CMSC434 Intro to Human-Computer Interaction
|
|
- James Long
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 CMSC434 Intro to Human-Computer Interaction Representation and Human Information Processing Monday, March 12th, 2012 Instructor: Jon Froehlich TA: Kotaro Hara
2 Team Project #2 User Research, Task Analysis, and Sketching
3 #inspiration [
4
5
6 [
7 Shame/Fame [
8 One of Nielsen/Norman s first principles of design: Effective interfaces do not concern the user with the inner workings of the system with full option for the user to undo any activity at any time. [
9 Representation Matters
10 Experiential cognition is aided when the properties of the representation match the properties of the thing being represented. Don Norman Cognitive Scientist / Author [From: Things that Make Us Smart, 1994 ]
11
12 Semiotics noun \-ˈä-tiks\ The study of signs and symbols and their use or interpretation [Oxford Dictionary]
13 RomanNumerals
14 RomanNumerals I V X L C D M = 1 = 5 = 10 = 50 = 100 = 500 = 1000
15 RomanNumerals I V X L C D M Symbols have numerical meaning Symbol positions have (some) numerical meaning
16 What about arithmetic operations?
17 XIX + LIV ( )
18 XIX + LIV 1. Substitute for subtractives to obtain: XVIIII + LIIII 2. Concatenate to obtain: XVIIIILIIII 3. Sort to obtain: LXVIIIIIIII 4. Combine groups: LXVIIIIIIII LXVVIII LXXIII 5. Compact results by substituting subtractives Final answer = XIX + LIV = LXXIII = 73 [Algorithm from:
19 How would we do this with Arabic numerals?
20
21 What about multiplication and division?
22 19 x x 54
23 19 x x 54 76
24 19 x x
25 19 x x
26 19 x x
27 19 x x I can offload some cognition (i.e., cognitive load) to the page itself. Essentially, the effort is shared between the individual and the external representation. This is enabled by the positioning effects in the Arabic numbering system 1026
28 XIX x LIV In the Roman numbering system, multiplication & division are much harder because of representation.
29 Recall vs. Recognition
30
31 Metaphor noun /ˈmɛtəfə, -fɔː/ A word, phrase, or image applied to an object or action to represent a less tangible object or some intangible quality or idea
32 [Moggridge, Designing Interactions] TimMott At Xerox PARC, Designed Desktop Metaphor Co-founded Electronic Arts
33 [Microsoft BOB]
34 [BumpTop, CHI2006]
35 1+5 * *7 Visual grouping influenced ability to ascertain correct result [Landy & Goldstone, How Abstract is Symbolic Thought? J. of Experimental Psychology]
36 [Landy & Goldstone, How Abstract is Symbolic Thought? J. of Experimental Psychology] The authors conclude that formally symbolic reasoning is more visual than is usually proposed.
37 Good or Bad?
38 Success! Your file was successfully uploaded to msn.com/videos. The visual language conflicts with the intent of the message [Example based on p.19 in Seductive Interaction Design by Stephen P. Anderson, 2011]
39 Which window is closer to you? When designing, we must consider how the brain interprets the meaning of color, shadow, shading these are not just aesthetic choices. [Example based on p.20 in Seductive Interaction Design by Stephen P. Anderson, 2011]
40 Where does this drawer menu come from? Looks good, right? [Example based on p.20 in Seductive Interaction Design by Stephen P. Anderson, 2011]
41 Where does this drawer menu come from? Looks good, right? [Example based on p.20 in Seductive Interaction Design by Stephen P. Anderson, 2011]
42 By flipping the direction of the shadow, the design feels better [Example based on p.20 in Seductive Interaction Design by Stephen P. Anderson, 2011]
43 Human Information Processing
44 [
45 The world is its own memory -Kevin O Regan, 1992 We see very little at any given instant we sample our visual environment with swift eye movement We have very little attentional capacity, and information unrelated to our current task is quickly replaced with something that we need right now. [Colin Ware, Visual Thinking for Design, p2, 2008]
46 We do not have the whole visual world in conscious awareness. In truth, we have very little. Our illusory impression that we are constantly aware of everything happens because our brains arrange for eye movement to occur and relevant information to be picked up just as we turn our attention to something we need. Professor Colin Ware University of New Hampshire Notable Visualization Expert / Author
47 What information consumes is rather obvious: it consumes the attention of its recipients. Hence a wealth of information creates a poverty of attention, and a need to allocate that attention efficiently among the overabundance of information sources that might consume it. Professor Herbert Simon Carnegie Mellon University Nobel Prize / Turing Award
48 The Process of Seeing
49 The Human Eye The human eye reacts to light and can sense color / depth [Colin Ware, Visual Thinking for Design, p7, 2008; Wikipedia]
50 The Human Eye The retina contains two types of photoreceptors: cones and rods Rod cells are more numerous (~100m) and far more sensitive than cones responsible for night vision but have little role in color vision. Cone cells are primarily responsible for color vision, function best in relatively bright light and are densely packed in the fovea.
