Index. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.

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1 Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Acute lung injury (ALI) transfusion-related, See also Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) ALI. See Acute lung injury (ALI) Anemia described, in ICU, epidemiology of, severity of, 346 treatment of, EPO in, erythropoietic agents in, 341 hepcidin antagonists in, 342 iron therapy in, red cell transfusions in, of inflammation described, 338 in ICU with concurrent iron deficiency, pathophysiology of, described, genes involved in hepcidin regulation in, 338 iron absorption in, iron homeostasis regulation in, iron transport and storage in, 336 predilection for, 346 prevalence of, Anti-Xa inhibitors indirect pharmacology and evidence from clinical trials, Anticoagulant(s) newer agents, bleeding due to management of, indirect anti-xa inhibitors overdosing/underdosing of, 442 LMWHs overdosing/underdosing of, Crit Care Clin 28 (2012) criticalcare.theclinics.com /12/$ see front matter 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

2 470 Index Anticoagulant(s) (continued) oral agents overdosing/underdosing of, perioperative interruption of, pharmacology and evidence from clinical trials apixaban, argatroban, bivalirudin, 434 dabigatran, desirudin, fondaparinux, indirect anti-xa inhibitors, lepirudin, 433 LMWHs, oral agents, parenteral DTIs, rivaroxaban, special considerations, in VTE prevention, Antithrombin in massive or refractory bleeding management in ICU, Apixaban pharmacology and evidence from clinical trials, Argatroban pharmacology and evidence from clinical trials, B Bivalirudin pharmacology and evidence from clinical trials, 434 Bleeding anticoagulants and management of, massive or refractory management of in ICU, antithrombin, evolving considerations, plasma therapy, prothrombin complex concentrates, recombinant activated factor VII, rivaroxaban, C CAPS. See Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) plasmapheresis in, 457, 458

3 Index 471 Clotting factors impaired synthesis of ICU management of, Coagulation global markers for for DIC diagnostic scoring system, Coagulation disorders liver-related ICU management of, coagulopathy, DIC, 391 impaired synthesis of clotting factors, practical considerations in, thrombocytopenia, thrombosis risk, 391 Coagulopathy ICU management of, cryoprecipitate in, 394 desmopressin in, 394 eltrombopaq in, fresh frozen plasma in, platelet transfusion in, 392 recombinant activated factor VII in, 393 thrombopoietin-based agents in, vitamin K in, 394 Critically ill patients. See also specific types, disorders, medications plasmapheresis in, See also Plasmapheresis, in critical illness thrombocytopenia in, See also Thrombocytopenia, in ICU Cryoprecipitate in coagulopathy management in ICU, 394 D Dabigatran pharmacology and evidence from clinical trials, Desirudin pharmacology and evidence from clinical trials, Desmopressin in coagulopathy management in ICU, 394 Diagnostic scoring system for DIC utility of, See also Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), diagnosis of, diagnostic scoring system in DIC. See Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) Direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) parenteral pharmacology and evidence from clinical trials,

4 472 Index Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) diagnosis of diagnostic scoring system in, described, historical background of, ISTH nonovert, 380, 381 ISTH overt, 380, 381 JAAM, 380, JMHW, 384 laboratory tests for, coagulation assessment, fibrinolysis assessment, molecular markers, 376 platelet count assessment, need for better method for, treatment of in ICU, 391 plasmapheresis in, 456 standard definition of need for, treatment of need for, Drug(s) thrombotic microangiopathies associated with plasmapheresis in, 458 DTIs. See Direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) E Eltrombopaq in coagulopathy management in ICU, End-stage liver disease (ESLD) thrombocytopenia in, EPO. See Erythropoietin (EPO) Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in ICU, EPO, iron, Erythropoietic agents for anemia in ICU, 341 Erythropoietin (EPO) for anemia in ICU, 341, pleiotropic effects of, 355, 357 studies of, , 356 ESLD. See End-stage liver disease (ESLD) F Fibrinolysis global markers for

5 Index 473 for DIC diagnostic scoring system, Fondaparinux pharmacology and evidence from clinical trials, Fresh frozen plasma in coagulopathy management in ICU, Fulminant hepatic failure with hemolysis Wilson s disease in plasmapheresis in, G Gene(s) in hepcidin regulation in pathophysiology of anemia of inflammation in ICU, 338 Glomerulonephritis rapidly progressive plasmapheresis in, 461 H Hematopoietic stem cell transplant associated thrombotic microangiopathy plasmapheresis in, Hemolysis fulminant hepatic failure with Wilson s disease in plasmapheresis in, Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) atypical plasmapheresis in, typical plasmapheresis in, 455 Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) plasmapheresis in, Heparin(s) low-molecular-weight. See Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) diagnosis of, increased platelet destruction associated with, overdiagnosis of problems related to, suspected or confirmed treatment of, 404 Hepcidin regulation of genes involved in in pathophysiology of anemia of inflammation in ICU, 338 Hepcidin antagonists in anemia in ICU management, 342 HIT. See Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) HLH. See Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) HUS. See Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)

