Effect of fungicide timing and wheat varietal resistance on Mycosphaerella graminicola and its sterol 14 α-demethylation-inhibitorresistant

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Baldwin Nichols
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1 Effect of fungicide timing nd whet vrietl resistnce on Mycospherell grminicol nd its sterol 14 α-demethyltion-inhiitorresistnt genotypes Didierlurent L., Roisin-Fichter C., Snssené J., Selim S. Pltform of Biotechnology, GIS PhyNoPi, Institut Polytechnique LSlle Beuvis

2 Bckground Mycospherell grminicol (nmorph Septori tritici) is the cusl gent of Septori lef lotch (SLB), which is regrded s mjor disese of whet worldwide. It hs long incution period (2-3 weeks efore symptom ppering).

Pycnidio-spores Bckground Mycospherell grminicol (nmorph Septori tritici) is the cusl gent of Septori lef lotch (SLB), which is regrded s mjor disese of

3 Pycnidio-spores Bckground Mycospherell grminicol (nmorph Septori tritici) is the cusl gent of Septori lef lotch (SLB), which is regrded s mjor disese of whet worldwide. Epidemics initite y scospores, then develop vi rinsplsh of conidi, from the ottom nd upwrds in the plnt F-1 F F-2 Primry inoculum y scospores

4 Bckground Mycospherell grminicol (nmorph Septori tritici) is the cusl gent of Septori lef lotch (SLB), which is regrded s mjor disese of whet worldwide. Epidemics cn cuse 3 4% losses in yield, especilly when the top two or three leves ecome infected. Er Flg lef (F) (F-1) (F-2) These leves re importnt for grin filling (F-3) (F-4) Contriution to yield (%) SYNGENTA whet technicl updte, My 212

5 Bckground Mycospherell grminicol (nmorph Septori tritici) is the cusl gent of Septori lef lotch (SLB), which is regrded s mjor disese of whet worldwide. The ppliction of fungicides is the most common method used for controlling this pthogen. Over the pst 2 yers, the sterol 14 α-demethyltion inhiitors (DMIs) considered s the key fungicide gents. But, significnt chnges in the sensitivity of M. grminicol strins towrd DMI-fungicides hve een widely reported in the recent yers. This sensitivity is chrcterized y point nd deletion muttions in the CYP51 gene tht encodes the sterol 14 α- demethylse. T2 T1 T3

6 Bckground M. grminicol field isoltes were clssified into four min phenotypic clsses: wild-type (TriS), low DMI-resistnt genotypes (TriLR), moderte (TriMR), (ctully, the predominnt strins; R6, R7-, R7+) high (TriHR) levels of resistnce to DMI-fungicides 6 Leroux nd Wlker, PMS, 21

7 Bckground SNP-specific intentionl mismtch primer of ech DMI-resistnt genotype of M. grminicol Selim, JPP, 29 7

Reduced numer of fungicide pplictions 4.

8 Bckground Strtegies tht generlly reduce resistnce development: 1. Correct timing of fungicide ppliction 2. Correct dosge 3. Reduced numer of fungicide pplictions 4. Fungicide mixtures (with different mode of ction) 5. Alterntive control method (vrietl resistnce, Elicitors,... etc) 8

9 Ojective Strtegies tht generlly reduce resistnce development: 1. Correct timing of fungicide ppliction 2. Correct dosge 3. Reduced numer of fungicide pplictions 4. Fungicide mixtures (with different mode of ction) 5. Alterntive control method (vrietl resistnce, Elicitors,... etc) To investigte the response of M. grminicol to: fungicide ppliction timing - in its recommended dose - in only one ppliction - only one fungicide (Prothioconzole) whet vrietl resistnce

10 Dul Full dose * Single Dose Appliction type Method i. Fungicide ppliction timing: Growth stge (GS) Modlity Dte of fongicide ppliction Orvntis Mxwell M1 8/4/28 At full emergence of lef four (F-3) M2 22/4/28 At full emergence of lef three (F-2) M3 28/4/28 At full emergence of lef two (F-1) M4 13/5/28 At full emergence of the flg lef (F) M5 22/4/8 nd 13/5/8 (F-2 & F) 33 nd nd 39 Hlf dose M6 22/4/8 nd 13/5/8 (F-2 & F) 33 nd nd 39 Full dose

