quality research to prove this speculation *This highly saturated oil cannot be recommended to promote heart health as it increases LDL with HDL. There is limited research on heart health and coconut oil in humans. It is not recommended that polyunsaturated fats such as olive, canola, peanut and safflower oil be replaced with coconut oil *There is not credible evidence at this time that coconut oil can help cure Alzheimer s disease

20 Nutrition Fads and Facts: Magical Foods The Coconut Craze- Coconut Water The fluid extracted from immature coconuts. Used in tropical areas for oral and intravenous hydration due to limited access to clean water. Currently promoted as a low calorie, rehydrating beverage for after exercise Evidence shows it has no additional benefits over using water for short duration exercise(less than 90 min) There is no evidence for drinking coconut water for longer duration exercise due to its very low carbohydrate content and low sodium content *Caution: potential unsafe potassium levels (8 ounce glass could contain mg)

21 Nutrition Fads and Facts: Magical Foods The Coconut Craze- Coconut Milk The fluid extracted from the meaty part of the coconut Fortified with Vit D and some other nutrients but contains less than 1/3 the amount of calcium that is found in cow s milk and very little protein Coconut milk is safe for consumption in moderation; however, should not replace cow s milk for children who are still growing because it puts them at risk for deficiencies for many important vitamins, minerals and protein *1 cup coconut milk: Approx. 1 gm protein/ 10% daily recommendation for calcium *1 cup 1% cow s milk: Approx. 8 gm protein/30-35% daily recommendation for calcium

22 Nutrition Fads and Facts: Magical Foods Avocado Oil By cold pressing avocados, a very high quality oil is produced with very low levels of acidity and oxidation products while retaining vitamin E Extremely high in monounsaturated fats while lower in saturated fats than Olive Oil Also has a sitosterol content which is likely to have a beneficial effect on CHD *Due to high MUFA and low saturated fats, Avocado oil has been proven to aid in the presence of heart disease and diabetes, as well as the potential management of prostate cancer. The only downfall is that it is more expensive in comparison to olive oil Moderation

23 Nutrition Fads and Facts: Magical Foods Cinnamon Research indicates cinnamon could play a role in lowering or maintaining normal blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes Results are very inconsistent. Indicates a connection but strength of the connection is unsure Requires more research using larger populations who are followed for a longer period of time to fully understand the effects of cinnamon and blood glucose control *Cinnamon tastes good, is cheap to purchase and doesn t present any health concerns so no harm in trying this one!!

24 Helping Our Patients Understand Nutrition Fads and Facts Get them to answer the following questions 1) Is this an ad for a product and/or company? 2) Is it based on a personal success story or celebrity diet? 3) Does it sound to0 good to be true ( miracle )? 4) Is it promising a quick fix? 5) Is it using scare tactics in their favor? (Ex. Contains the same chemicals as plastic or 5 foods you should never eat!)

25 Helping Our Patients Understand Nutrition Fads and Facts Remind them that: 1) Natural and herbal does not mean credible (Snake venom is natural) 2) Blogs and Websites can be created by anyone 3) Just because someone of influence says it, doesn t mean it is true! Good science takes years for credible/valid/reliable results!

26 The Real Nutrition Fact (not a Fad). The Basics Concepts of Healthy Eating *3 meals/day spaced 4-6 hrs apart *Balanced (3/4 food groups) *Portions/Physical activity

27 Nutrition: Fads and Facts To Believe.Or Not To Believe? If I was able to wave a magic wand and make your diabetes disappear, what would you have to eat at your next meal?? I would eat the same way that I have been eating as this is what I enjoy now. This is who I am!! **This is truly a lifestyle change; not a quick fix J

28 Thank- You!!