51 Brain pixels vary enormously over the visual field. This reflects different amounts of processing power devoted to different regions of visual space. [Colin Ware, Visual Thinking for Design, p5, 2008] At arm s length, we can resolve about 100 points on the head of a pin in the very center of the visual field called the fovea.
52 Brain pixels vary enormously over the visual field. This reflects different amounts of processing power devoted to different regions of visual space. At the edge of the visual field, we can only see something about the size of a fist at arm s length. [Colin Ware, Visual Thinking for Design, p5, 2008] At arm s length, we can resolve about 100 points on the head of a pin in the very center of the visual field called the fovea.
53 Brain pixels vary enormously over the visual field. This reflects different amounts of processing power devoted to different regions of visual space. At the edge of the visual field, we can only see something about the size of a fist at arm s length. Over half of our visual processing power is concentrated in the parafovea At arm s length, we can resolve about 100 points on the head of a pin in the very center of the visual field called the fovea. [Colin Ware, Visual Thinking for Design, p5, 2008]
54 Non-uniformity in visual processing power We only process details in the center of the visual field. We pick up information by directing our foveas using rapid eye movements. [Colin Ware, Visual Thinking for Design, p6, 2008]
55 The Human Eye : Saccade Strong eye muscles attached to each eyeball rotate it rapidly so that different parts of the visual world become imaged on the central high-resolution fovea. Angular velocity of 900 degrees/sec This rapid eye movement is called a saccade, during which vision is suppressed. [Colin Ware, Visual Thinking for Design, p7, 2008]
56 The Act of Perception
57 The Handout Find your blind spot [Colin Ware, Visual Thinking for Design, p8, 2008]
58 The Handout Visual processing pipeline involves attention [Colin Ware, Visual Thinking for Design, p8, 2008]
59 The Handout Visual processing pipeline involves attention [Colin Ware, Visual Thinking for Design, p8, 2008]
60 Human perception plays an important role in the area of visualization. An understanding of perception can significantly improve both the quality and the quantity of information being displayed. - Ware, 2000 Ware, C. Information Visualization: Perception for Design. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc., San Francisco, California, 2000.
61
62
63 Pre-attentive Processing a limited set of visual properties that are detected very rapidly and accurately by the low-level visual system [Christopher Healey,
64 Actually, not really preattentive these visual properties were initially called preattentive, since their detection seemed to precede focused attention. We now know that attention plays a critical role in what we see, even at this early stage of vision. The term preattentive continues to be used, however, since it conveys an intuitive notion of the speed and ease with which these properties are identified. Professor Christopher G. Healey North Carolina State University
65 Actually, not really preattentive these visual properties were initially called preattentive, since their detection seemed to precede focused attention. We now know that attention plays a critical role in what we see, even at this early stage of vision. The term preattentive continues to be used, however, since it conveys an intuitive notion of the speed and ease with which these properties are identified. Professor Christopher G. Healey North Carolina State University
66 Actually, not really preattentive these visual properties were initially called preattentive, since their detection seemed to precede focused attention. We now know that attention plays a critical role in what we see, even at this early stage of vision. The term preattentive continues to be used, however, since it conveys an intuitive notion of the speed and ease with which these properties are identified. Professor Christopher G. Healey North Carolina State University
67 What can be considered preattentive? Typically, tasks that can be performed on large multi-element displays in < ms Eye movements take at least 200ms to initiate. In experiments, viewers are able to accomplish tasks in ~200ms, which suggests parallel processing of information by low-level visual system [Christopher Healey,
68
69 Hue
70 Hue is not the only visual feature that is preattentive.
71
72
73 Curvature
74 Ah, interesting, so a unique visual property in the target allows it to pop out of the display
75 Find the red ball
76
77 How did you find it?
78 Why didn t this work? A conjuction target is a target made up of a combination of non-unique features and typically cannot be detected preattentively. [Christopher Healey,
79 Conjunction Target!
80 Red target circle is made of up two features: red (color) and circular (shape) Blue distractor target also circular (shape) Square distractor target also red (color)
81
82 Conjunction Target! Numerous studies have shown that this target cannot be detected preattentively. Instead, viewers must perform a time-consuming serial search to confirm the presence or absence of the red circle.