6 474 Index I ICU. See Intensive care unit (ICU) Immune-mediated platelet destruction increased platelet destruction associated with, 402 Indirect anti-xa inhibitors pharmacology and evidence from clinical trials, overdosing/underdosing of, 442 Intensive care unit (ICU) anemia in, See also Anemia, in ICU erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in, See also Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, in ICU liver-related coagulation disorders in management of, See also Coagulation disorders, liver-related, ICU management of massive or refractory bleeding in management of, See also Bleeding, massive or refractory, management of, in ICU newer anticoagulants in, See also Anticoagulant(s), newer agents, in critically ill patients plasmapheresis in role of, See also Plasmapheresis, in critical illness thrombocytopenia in, See also Thrombocytopenia, in ICU International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) nonovert DIC scoring system, 380, 381 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) overt DIC scoring system, 380, 381 Iron absorption of in pathophysiology of anemia of inflammation in ICU, in anemia in ICU management, anemia related to in ICU, deficiency of anemia of inflammation with, homeostasis of regulation of in pathophysiology of anemia of inflammation in ICU, transport and storage of in pathophysiology of anemia of inflammation in ICU, 336 ISTH. See International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) J JAAM. See Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM) Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM) DIC diagnostic scoring system, 380, Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare (JMHW) DIC diagnostic scoring system, 384 JMHW. See Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare (JMHW)

7 Index 475 L Lepirudin pharmacology and evidence from clinical trials, 433 Liver disease vitamin K deficiency in, 391, 394 Liver failure acute fulminant plasmapheresis in, 459 plasmapheresis in, Liver-related coagulation disorders ICU management of, See also Coagulation disorders, liver-related, ICU management of LMWHs. See Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) overdosing/underdosing of, pharmacology and evidence from clinical trials, in VTE prevention, M Microangiopathy(ies) thrombotic. See Thrombotic microangiopathies Molecular markers for DIC diagnostic scoring system, 376 Multiple organ failure thrombocytopenia-associated plasmapheresis in, 457 N Neurologic disorders plasmapheresis in, 460 Non-HIT immune thrombocytopenia increased platelet destruction associated with, 405 Nonimmune thrombocytopenia increased platelet destruction associated with, P Parenteral direct thrombin inhibitors pharmacology and evidence from clinical trials, Plasma separation from whole blood techniques for, 454 Plasma therapy in massive or refractory bleeding management in ICU, Plasmapheresis in critical illness, indications for,

8 476 Index Plasmapheresis (continued) CAPS, 457, 458 DIC, 456 hematopoietic stem cell transplant associated thrombotic microangiopathy, HLH, HUS atypical, typical, 455 liver failure, neurologic disorders, 460 renal disorders, 461 RPGN, 461 SLE, 458 solid organ transplantations, TAMOF, 457 thrombotic microangiopathies, drug-associated, 458 TTP, 455 vasculitides, 458 techniques of separating plasma from whole blood, 454 Platelet(s) decreased production of thrombocytopenia secondary to in ICU, dysfunction of ICU management of, 390 immune-mediated destruction of increased platelet destruction associated with, 402 increased destruction of thrombocytopenia in ICU and disorders associated with, HIT, immune-mediated platelet destruction, 402 non-hit immune thrombocytopenia, 405 nonimmune thrombocytopenia, Platelet count assessment of for DIC diagnostic scoring system, Platelet transfusion in coagulopathy management in ICU, 392 Prothrombin complex concentrates in massive or refractory bleeding management in ICU, R Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) plasmapheresis in, 461 Recombinant activated factor VII in coagulopathy management in ICU, 393 in massive or refractory bleeding management in ICU,

9 Index 477 Red cell transfusions in anemia in ICU management, Renal disorders plasmapheresis in, 461 Rivaroxaban for massive or refractory bleeding, pharmacology and evidence from clinical trials, RPGN. See Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) S SLE. See Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Solid organ transplantations plasmapheresis in, Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) plasmapheresis in, 458 T TAMOF. See Thrombocytopenia-associated multiple organ failure (TAMOF) Thrombocytopenia, in ESLD, heparin-induced increased platelet destruction associated with, See also Heparininduced thrombocytopenia (HIT) in ICU, during admission prognostic significance of, causes of, incidence of, 399 management of, platelet destruction due to disorders associated with, prevalence of, 399 risk factors for, secondary to decreased production of platelets, immune non-hit increased platelet destruction associated with, 405 nonimmune increased platelet destruction associated with, Thrombocytopenia-associated multiple organ failure (TAMOF) plasmapheresis in, 457 Thromboembolism venous prevention of anticoagulants in ICU for, Thrombopoietin-based agents in coagulopathy management in ICU,

10 478 Index Thrombosis risk of ICU management of, 391 Thrombotic microangiopathies drug-associated plasmapheresis in, 458 hematopoietic stem cell transplant associated plasmapheresis in, plasmapheresis in, Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) plasmapheresis in, 455 TRALI. See Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) Transfusion(s) red cell in anemia in ICU management, Transfusion reactions, See also Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), clinical manifestations of, defined, 364 described, diagnosis of, pathogenesis of, pathophysiology of, prevention of, 369 risk factors for, greater number of transfusions related, 365 patient-related, transfusion-related, treatment of, 369 Transplantation(s) solid organ plasmapheresis in, TTP. See Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) V Venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention of anticoagulants in ICU for, Vitamin K in coagulopathy management in ICU, 394 deficiency of in liver disease, 391, 394 VTE. See Venous thromboembolism (VTE) W Whole blood separating plasma from techniques for, 454 Wilson s disease in fulminant hepatic failure with hemolysis plasmapheresis in,