Laura - Bio 212 Exam 4 Review

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1 Laura - Bio 212 Exam 4 Review 1. Which of the following is not a factor that affects obesity.. a. Diet b. Leptin genes c. Economics d. Social interactions e. None of these 2. What was the difference in calorie intake of the diets of the four mice in the study between normal with ad lib (NA), normal with time restriction (NT), high fat with ad lib (FA) and high fat with time restriction (FT)? a. Both the high fat diets took in more calories b. Both time restrictive mice took in more calories c. Both ab lib mice took in more calories d. Both normal diet mice took in more calories e. There was no difference 3. What was the final conclusion from the studies involving the four mice? a. Fat intake was the biggest factor with time restriction being the second for weight intake b. Fat intake was the biggest factor with ab lib being the second for weight intake c. Normal intake was the biggest factor with time restriction being the second for weight intake d. Normal intake was the biggest factor with ab lib being the second for weight intake e. No differences between the four 4. What was the main physical differences between the mice that concluded the study was right about high fat diets being bad for the mice? a. The mice that ate high fat diets weighted more b. The mice that ate high fat diets moved less c. The mice that ate high fat diets had fat in their livers d. The mice that ate high fat diets were less social e. None of these 5. In what stage of the digestion system is where parietal and chief cells are primarily used? In what organ is it used? a. Digestion: large intestine b. Digestion: Small intestine c. Digestion: Stomach d. Absorption: small intestine e. Absorption: Large intestine

2 6. Which of the following is not true about our digestion system? a. Contains rough and smooth muscle b. Lined by epithelial cells c. Have different phs in different organs d. Can be categorized as a alimentary canal e. These are all true 7. enzymes break down polymers into monomers. Example: --->. a. Hydrochloric: Amylase: starch b. Hydrochloric: pepsin: proteins c. Hydrochloric: chymotrypsin: proteins d. Hydrolyze: trypsin: fatty acids e. Hydrolyze: lipase: lipids 8. Which of the following is not used in nutrient uptake: a. Passive diffusion b. Facilitated diffusion c. Active transport d. Secondary active transport e. All of these are used 9. Which of the following does not break down proteins: a. Amylase b. Pepsin c. Chymotrypsin d. Trypsin e. Lipase f. A and B g. A and E 10. What is the function of the gallbladder? a. Stores and mechanically disrupts food b. Secretes digestive enzymes c. Site of most digestion and absorption d. Absorbs waters e. Stores bile 11. Which of the following statements is true about gastric juice? a. Hydrochloric acid is used to begin protein digestion b. Pepsinogen is converted to pepsin once the stomach reaches a high ph c. Chief cells produce H+ and Cl- ions and secrete them into the stomach d. Parietal cells produce pepsinogen, which is converted by HCl e. None of these are true

3 12. Which is false in regard to how stomach cells are not killed by gastric juice? a. Mucosal layer acts as a buffer b. Parietal cells secrete H+ and Cl- separately c. Lumen expels H+ ions to lower ph d. Pepsinogen is inactive at low phs e. All of these are true 13. What is a special projection in the small intestine? What is the most correct use for it? a. Cilia - Increases surface areas b. Cilia - Secrete hydrolytic enzymes c. Cilia - increases mineral and water uptake d. Villi - Increases mineral and water uptake e. Villi - increases surface areas 14. Which type of nutrient can pass through epithelial cells without any assistance? a. Iron b. Calcium c. Protein (amino acids) d. Fat (Fatty acids) e. Magnesium 15. Which of the following is not a type of white blood cell? a. Monocyte b. Platelets c. Lymphocytes d. Basophil e. Neutrophil 16. What is a bohr shift? a. When the ph of the blood becomes more basic b. When a small change in o2 loading leads to a large change in P02 loading c. When the blood has a greater affinity for CO2 d. When the blood has a greater affinity for O2 e. None of these 17. What happens in your blood when you are at rest? a. The ph of the blood becomes more basic b. The blood has a greater affinity for CO2 c. The blood has greater affinity for O2 d. The curve on the graph shifts down e. A and B f. A and C g. A and D

