T H E J O U R N A L O F C E L L B I O L O G Y

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1 Supplemental material Chairoungdua et al., T H E J O U R N A L O F C E L L B I O L O G Y Figure S1. Expression of CD9 and CD82 inhibits Wnt/ -catenin signaling activated by Wnt3a condition medium. HEK 293T cells stably expressing CD9, CD82, or empty vector were transfected with TOPflash and the Renilla luciferase vector and incubated with Wnt3a conditioned medium (Wnt3a-CM) for 24 h. Activity of the -catenin signaling pathway was quantified by measuring relative firefly luciferase activity units (RLUs) normalized to Renilla luciferase. Data are presented as the fold change as compared with the control condition (cells transfected with pcdna3.1 empty vector and not exposed to Wnt3a-CM). S1

2 Figure S2. CD9 and CD82 inhibition of Wnt/ -catenin signaling is GSK-3 independent. (A) CD9 and CD82 but not CD63 inhibit TOPflash activity stimulated by mutant S45 -catenin. 24 h after transfection with the indicated plasmids, cells were harvested for TOPflash luciferase assay. Data are presented as the fold change as compared with the control condition (transfected with empty vector pcdna3.1 alone). (B) CD9 and CD82 reduce cytosolic and nuclear pools of mutant S45 -catenin protein. Cell fractions prepared from HEK 293T cells transfected with the indicated plasmids were immunoblotted using anti-xpress ( -catenin) and anti -actin antibodies. (C and D) 12 h after transfection with TOPflash, Renilla luciferase vector, and the indicated plasmids, HEK 293T cells were treated with NaCl (50 mm), LiCl (50 mm), SB (20 µm), or DMSO (SB216763( )) for 12 h. Activity of the -catenin signaling pathway was quantified by measuring relative firefly luciferase activity units (RLUs) normalized to Renilla luciferase. Data are presented as the fold change as compared with the control conditions (transfected with empty vector pcdna3.1 and not exposed to SB or LiCl). S2

3 Figure S3. The targeting of b-catenin into exosomes does not require either TSAP6 or ESCRT components. (A) Exosome-associated -catenin resides within the lumens of exosome vesicles. Exosomes recovered from untransfected or from CD82-transfected HEK293 cells were incubated with or without 0.05% trypsin for 30 min at 20 C in the absence or presence of 1% Triton X-100. The exosome protein was separated by SDS-PAGE, transferred to nitrocellulose, and analyzed by Western blotting using an antibody directed against -catenin. In the absence of the detergent the -catenin associated with CD82-induced exosomes is protected from trypsin, whereas in the presence of the detergent the -catenin is completely degraded. Thus, exosome-associated - catenin resides within the lumens of the exosome vesicles. (B) Overexpression of TSAP6 has no effect on CD82-induced exosome release of -catenin. Exosomes were purified from HEK 293T cells cotransfected with the indicated plasmids. Equal amounts of exosome protein (1 µg) were analyzed by Western blotting with the indicated antibodies. (C) ESCRT-independent release of -catenin. Exosomes were purified from HEK 293T cells cotransfected with the indicated plasmids encoding wild-type and dominant-negative versions of ESCRT complex components. Total lysate and exosome fractions were analyzed for -catenin by Western blotting. S3

4 Figure S4. CD82 interacts with -catenin. HEK 293T cells were transfected with the indicated plasmids. -Catenin was detected in anti-flag immunoprecipitates from FLAG-CD82 stably transfected cells and not from cells transfected with empty FLAG vector (A) or FLAG-CD63 (B). S4

5 Figure S5. Exosome release of -catenin is E-cadherin dependent. Purified exosomes from CHO cells cotransfected with wild-type -catenin (A) or mutant S33Y -catenin (B) and the indicated plasmids were analyzed by Western blotting. The exosome release of both wild-type -catenin and mutant S33Y catenin is E-cadherin dependent. (C) Effects of CD9 on exosome release in vivo. Exosomes were purified from BMDCs derived from CD9 wild-type and knockout mice as described in Materials and methods and analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. The average number of morphologically recognizable exosomes present per medium power field was determined using five separate images from each of three separate preparations of exosomes from wild-type and CD9 nulls. Three times as many exosomes are detectable in micrographs of material derived from wild-type versus CD9 null cells. S5

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