83 Preattentive (Static) Visual Features Orientation Length/Width Size Closure Curvature Hue Intersection 3D Depth Cues [This list is not comprehensive; Christopher Healey,
84 Preattentive (Static) Visual Features Density Number, Estimation Terminators Lighting Direction 3D Orientation Artistic Properties [This list is not comprehensive; Christopher Healey,
Visual Perception. Agenda. Visual perception. CS Information Visualization January 20, 2011 John Stasko. Pre-attentive processing Color Etc.
Topic Notes Visual Perception CS 7450 - Information Visualization January 20, 2011 John Stasko Agenda Visual perception Pre-attentive processing Color Etc. Spring 2011 CS 7450 2 1 Semiotics The study of
More informationIAT 355 Perception 1. Or What You See is Maybe Not What You Were Supposed to Get
IAT 355 Perception 1 Or What You See is Maybe Not What You Were Supposed to Get Why we need to understand perception The ability of viewers to interpret visual (graphical) encodings of information and
More informationVisual Thinking for Design Colin Ware
Visual Thinking for Design Colin Ware How much do we see? We do not have the entire visual world in conscious awareness We apprehend only a tiny fraction of information in our surrounding Just the right
More informationCS Information Visualization September 7, 2016 John Stasko. Identify visual features that are and are not pre-attentive
Visual Perception CS 7450 - Information Visualization September 7, 2016 John Stasko Learning Objectives Describe the visual processing pipeline Define pre-attentive processing Identify visual features
More informationVisual Perception. Agenda. Visual perception. CS Information Visualization August 26, 2013 John Stasko. Pre-attentive processing Color Etc.
Topic Notes Visual Perception CS 7450 - Information Visualization August 26, 2013 John Stasko Agenda Visual perception Pre-attentive processing Color Etc. Fall 2013 CS 7450 2 1 Semiotics The study of symbols
More informationIAT 814 Knowledge Visualization. Visual Attention. Lyn Bartram
IAT 814 Knowledge Visualization Visual Attention Lyn Bartram Why we care in an information-rich world, the wealth of information means a dearth of something else: a scarcity of whatever it is that information
More informationVISUAL PERCEPTION & COGNITIVE PROCESSES
VISUAL PERCEPTION & COGNITIVE PROCESSES Prof. Rahul C. Basole CS4460 > March 31, 2016 How Are Graphics Used? Larkin & Simon (1987) investigated usefulness of graphical displays Graphical visualization
More informationCOGS 121 HCI Programming Studio. Week 03
COGS 121 HCI Programming Studio Week 03 Direct Manipulation Principles of Direct Manipulation 1. Continuous representations of the objects and actions of interest with meaningful visual metaphors. 2. Physical
More informationHuman Perception. Topic Objectives. CS 725/825 Information Visualization Fall Dr. Michele C. Weigle.
CS 725/825 Information Visualization Fall 2013 Human Perception Dr. Michele C. Weigle http://www.cs.odu.edu/~mweigle/cs725-f13/ Topic Objectives! Define perception! Distinguish between rods and cones in
More information(In)Attention and Visual Awareness IAT814
(In)Attention and Visual Awareness IAT814 Week 5 Lecture B 8.10.2009 Lyn Bartram lyn@sfu.ca SCHOOL OF INTERACTIVE ARTS + TECHNOLOGY [SIAT] WWW.SIAT.SFU.CA This is a useful topic Understand why you can
More information(Visual) Attention. October 3, PSY Visual Attention 1
(Visual) Attention Perception and awareness of a visual object seems to involve attending to the object. Do we have to attend to an object to perceive it? Some tasks seem to proceed with little or no attention
More informationVisual Design. Simplicity, Gestalt Principles, Organization/Structure
Visual Design Simplicity, Gestalt Principles, Organization/Structure Many examples are from Universal Principles of Design, Lidwell, Holden, and Butler 1 Why discuss visual design? You need to present
More informationCSC2524 L0101 TOPICS IN INTERACTIVE COMPUTING: INFORMATION VISUALISATION VISUAL PERCEPTION. Fanny CHEVALIER
CSC2524 L0101 TOPICS IN INTERACTIVE COMPUTING: INFORMATION VISUALISATION VISUAL PERCEPTION Fanny CHEVALIER VISUAL PERCEPTION & COGNITION KNOWING HOW WE PERCEIVE TO BETTER REPRESENT [Source: http://www.creativebloq.com/design/science-behind-data-visualisation-8135496]
More informationAttention and Scene Perception
