Surface Disinfection and Decontamination based on Hydrogen Peroxide. Evolution of the Disinfection : New Technologies Affordable for All!

Transcription

1 Surface Disinfection and Decontamination based on Hydrogen Peroxide Scientific presentation Advantages Compared to other Disinfecting Agents Evolution of the Disinfection : New Technologies Affordable for All!

2 The importance of the disinfection management In Belgium cases /year with deaths due to nosocomial infection : cost Euros! Increase of the cases for Clostridium Difficile, MRSA, E. Coli, Norovirus, Coronavirus An increase of the cost of cleaning, decontamination and disinfection maintenance An increase of working time in case of quarantine and confinement

3 What are the biocides oftenly used for disinfection? 1) Phenolic Derivatives Phenolic derivatives are slightly soluble in water. By increasing the ph of the solutions, we increase the solubility but the antibacterial properties are diminished. The interfering substances in high quantities, such as organic matters, proteins or hard water lead to the decrease of the phenolic derivatives activity. The addition of anionic and alkaline surfactants increases the solutions stability. Disadvantages - Risks: - At high concentation: phenols are corrosive for metals and other based materials. - Phenols are marginally even not biodegradable. - They are adsorbed by caoutchouc.

4 What are the biocides oftenly used for disinfection? 2) Quaternary Ammonium Derivatives The activity is decreased by the organic matters and hard water. They are more active as neutral ph neutre or when slightly alkaline (between 7 and 11) They have activity at ph <3,5. Their activity increases with temperature. They are incompatible with : - Anionic detergents (soap) - Calcium, magnésium and nitrates ions - Halogenated compounds, acids, most of phenolic derivatives - They are hemolytic and curariform taken orally: no studies report the effects of quaternary ammonium derivatives on the respiratory system: microparticles having a remanence effect of 2-4 days can be in contact with pulmonary alveoles and what about the effects on tissues, resistances, allergies?

5 What are the biocides oftenly used for disinfection? 2) Quaternary Ammonium Derivatives Disadvantages - Risks: - Not environmental friendly : toxic. - Irritating for the skin. - Leave residues (strates) on surfaces. 1. A novel transposon in Listeria monocytogenes responsible for tolerance to benzalkonium chloride by A. Müller, K. Rychli, M. Muhterem-Uyar, A. Zaiser, B. Stessl, C. M. Guinane, P.D. Cotter, M. Wagner and S. Schmitz-Esser was published in the online journal Plos One. PLoS One 8(10): e doi: /journal.pone Listeria s resistant to disinfectant revealed benzalkonium chloride; See more at: EU,1Z3LQ,7MJVVP,73K4X,1#sthash.MafCgt6B.dpuf

6 What are the biocides oftenly used for disinfection? 3) Chlorinated Derivatives Generally, more the content in chlorine is high, more the antibacterial activity is high. More the product is highly concentrated in chlorine, less stable is the product : Javel extract of 48 chlorometric can only be stored 3 months, diluted in water at 12 chlorometric, it can be stored up to 6 months. Organic matters, soap, detergents, azo-derivatives decrease the antibacterial effect. Exemple: Soap + chlorine antibacterial effect altered by the water hardness and surfactants Who controls the optimum condition of chlorine???? Disadvantages - Risks : - Irritating for the respiratory system. - Risk of corrosion at high chlorine concentration. - Bleaching. - Antibacterial activity can be influenced by the water hardness. 1. Chlorine in: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of chemical technology, 5 th Ed., Vol.6, New-York, Wiley-InterScience; 2004: Cl 2 : CAS No: , toxicologic datasheet, FT51, INRS, 2008.