4 18. Which of the following has the greatest percentage of oxygen content in the blood a. Blooding entering the Pulmonary circulation b. Blooding leaving the Pulmonary circulation c. Aorta d. Blood entering tissue capillaries e. Blood leaving tissue capillaries f. Blood entering the alveolar capillaries 19. Which of the following is the largest and contains oxygen? a. Vien b. Venule c. Elastic artery d. Muscular artery e. Arterioles f. Capillary 20. Which of the following is a correct statement a. Blood enters from venule, leaves to arterioles, via osmotic pressure b. Blood enters from venule, leaves to arterioles, via hydraulic pressure c. Blood enters from veins, leaves to arteries, via hydraulic pressure d. Blood enters from arterioles, leaves to venule, via osmotic pressure e. Blood enters from arterioles, leaves to venule, via hydraulic pressure 21. Which of the following is not a step of gas transport a. Respiration b. Ventilation c. Gas exchange d. Circulation e. Cellular respiration f. All of these are 22. What is the normal pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere? a. 120 kpa b. 120 mmhg c. 160 kpa d. 160 mmhg e. 180 kpa f. 180 mmhg 23. What is the correct order of smallest part of the respiratory system to the largest. a. Bronchioles, trachea, alveoli, lungs b. Bronchioles, alveoli, trachea, lungs c. Alveoli, bronchioles, trachea, lungs

5 24. Alveoli is the site of. It has two cell types. The first one does and the second. a. Gas exchange: secretory: Gas diffusion b. O2 intake: Gas diffusion: secretory c. CO2 outtake: secretory: Gas diffusion d. Gas exchange: Gas diffusion: secretory e. O2 intake: Gas diffusion: secretory 25. During inhalation, the diaphragm moves due to pressure, causing the chest cavity to and air moves. a. Up: Postive: contracts: out b. Up: Positive: expands: in c. Up: negative: contracts: out d. Down: positive: expands: in e. Down: negative: contracts: out f. Down: negative: expands: in 26. What allows for gas exchange in the lungs? a. The movement of blood b. The movement of the lungs c. The surface area of the bronchioles d. Pressure differentials 27. CO2 diffuses from to, while O2 diffuses from to. a. Air to blood: cells to blood b. Air to cells: Cells to environment c. Cells to blood: Air to blood d. Cells to environmental: air to cells e. All of these 28. What is boyle s law? a. Temperature and pressure are directly proportional b. Temperature and pressure are indirectly proportional c. Temperature and volume is directly proportional d. Volume and pressure are directly proportional e. Volume and pressure are indirectly proportional 29. What happen (s) when you exercise? a. Partial pressure of O2 increases b. Partial pressure of Co2 increases c. Partial pressure of O2 decreases d. Partial pressure of Co2 decreases

6 30. Increases CO2 leads to increased, leading to and. a. HCO3-: H+ ions: increased breathing rate b. HCO3-: H+ ions: decreased breathing rate c. H2CO3: H+ ions: decreased breathing rate d. H2CO3: H+ ions: increased breathing rate 31. What would a graph of hemoglobin look like it there was no cooperative binding? a. Curve more slowly b. Curve faster c. Same curve but to the right d. Same curve but to the left e. None of these 32. On the X-axis of the oxygen-hemoglobin equilibrium curve, what type of blood is most likely being represented by the right-hand side of the axis? a. Blood in the left ventricle b. Blood in the right atrium c. Blood found in the superior vena cava d. Blood found in the inferior vena cava 33. The binding of oxygen is and. a. Covalent: reversible b. Covalent: Irreversible c. Non Covalent: reversible d. Non Covalent: irreversible 34. When P02 is high is favored, when Po2 is low is favored. a. Loading of O2, unloading of CO2 b. unloading of O2, Loading of O2 c. Loading of O2, unloading of O2

7 35. The main purpose of the phloem is to a. Transport water b. Transport minerals c. Transport organic compounds d. Transport sugar 36. How are turgor pressure and solute content related? How? a. When the solute content of the soil is low, turgor pressure increases b. When the solute content of the soil is low, turgor pressure decreases c. When the solute content of the cell is high, turgor pressure increases d. When the solute content of the cell is high, turgor pressure decreases 37. Which of the following is false about the xylem? a. Used to transport water and minerals b. Made up of the tracheids and vessels elements c. Made of tube like structures d. Dead at maturity e. All of these are true 38. How does water move through plants? a. Osmosis b. Pressure differentials c. Hydrogen bonding d. Transpiration e. Cohesion properties of water 39. Which of the following kinds of transports involves water being stopped at the casparian strip? a. Symplastic route b. Transmembrane route c. Apoplastic route d. Water channels 40. Which of the following would not make a stomata close? a. Red light intake b. Increased solute content in the soil c. Loss of water d. Increased O2 content e. Increased CO2 content f. All of these g. None of these