Theories of attention Techniques for studying scene perception Physiological basis of attention Attention and single cells Disorders of attention Scene recognition attention any of a large set of selection
More informationMaking colored light PRIMARY COLORS
Making colored light PRIMARY COLORS cgrahamphysics.com 2016 3/16/2016 Which circles are the same colour on each side? cgrahamphysics.com 2016 3/16/2016 What are primary colors? cgrahamphysics.com 2016
More informationVisual attention and things that pop out. Week 5 IAT 814 Lyn Bartram
Visual attention and things that pop out Week 5 IAT 814 Lyn Bartram The visualization process Finding patterns is key to information visualization. Example Tasks: Patterns showing groups? Patterns showing
More informationAttention. Concentrating and focusing of mental effort that is:
What is attention? Concentrating and focusing of mental effort that is: Page 1 o Selective--focus on some things while excluding others o Divisible--able to focus on more than one thing at the same time
More informationHUMAN ABILITIES...and their implications for design
Maya Cakmak, Matt Kay, Brad Jacobson, King Xia HUMAN ABILITIES...and their implications for design human-computer interaction CSE 440 WINTER 2015 JAN 29 - WEEK 4 - THURSDAY Today Re-cap for Assignment
More informationHall of Fame or Shame? Human Abilities: Vision & Cognition. Hall of Shame! Hall of Fame or Shame? Hall of Shame! Outline
Hall of Fame or Shame? Human Abilities: Vision & Cognition Prof. James A. Landay University of Washington CSE 440 Winter 2012 2 Hall of Shame! Hall of Fame or Shame? Error Messages Where is error? What
More informationVisual Selection and Attention
Visual Selection and Attention Retrieve Information Select what to observe No time to focus on every object Overt Selections Performed by eye movements Covert Selections Performed by visual attention 2
More informationHall of Fame or Shame? Human Abilities: Vision & Cognition. Hall of Shame! Human Abilities: Vision & Cognition. Outline. Video Prototype Review
Hall of Fame or Shame? Human Abilities: Vision & Cognition Prof. James A. Landay University of Washington Autumn 2008 October 21, 2008 2 Hall of Shame! Design based on a top retailer s site In study, user
More informationIntro to HCI / Why is Design Hard?
Intro to HCI / Why is Design Hard? September 11, 2017 Fall 2017 COMP 3020 1 Fall 2017 COMP 3020 2 Announcements Assignment 1 is posted Due Sept 22 by 5:00pm on UMLearn Individual assignment Buying Pop
More informationCS160: Sensori-motor Models. Prof Canny
CS160: Sensori-motor Models Prof Canny 1 Why Model Human Performance? To test understanding of behavior To predict impact of new technology we can build a simulator to evaluate user interface designs 2
More informationNeural circuits PSY 310 Greg Francis. Lecture 05. Rods and cones
Neural circuits PSY 310 Greg Francis Lecture 05 Why do you need bright light to read? Rods and cones Photoreceptors are not evenly distributed across the retina 1 Rods and cones Cones are most dense in
More informationLesson 5 Sensation, Perception, Memory, and The Conscious Mind
Lesson 5 Sensation, Perception, Memory, and The Conscious Mind Introduction: Connecting Your Learning The beginning of Bloom's lecture concludes his discussion of language development in humans and non-humans
More informationSensation & Perception The Visual System. Subjectivity of Perception. Sensation vs. Perception 1/9/11
Sensation & Perception The Visual System Subjectivity of Perception We do not perceive the world directly Perception depends on brain stimulation Distinction between sensation and perception Sensation
More informationFeature Integration Theory
Feature Integration Theory Introduction to Cognitive Sciences PROFESSOR AMITABHA MUKERJEE 2013 Authored by: Harmanjit Singh Feature Integration Theory Introduction to Cognitive Sciences Table of Contents
More informationID# Exam 1 PS 325, Fall 2003
ID# Exam 1 PS 325, Fall 2003 Read each question carefully and answer it completely. Pay careful attention to the point value of questions so that you allocate your time appropriately (1 point = 1 minute).
More informationUser Interface. Colors, Icons, Text, and Presentation SWEN-444
User Interface Colors, Icons, Text, and Presentation SWEN-444 Color Psychology Color can evoke: Emotion aesthetic appeal warm versus cold colors Colors can be used for Clarification, Relation, and Differentiation.
