SCHOOL OF ANATOMICAL SCIENCES. ANAT2020: HUMAN ANATOMY FOR MBBCH II, BHSc & BSc (Biomed Eng) END OF REGION TEST 2 MAY 2014

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1 SCHOOL OF ANATOMICAL SCIENCES ANAT2020: HUMAN ANATOMY FOR MBBCH II, BHSc & BSc (Biomed Eng) END OF REGION TEST 2 MAY 2014 TOTAL TIME: 1 HOUR TOTAL MARKS: 50 Instructions: 1. Answer all questions. 2. Write your Anatomy number on the MCQ card provided. 3. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ s) 50 MARKS i) Write your name, the degree for which you are registered, your student number, and anatomy test number on the Faculty of Health Sciences side of the computer sheet. ii) iii) On the circles side of the computer sheet in the block headed student number write your student number. Fill in the circles with a soft HB pencil. There is one type of MCQ questions in this paper: X-Type: For this type of question there are five (5) options each must be marked as either CORRECT or INCORRECT. For each question at least one of the options will be correct and one incorrect. You need to have an answer for each of the five (5) statements. This type of MCQ has negative marking, that is, marks will be deducted for every wrong answer provided. However, you will not be penalised for leaving any question blank, but you will not be credited either. iv) DO NOT use CORRECTION FLUID on your MCQ sheet. You may use an eraser with care. v) DO NOT fold or bend the computer card. vi) vii) DO NOT write on and/or near the bar coded margin. The computer sheet MUST be filled in during the examination time. NO TIME WILL BE ALLOWED after the end of the examination for filling in the sheet. Page 1 of 6

2 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS TOTAL: 50 MARKS Questions below are X-type MCQs (2 marks each) 1. Concerning the triangles of the neck: a. The carotid triangle contains the phrenic nerve b. The superior belly of omohyoid muscle is a content of the muscular triangle c. The sternocleidomastoid muscle lies in the posterior triangle d. The middle constrictor forms part of the floor of the carotid triangle e. The subclavian artery can be palpated in the muscular triangle 2. Regarding the vertebral artery a. It originates from the 1 st part of the subclavian artery b. It runs lateral to the thyrocervical trunk c. It gives anterior and posterior spinal arteries d. It arches over the anterior arch of vertebra C1 (atlas) e. It traverses the foramen transversarium of the upper cervical vertebrae 3. With regards to the orbit: a. The lateral wall is formed by the lesser wing of the sphenoid b. The supraorbital margin is formed by the frontal bone only c. The floor is partly separated from the lateral wall by the inferior orbital fissure d. The medial wall separates the orbit from the middle cranial fossa e. The apex is formed by the superior orbital fissure 4. The following structures enter or exit the pharynx through the space between the superior and middle constrictor muscles: a. Styloglossus muscle b. Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) c. Stylomandibular ligament d. Stylopharyngeus muscle e. Internal laryngeal nerve 5. With regards to the nerve supply of the muscles of the neck: a. Platysma muscle is supplied by the trigeminal nerve (CN V) b. Stylohyoid muscle is supplied by the facial nerve c. Sternohyoid muscle is supplied by C 1 fibres from hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) d. Posterior belly of digastric is supplied by the facial nerve (CN VII) e. Mylohyoid muscle is supplied by the facial nerve (CN VII) Page 2 of 6

3 6. Regarding the maxillary sinus: a. It drains into the semilunar hiatus of the middle nasal meatus b. When infected it can cause pain in the lower molars c. Its roof is the floor of the orbit d. Its base is formed by the nasal septum e. Its apex extends into the frontal bone 7. About the larynx: a. The infraglottic cavity in the area below the vocal folds b. The inferior laryngeal nerve is the terminal branch of the recurrent laryngeal nerve c. The internal laryngeal nerve provides innervation to the mucosa below the vocal folds d. The rima vestibuli is the space between the vestibular folds e. The external laryngeal nerve innervates the lateral crico-arytenoid 8. Concerning the walls of the middle ear: a. The opening of the pharyngotympanic tube is located in the medial wall b. The pyramidal eminence is superior to the aditus antrum c. The promontory lies inferior to the oval window d. The internal jugular vein lies adjacent to the inferior wall e. The anterior semicircular canal makes an impression on the medial wall 9. Pertaining to the branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V3) a. The meningeal branch provides sensation from the meninges of the middle cranial fossa. b. The lingual nerve provides sensation from the posterior third of the tongue. c. The masseteric branch gives motor innervation to the masseter muscle. d. The auriculotemporal nerve gives motor innervation to the tensor tympani muscle. e. The nerve to mylohyoid gives motor innervation to the anterior belly of the digastric muscle. 10. Concerning the retropharyngeal space: a. The pharyngobasilar fascia forms its anterior boundary b. The alar fascia forms its posterior boundary c. Superiorly it encloses the pharyngeal tonsil d. It extends to the superior surface of the diaphragm e. If infected can cause dysphasia and dysarthria Page 3 of 6