11 Method ii. Whet vrietl resistnce : Vriety Source Yer Resistnce level * Erliness** ISENGRAIN Florimond Erlier MAXWELL Sten Union Semi-erlier ROBIGUS Momont Lter MAXYL Sten Union Erlier ORVANTIS Benoist Semi-erlier ROSARIO Secor Lter *Resistnce level: (9) is high resistnt nd (1) is high susceptile to SLB **Erliness level: (9) is erlier nd (1) is lter ARVALIS-Institut du végétl

12 Method iii. Assessment of SLB disese evolution: Visul symptom oservtion: - % of necrotic surfce Quntittive Rel time PCR (qpcr): - the copy numer of the M. grminicol -tuulin-specific gene y 1 ng of the totl lef DNA (CBT 1ng ) iv. Assessment of M. grminicol DMI-resistnt genotypes: Allele-specific qpcr -% Tri S + Tri LR (I-381 type) -% MR (V-381 type) Tri R6, R7- nd R7+

13 Results 13

14 8 April 22 April 28 April 13 Mi 28 Mi 11 June 2 June 8 April 22 April 28 April 13 Mi 28 Mi 11 June 2 June SLB progression in untreted control Necrotic surfce % Results Septori lef lotch disese progression Orvntis Mxwell Log CBT 1ng M1 M4 1 M3 4 M2 M1 M2 M3 M4 3 Log F F-1 F-2

15 Control M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 Results I. Effect of prothioconzole ppliction timing on SLB disese progression. in the third lef lyer F-2 AUDPC_Log CBT 1ng c c c c AUDPC: Are Under Disese Progress Curve Preventive tretments (CBT 1ng 32 (=log 1.5)) Mxwell Orvntis

16 Control M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 Results I. Effect of prothioconzole ppliction timing on SLB disese progression. in the second lef lyer F-1 AUDPC_Log CBT 1ng cd cd c cd d c Mxwell Orvntis Curtive tretment (CBT1ng 32)

17 Control M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 Results I. Effect of prothioconzole ppliction timing on SLB disese progression c. in the flg lef lyer F-1 AUDPC_Log CBT 1ng c cd c c cd cd d d Mxwell Orvntis

18 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 Reltive yield loss % Results II. Effect of prothioconzole ppliction timing on whet grin yield c c 5 Mxwell Orvntis

19 Control M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 % of DMI resistnt genotypes Results III. Effect of prothioconzole ppliction timing on the distriution of M. grminicol DMI-resistnt genotypes Mxwell_F_9 July Orvntis_F_2 June Log CBT 1ng R7+ -type R7- -type R6 -type I381 -type BCN 1ng

20 % of DMI resistnt genotypes MAXYL Erlier ORVANTIS Semi erlier ROSARIO Lter ISENGRAIN Erlier MAXWELL Semi-erlier ROBIGUS Lter c Results IV. Effect of whet resistnce vrietl on the distriution of M. grminicol DMI-resistnt genotypes F_26 June Log CBT 1ng Susceptile Resistnt R7+ -type R7- -type R6 -type I381 -type BCN 1ng

21 MAXYL Erlier ORVANTIS Semi erlier ROSARIO Lter ISENGRAIN Erlier MAXWELL Semi-erlier ROBIGUS Lter Yield (t.h -1 ) Results V. Effect of whet resistnce vrietl on whet grin yield Susceptile Resistnt

22 Conclusion Fungicide ppliction timing is very importnt in the control of SLB, nd the etter timing ws when the fungicide pplied preventively the CBT 1ng <32 t the moment of fungicide ppliction the flg lef ws protected directly Whet grin yield incresed significntly with ll tested modlities nd the highest grin yield ws otined with the M4 modlity, where the flg lef ws protected directly. And lso, ws correlted to the vrietl resistnce level, nd the lter one of the susceptile cultivrs. Distriution of DMI-resistnt popultions of M. grminicol ws neither ffected y different whet cultivrs nor y fungicide ppliction timing. 22

23 Thnk you for your ttention Smeh Lure Céline Jen 23

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