More informationPsychology of visual perception C O M M U N I C A T I O N D E S I G N, A N I M A T E D I M A G E 2014/2015
Psychology of visual perception C O M M U N I C A T I O N D E S I G N, A N I M A T E D I M A G E 2014/2015 EXTENDED SUMMARY Lesson #4: Oct. 13 th 2014 Lecture plan: GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY Nature and fundamental
More informationPSYC& Lilienfeld et al. - Chapter 4 Sensation and Perception: How We Sense and Conceptualize the World Study Guide
Many first time college students struggle adjusting to expectations of college-level courses. One reason for this is that college-level courses require students to learn new content and apply that content
More informationWhat is mid level vision? Mid Level Vision. What is mid level vision? Lightness perception as revealed by lightness illusions
What is mid level vision? Mid Level Vision March 18, 2004 Josh McDermott Perception involves inferring the structure of the world from measurements of energy generated by the world (in vision, this is
More informationCMSC434 Intro to Human-Computer Interaction. Aesthetics and Visual Design #2 Wednesday, April 2nd, 2012 Instructor: Jon Froehlich TA: Kotaro Hara
CMSC434 Intro to Human-Computer Interaction Aesthetics and Visual Design #2 Wednesday, April 2nd, 2012 Instructor: Jon Froehlich TA: Kotaro Hara Fame/Shame Fame/Shame [Introducing Kyte Phone, Mar 19, 2012:
More informationIntro to HCI / Why is Design Hard?
Intro to HCI / Why is Design Hard? September 12, 2016 Fall 2016 COMP 3020 1 Announcements A02 notes: http://www.cs.umanitoba.ca/~umdubo26/comp3020/ A01 notes: http://www.cs.umanitoba.ca/~bunt/comp3020/lecturenotes.html
More informationthe human 1 of 3 Lecture 6 chapter 1 Remember to start on your paper prototyping
Lecture 6 chapter 1 the human 1 of 3 Remember to start on your paper prototyping Use the Tutorials Bring coloured pencil, felts etc Scissor, cello tape, glue Imagination Lecture 6 the human 1 1 Lecture
More informationID# Exam 1 PS 325, Fall 2004
ID# Exam 1 PS 325, Fall 2004 As always, the Skidmore Honor Code is in effect. Read each question carefully and answer it completely. Multiple-choice questions are worth one point each, other questions
More informationSensation and Perception. Chapter 6
Sensation and Perception Chapter 6 1 Sensation & Perception How do we construct our representations of the external world? Text To represent the world, we must detect physical energy (a stimulus) from
More informationCOMP 3020: Human-Computer Interaction I
reddit.com 1 2 COMP 3020: Human-Computer Interaction I Fall 2017 Prototype Lifetime James Young, with acknowledgements to Anthony Tang, Andrea Bunt, Pourang Irani, Julie Kientz, Saul Greenberg, Ehud Sharlin,
More informationSENSES: VISION. Chapter 5: Sensation AP Psychology Fall 2014
SENSES: VISION Chapter 5: Sensation AP Psychology Fall 2014 Sensation versus Perception Top-Down Processing (Perception) Cerebral cortex/ Association Areas Expectations Experiences Memories Schemas Anticipation
More informationID# Exam 1 PS 325, Fall 2007
ID# Exam 1 PS 325, Fall 2007 As always, the Skidmore Honor Code is in effect, which you ll acknowledge when you turn in your exam. Each multiple-choice question is worth 1 point and the value of the other
More informationANAT2010. Concepts of Neuroanatomy (II) S2 2018
ANAT2010 Concepts of Neuroanatomy (II) S2 2018 Table of Contents Lecture 13: Pain and perception... 3 Lecture 14: Sensory systems and visual pathways... 11 Lecture 15: Techniques in Neuroanatomy I in vivo
More informationToday s Agenda. Human abilities Cognition Review for Exam1
Today s Agenda Human abilities Cognition Review for Exam1 Announcement Exam 1 is scheduled Monday, Oct. 1 st, in class Cover materials until Sep. 24 Most of materials from class lecture notes You are allowed
More informationOpponent theory PSY 310 Greg Francis. Lecture 18. Trichromatic theory
PSY 310 Greg Francis Lecture 18 Reach that last 1%. Trichromatic theory Different colors are represented as a pattern across the three basic colors Nicely predicted the existence of the three cone types
More informationColor R.I.T SE 444. S. Ludi/R. Kuehl p. 1 R I T. Software Engineering
Color SE 444 S. Ludi/R. Kuehl p. 1 Color Topics Color perception Using color in interaction design Color concerns for interaction design Color Reference S. Ludi/R. Kuehl p. 2 Color Perception - A Physics
More informationHuman Capabilities & Work Physiology II
Human Capabilities & Work Physiology II Vision Circadian rhythms Musculoskeletal system 19.525 Recognition of Work Environment Hazards: Introduction to Industrial Hygiene and Ergonomics Visual Capabilities
More informationIntroduction to Physiological Psychology