4 11. Regarding the autonomic innervation to the eye: a. Dilation of the pupil is a parasympathetic response b. The lacrimal gland is supplied by the oculomotor nerve (CN III) c. Parasympathetic response to the lacrimal gland is via the postsynaptic fibres from the pterygopalatine ganglion d. Ciliary muscles of the eye are innervated by sympathetic fibres e. The long ciliary nerve bypasses the ciliary ganglion 12. Regarding the parotid gland a. The facial nerve enters the gland through the posteromedial surface. b. The superficial fascia of the neck forms the parotid sheath. c. The retromandibular vein lies deep to the external carotid artery within the gland. d. Post-synaptic parasympathetic nerve fibres are transmitted to the gland via the lingual nerve. e. The parotid duct is closely related to the buccal branch of the facial nerve. 13. Important relations of the submandibular gland include a. the geniohyoid muscle. b. the genioglossus muscle. c. the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve. d. the hypoglossal nerve. e. the facial artery. 14. True or false about the temporomandibular joint a. The post-glenoid (articular) tubercle of the mandibular fossa prevents anterior dislocation. b. The articular disc is attached to the capsule at the periphery. c. The sphenomandibular ligament supports the medial aspect of the joint. d. The lateral ligament is a thickening of the fibrous capsule. e. Elevation and depression of the mandible occur in the superior compartment of the joint. 15. The facial nerve supplies a. nasalis through the buccal branch. b. temporalis through the temporal branch. c. levator palpebrae superioris through the temporal branch. d. orbicularis oris through the buccal and marginal mandibular branches. e. the occipital belly of occipitofrontalis through the posterior auricular branch. Page 4 of 6

5 16. With regard to the epidermis of skin: a. Melanin pigment is stored in melanocytes b. Thick skin has prominent epidermal ridges c. It is avascular d. It is classified as stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium e. Cells of the stratum granulosum are involved in keratinization 17. With regard to the glands of skin: a. Eccrine sweat glands produce a serous secretion b. Sebaceous glands are classified as simple branched tubular glands c. Eccrine sweat glands have a holocrine mode of secretion d. Sebaceous glands produce a mucous secretion e. Eccrine sweat glands are classified as simple coiled tubular glands 18. With regard to arterioles: a. They regulate the flow of blood into capillaries b. The tunica adventitia is not well-defined c. They have vasa vasorum d. They are surrounded by pericytes e. The tunica intima contains smooth muscle cells 19. With regard to capillaries: a. A two-directional exchange of fluid occurs b. The tunica intima is absent c. Fenestrated capillaries have intercellular pores d. Continuous capillaries are found in the central nervous system e. Discontinuous capillaries are irregularly shaped 20. With regard to the thymus: a. It is a site of antigen-dependent differentiation b. The cortex is nodular c. The medulla is characterised by Hassall s corpuscles d. It is a primary lymphatic organ e. It is supported by an epithelioreticular framework Page 5 of 6

6 21. With regard to the lymph node: a. Macrophages are found in lymphatic sinuses b. Secondary lymphatic nodules indicate an antigen response c. Afferent lymphatic vessels enter at the hilum d. It is supported by a reticular framework e. It is an encapsulated lymphatic organ 22. With regard to the respiratory epithelial cell types: a. Ciliated cells are present in the respiratory bronchioles b. Mucous cells are present in the terminal bronchioles c. Basal cells serve as stem cell progenitors d. Supporting cells are present between ciliated cells e. Brush cells may be present in the alveoli 23. With regard to the alveoli: a. The blood-air barrier is located within the interalveolar septa b. Clara cell secretions lower surface tension c. Pneumocyte type I cells serve as alveolar progenitor cells d. Pneumocyte type II cells contain lamellar bodies e. Pores of Kohn allow for collateral ventilation between alveoli 24. With regard to the facial prominences: a. They consist primarily of neural crest-derived mesenchyme b. The frontonasal prominence contributes to forehead formation c. The maxillary prominences contribute to the philtrum of the lip d. The lateral nasal prominences contribute to the alae of the nose e. The mandibular prominences develop from the second pharyngeal arch 25. With regard to the palate: a. The primary palate is derived from the maxillary prominences b. The palatine shelves fuse to form the secondary palate c. Cleft palate is caused by non-fusion of the palatine shelves d. The use of anticonvulsant drugs in pregnancy increase the risk of cleft palate e. The incisive foramen is the midline landmark between primary and secondary palates Page 6 of 6