8 41. Which of the following forces causes sugar movement? a. Pressure gradients b. Osmosis c. Chemical gradient d. Solute gradient e. Electrical gradient f. Cohesion 42. Which of the following about sieve cells is false a. Do not have a nucleus b. Are alive at maturity c. Need mrna supplied to them d. Don t make their own proteins e. Can only push sugars up f. All of these are true 43. What is the main sugar moved by the phloem is... a. Glucose b. Fruticose c. Sucrose d. Glasistiose e. All are used equally 44. Which is false about sugar loading a. Sugar producing cells use ATP to move sugar into companion cells b. Sugars then move through the plasmodesmata before entering the phloem c. ATP is used to move sugar from intercellular spaces into the companion cells d. Sugars can move passively from the companion cells into the sieve-tube elements 45. tissue have high solute content eventually causing water pressure, while the tissue has lower solute concentration. This all happens in cells. a. Sink, source, sieve elements b. Source, sink, sieve elements c. Sink, source, companion cells d. Source, sink, companion cells 46. If you wanted to perform an experiment on how environmental factors affect neuron development, what would you use as a control?

47. Sensory neurons are used to signals, while motor neurons are used to signals. a. Send signals to PNS, receive signals from PNS b. Send signals to CNS, receive signals from PNS c.

9 47. Sensory neurons are used to signals, while motor neurons are used to signals. a. Send signals to PNS, receive signals from PNS b. Send signals to CNS, receive signals from PNS c. Send signals to CNS, receive signals from CNS d. receive signals to CNS, send signals from CNS 48. The myelin sheet is made up of cells: called in the CNS and in the PNS. a. Glia: oligodendrocytes: schwann b. oligodendrocytes: schwann: Glia c. Schwann: glia: oligodendrocytes d. Glia: Schwann: oligodendrocytes 49. What would it mean if a signal was received, but instead of going down in membrane potential, the membrane potential went up. a. The Na+ voltage gates did not open b. The Na+ voltage gates did not close c. The K+ voltage gates are open d. The K+ voltage gates are closed e. The normal Na+/K+ pumps are over active 50. If a cell receives a signal that reduces the membrane potential to -56mV, which of the following will happen? a. The Na+ voltage gates will open b. The Na+ voltage gates will close c. The K+ voltage gates will open d. The K+ voltage gates will closed e. Nothing will happen 51. Why does the neuron have a naturally negative charge? a. 100X more Na+ ion channels than K+ b. 100X more K+ ion channels than Na+

10 c. The fact the membrane is hydrophobic d. It isn t 52. T or F: electrical synapses are faster than chemical 53. In chemical synaptic transmission, what is in the vesicle? a. Calcium b. Chloride ions c. Magnesium d. Neurotransmitter 54. What are chemical signaling synaptic specific? a. The need a certain amount of calcium to open receptors b. The have certain neurotransmitter receptors c. The have different membrane permeability d. All of these are used 55. What kind of receptors are used in the postsynaptic cell? a. Ion gated b. G protein c. Enzyme linked d. Ligand gated 56. If you wanted to reduce the amount a signal is Repeated, which of the following would be a good place to target. a. Ca2+ ion channel opening b. Vesicle creation c. Exocytosis d. Ca2+ binding e. Neurotransmitter creation f. Reuptake of neurotransmitter 57. EPSP the membrane while IPSP the membrane. a. Increases membrane potential: decreases membrane potential b. Decreases membrane potential: Increases membrane potential c. Hyperpolarizes: Depolarizes: d. Depolarizes: hyperpolarizes e. A and C f. B and D

11 58. If you have the same amount of EPSP and IPSP in a cell, what will happen a. The Na+ voltage gates will open b. The Na+ voltage gates will close c. The K+ voltage gates will open d. The K+ voltage gates will closed e. Ca2+ ion channels open f. Ca2+ ion channels close g. Nothing will happen 59. Which of the following is used in emotional memories. a. Limbic system b. hippocampus c. Amygdala d. Frontal lobe 60. Which of the following is false: a. Short term memory produces no new proteins b. Short term used secondary messengers c. Long term is where a single stimuli causes new protein synthesis d. Long term causes synaptic plasticity e. Long term has mrna synthesis and gene activation

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Contact us: Class X Chapter 6 Life Processes Science Question 1: Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of multi-cellular organisms like humans? Multicellular organisms such as humans possess