Introduction to Physiological Psychology Vision ksweeney@cogsci.ucsd.edu cogsci.ucsd.edu/~ksweeney/psy260.html This class n Sensation vs. Perception n How light is translated into what we see n Structure
More informationTHE VISUAL WORLD! Visual (Electromagnetic) Stimulus
THE VISUAL WORLD! Visual (Electromagnetic) Stimulus Perceived color of light is determined by 3 characteristics (properties of electromagnetic energy): 1. Hue: the spectrum (wavelength) of light (color)
More informationIntroduction to Computational Neuroscience
Introduction to Computational Neuroscience Lecture 11: Attention & Decision making Lesson Title 1 Introduction 2 Structure and Function of the NS 3 Windows to the Brain 4 Data analysis 5 Data analysis
More informationProf. Greg Francis 7/31/15
s PSY 200 Greg Francis Lecture 06 How do you recognize your grandmother? Action potential With enough excitatory input, a cell produces an action potential that sends a signal down its axon to other cells
More informationColor perception PSY 310 Greg Francis. Lecture 17. Importance of color
Color perception PSY 310 Greg Francis Lecture 17 Which cracker do you want to eat? For most people color is an integral part of living It is useful for identifying properties of objects e.g., ripe fruit
More informationComputational Cognitive Science
Computational Cognitive Science Lecture 15: Visual Attention Chris Lucas (Slides adapted from Frank Keller s) School of Informatics University of Edinburgh clucas2@inf.ed.ac.uk 14 November 2017 1 / 28
More informationVision Seeing is in the mind
1 Vision Seeing is in the mind Stimulus: Light 2 Light Characteristics 1. Wavelength (hue) 2. Intensity (brightness) 3. Saturation (purity) 3 4 Hue (color): dimension of color determined by wavelength
More informationStep 10 Visualisation Carlos Moura
Step 10 Visualisation Carlos Moura COIN 2018-16th JRC Annual Training on Composite Indicators & Scoreboards 05-07/11/2018, Ispra (IT) Effective communication through visualization Why investing on visual
More informationPsychology Chapter 4. Sensation and Perception. Most amazing introduction ever!! Turn to page 77 and prepare to be amazed!
Psychology Chapter 4 Sensation and Perception Most amazing introduction ever!! Turn to page 77 and prepare to be amazed! Chapter 4 Section 1 EQ: Distinguish between sensation and perception, and explain
More informationIAT 355 Visual Analytics. Encoding Information: Design. Lyn Bartram
IAT 355 Visual Analytics Encoding Information: Design Lyn Bartram 4 stages of visualization design 2 Recall: Data Abstraction Tables Data item (row) with attributes (columns) : row=key, cells = values
More informationHuman Abilities 2. How do people think? Universal Design
Human Abilities 2 How do people think? Universal Design Agenda ØRevisit Brainstorming ØMemory ØCognitive Processes v Implications ØUniversal Design ØRecap ØHomework and Project Fall 2018 PSYCH / CS 6755
More informationCompeting Frameworks in Perception
Competing Frameworks in Perception Lesson II: Perception module 08 Perception.08. 1 Views on perception Perception as a cascade of information processing stages From sensation to percept Template vs. feature
More informationCompeting Frameworks in Perception
Competing Frameworks in Perception Lesson II: Perception module 08 Perception.08. 1 Views on perception Perception as a cascade of information processing stages From sensation to percept Template vs. feature
More informationDoes scene context always facilitate retrieval of visual object representations?
Psychon Bull Rev (2011) 18:309 315 DOI 10.3758/s13423-010-0045-x Does scene context always facilitate retrieval of visual object representations? Ryoichi Nakashima & Kazuhiko Yokosawa Published online:
More informationStructure of the eye and retina
1 of 10 3/6/2012 1:06 PM Syllabus pdf file Course Schedule Structure of the eye and retina 2 of 10 3/6/2012 1:06 PM In-class demo: do Virtual Lab activity 3-6 (Visual Path in the Eyeball) Focusing, changes
More informationc. finding it difficult to maintain your balance when you have an ear infection
Sensory and Perception Quiz- Reynolds Fall 2015 1. The inner ear contains receptors for: a. audition and kinesthesis. b. kinesthesis and the vestibular sense. c. audition and the vestibular sense. d. audition,
More informationInformation Visualization PERCEPTION and COLOR. Tobias Isenberg
Information Visualization PERCEPTION and COLOR Tobias Isenberg tobias.isenberg@inria.fr Recap In Lecture 1 you learned about the basic components of visualization: marks and visual variables Points Lines
More informationChange Blindness. The greater the lie, the greater the chance that it will be believed.
Change Blindness The greater the lie, the greater the chance that it will be believed. (kurt@kloover.com) Department of Computer Science Rochester Institute of Technology 1 Definitions Seeing: the use
More informationperception and visualization WOLFGANG AiGNER perception and visualization 1
Wolfgang Aigner aigner@ifs.tuwien.ac.at http://ieg.ifs.tuwien.ac.at/~aigner/ Version 1.1 26.10.2010 perception and visualization WOLFGANG AiGNER perception and visualization 1 [http://xkcd.com/688/] WOLFGANG
More informationPsychology Perception
Psychology 343 - Perception James R. Sawusch, 360 Park Hall jsawusch@buffalo.edu 645-0238 TA is Timothy Pruitt, 312 Park tapruitt@buffalo.edu Text is Sensation & Perception by Goldstein (8th edition) PSY
More informationComment on W.S. Cleveland, A Model for Studying Display Methods of Statistical Graphics. Leland Wilkinson SYSTAT, Inc. and Northwestern University
Comment on W.S. Cleveland, A Model for Studying Display Methods of Statistical Graphics Leland Wilkinson SYSTAT, Inc. and Northwestern University Revised version published in Journal of Computational and
More informationVisual perception on large displays
Visual perception on large displays Alexander Achberger, Armin Kaiser and Martin Stach University of Stuttgart Abstract In the last few years, the use of large displays in the normal course of life of
More informationThe lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect. absolute threshold. Adapting one's current understandings to incorporate new information.
absolute threshold The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect accommodation Adapting one's current understandings to incorporate new information. acuity Sharp perception or vision audition
More informationCS 544 Human Abilities
CS 544 Human Abilities Human Information Processing Memory, Chunking & Phrasing, Modes Acknowledgement: Some of the material in these lectures is based on material prepared for similar courses by Saul
More informationTHE VISUAL WORLD! Visual (Electromagnetic) Stimulus
THE VISUAL WORLD! Visual (Electromagnetic) Stimulus Perceived color of light is determined by 3 characteristics (properties of electromagnetic energy): 1. : the spectrum (wavelength) of light (color) 2.
More informationPsych 333, Winter 2008, Instructor Boynton, Exam 2
Name: ID # ID: A Psych 333, Winter 2008, Instructor Boynton, Exam 2 Multiple Choice (38 questions, 1 point each) Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
More informationCS Information Visualization Sep. 10, 2012 John Stasko. General representation techniques for multivariate (>3) variables per data case
Topic Notes Multivariate Visual Representations 1 CS 7450 - Information Visualization Sep. 10, 2012 John Stasko Agenda General representation techniques for multivariate (>3) variables per data case But
More information7.1 Grading Diabetic Retinopathy
Chapter 7 DIABETIC RETINOPATHYGRADING -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A consistent approach to the
More informationLateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN)
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN) What happens beyond the retina? What happens in Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN)- 90% flow Visual cortex Information Flow Superior colliculus 10% flow Slide 2 Information
More informationLighta part of the spectrum of Electromagnetic Energy. (the part that s visible to us!)
Introduction to Physiological Psychology Vision ksweeney@cogsci.ucsd.edu cogsci.ucsd.edu/~ /~ksweeney/psy260.html Lighta part of the spectrum of Electromagnetic Energy (the part that s visible to us!)
More informationM Cells. Why parallel pathways? P Cells. Where from the retina? Cortical visual processing. Announcements. Main visual pathway from retina to V1
Announcements exam 1 this Thursday! review session: Wednesday, 5:00-6:30pm, Meliora 203 Bryce s office hours: Wednesday, 3:30-5:30pm, Gleason https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zdw7pvgz0um M Cells M cells
More informationPractice Test Questions
Practice Test Questions Multiple Choice 1. Which term is most descriptive of the process of sensation? a. transportation c. selection b. interpretation d. transduction 2. Which terms are most descriptive
More informationAnswer: B difficulty: 2 conceptual Goal 3: Critical Thinking Skills in Psychology
Chapter Test 1. The concepts of sensation and perception are different because a. perception is something that happens to your sense organs and neurons; sensation is something that happens to you b. sensation
More informationWhy do we need vision? We need vision for two quite different but complementary reasons We need vision to give us detailed knowledge of the world beyo
So, What Has Vision Done For Me Lately? Prepared for ICBO Ontario, CA By: R. A. Hohendorf OD April 2010 Why do we need vision? We need vision for two quite different but complementary reasons We need vision
More informationThe Perceptual Experience
Dikran J. Martin Introduction to Psychology Name: Date: Lecture Series: Chapter 5 Sensation and Perception Pages: 35 TEXT: Lefton, Lester A. and Brannon, Linda (2003). PSYCHOLOGY. (Eighth Edition.) Needham
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. Psychology Experiment Building Language (PEBL) screen-shots
1 1 2 3 4 5 Supplementary Figure 1. Psychology Experiment Building Language (PEBL) screen-shots including Pursuit Rotor (A), Time-Wall (B), Trail-Making Test (C), Digit Span (D), Wisconsin (Berg) Card
More informationLEA Color Vision Testing
To The Tester Quantitative measurement of color vision is an important diagnostic test used to define the degree of hereditary color vision defects found in screening with pseudoisochromatic tests and
More informationInformation Design. Information Design
Information Design Goal: identify methods for representing and arranging the objects and actions possible in a system in a way that facilitates perception and understanding Information Design Define and
More informationInformation Visualization PERCEPTION and COLOR. Petra Isenberg
Information Visualization PERCEPTION and COLOR Petra Isenberg tobias.isenberg@inria.fr Recap In Lecture 1 you learned about the basic components of visualization: marks and visual variables Points Lines
More informationDefinition Slides. Sensation. Perception. Bottom-up processing. Selective attention. Top-down processing 11/3/2013
Definition Slides Sensation = the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment. Perception = the process of organizing and interpreting
More informationPreattentive Attributes in Visualization Design: Enhancing Combat Identification. Scott H. Summers Raytheon Solipsys Corporation Fulton, Maryland
Preattentive Attributes in Visualization Design: Enhancing Combat Identification Scott H. Summers Raytheon Solipsys Corporation Fulton, Maryland Overview Background of the Problem CID Definition Fratricide
More informationNatural Scene Statistics and Perception. W.S. Geisler
Natural Scene Statistics and Perception W.S. Geisler Some Important Visual Tasks Identification of objects and materials Navigation through the environment Estimation of motion trajectories and speeds
More information= add definition here. Definition Slide
= add definition here Definition Slide Definition Slides Sensation = the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment. Perception
More informationComputational Cognitive Science. The Visual Processing Pipeline. The Visual Processing Pipeline. Lecture 15: Visual Attention.
Lecture 15: Visual Attention School of Informatics University of Edinburgh keller@inf.ed.ac.uk November 11, 2016 1 2 3 Reading: Itti et al. (1998). 1 2 When we view an image, we actually see this: The
More informationTHE CALORIE COUNTER Introduction: Describing the interactive system:
THE CALORIE COUNTER Introduction: I, Rohit Vairamohan have written this research paper on an app called the Calorie Counter for SI- 588 class. I stumbled upon this app when I used to go to the gym and
More informationThe Eye. Cognitive Neuroscience of Language. Today s goals. 5 From eye to brain. Today s reading
Cognitive Neuroscience of Language 5 From eye to brain Today s goals Look at the pathways that conduct the visual information from the eye to the visual cortex Marielle Lange http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/mlange/teaching/cnl/
More information7. Sharp perception or vision 8. The process of transferring genetic material from one cell to another by a plasmid or bacteriophage
1. A particular shade of a given color 2. How many wave peaks pass a certain point per given time 3. Process in which the sense organs' receptor cells are stimulated and relay initial information to higher
More informationObject Perception Perceiving and Recognizing Objects
Object Perception Perceiving and Recognizing Objects Extrastriate cortex Outside V1 in occipital lobe Dorsal pathway Ventral pathway Modular organization of visual areas associated with object recognition
More informationPerceiving Objects Different Approaches
Chapter 4 Perceiving Objects Different Approaches Molecules Neurons Circuits & Brain Areas Brain Physiological Approach Individual Features Groups of Features Objects Scenes Psychophysical Approach Figure
More informationCS294-6 (Fall 2004) Recognizing People, Objects and Actions Lecture: January 27, 2004 Human Visual System
CS294-6 (Fall 2004) Recognizing People, Objects and Actions Lecture: January 27, 2004 Human Visual System Lecturer: Jitendra Malik Scribe: Ryan White (Slide: layout of the brain) Facts about the brain:
More informationWhat s New in itero Scanner 4.0
What s New in itero Scanner 4.0 New User Interface itero has a new user interface with a completely new look and feel. The new user interface is designed to: - Maximizes the use of available screen space
More informationPerception and Cognition
Page 1 Perception and Cognition Perception and Cognition 1. Discrimination and steps 2. Judging magnitude 3. Preattentive features and serial search 4. Multiple visual attributes Page 2 Detection Just-Noticable
More informationINTRODUCTION: ****************************************************************************************************
BIOLOGY 211: HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY **************************************************************************************************** EYES AND VISION ****************************************************************************************************
More informationConstruction of the Visual Image
Construction of the Visual Image Anne L. van de Ven 8 Sept 2003 BioE 492/592 Sensory Neuroengineering Lecture 3 Visual Perception Light Photoreceptors Interneurons Visual Processing Ganglion Neurons Optic
More informationGuess: Correct or Incorrect. Trial (perform in random order)
AP Biology Senses Lab Names Per. Our senses are constantly bombarded with various stimuli from the environment, which are relayed to the central nervous system where the information is interpreted. In
More information