7 What are the biocides oftenly used for disinfection? 4) Silver Nanoparticles based Solutions Antibacterial, fungicidal activity Disadvantages - Risks : - The disinfection process leaves residues on the surface so the efficiency in long term is reduced - Heavy metals are forbidden in the food industry in Europe - No deep study is yet is reported on the toxicity due to the nanoparticles used and their inhalation Toxicity of silver ions The Ag+ ion has mostly been used as an antibacterial agent because of its many advantages, such as it being a potent antibiotic. However, there is a risk of chromodermatosis when the skin is exposed to Ag-coated material. There have also been reports of Ag+ ions accumulating in the body after absorption [1, 2]. References: [1] Kumar R, Mu nstedt H (2005) Silver ion release from antimicrobial polyamide/silver composites. Biomaterials. 26(14): [2] Drake PL, Hazelwood KJ (2005) Exposure-related health effects of silver and silver compounds: A review. Ann. Occup Hyg 49(7):

8 What are the biocides oftenly used for disinfection? 5) Aldehydes based Solutions (e.g., Cidex ) Antibacterial, fungicidal, mycocidal, virucidal, sporicidal activity Efficient at ph>7, and high Temperature and humidity (70%) Therefore: Disadvantages - Risks : - The disinfection process is dependant on humidity and temperature : restricted conditions limited use - Application in closed environment for more than 24Hrs - Toxic, Potentially carcirogenic

9 The choice of the disinfection products Analysis of the problematic of the institution (the needs, the problems analysis of all the contacts in the technical rooms for instance, floors ) Always require the technical description and safety datasheets of the products MSDS (for instance what are the contact time for an optimized application of the product for the disinfection ) Require the in-vitro tests and control the conditions of application of the products as well as the logarithmic reduction of the germs Avoid the multiplication of the products : uniformisation (validate the supports and means of cleaning (microfibers.), analyse the possible interfering agents (soap..) to optimize the disinfection and decontamination process. Avoid uncontrolled interaction between the products The dilution mistakes

10 The new role of hydrogen peroxide in disinfection Why? Safer : H 2 O 2 degradation to H 2 O and O 2 Eco-friendly, biodegradable therefore respect the environment Not harmful for the end-users Wide range of applications and actions Rapid action No residues left on the surface, no remanence No corrosion

11 Mode of action of hydrogen peroxide on bacteria The bacterium can not resist to hydrogen peroxide : The action is precise and efficient : H 2 O 2 acts on the DNA, the identity of the bacterium The bacteria therefore can not duplicate! The aim is to eliminate the bacterium by altering the permeability of the membrane thanks to OH groups issued from: Cl 2 H 2 O 2 -> 2 (OH - ) -> H 2 O + ½ O 2 Additional mechanisms accelerate the process. The destruction of carbonous membrane bridges the use of internal bacterium compounds transformed partially in the form of active chlorine

12 EVALUATION of the PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY Comparative study of disinfecting agents Actions Quat. Ammon. Chlorine Peracetic Ac. Alcohol Phenols Aldehydes H2O2-Silver Nanoparticules HyO2 (Hymetec) * Security Moderate LOW LOW LOW LOW LOW Moderate HIGH Action field Narrow Moderate BROAD Moderate Moderate BROAD BROAD BROAD Corrosion LOW HIGH HIGH LOW HIGH LOW NO NO Cleaning capacity Moderate HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW HIGH HIGH Rinsing YES YES YES NO YES YES NO NO Environmental issue NO NO YES Moderate NO NO NO YES Food contact NO NO YES YES NO NO NO YES Stability after dilution HIGH LOW Moderate NA Moderate Moderate HIGH HIGH Irritation Moderate HIGH HIGH Moderate HIGH HIGH Moderate NO *HyO 2 efficiency probed by scientific data : thermal stability, no surface corrosion (Materia Nova, Belgium), No silver nanoparticles leaving residues

13 Material Surface Compatibility (Cole Palmer rating) with Hydrogen Peroxide

14 New technologies based on hydrogen peroxide Manual cleaning and disinfection 3% Hydrogen peroxide solution HyO2 médical 2 actions in 1 product: clean and disinfect in the same time No residues, No corrosion on surfaces Wide spectrum of action and efficacy ( tested on C Difficile, E.Coli, Aspergillus, ) Safe for the users Ready to use

15 New technologies based on hydrogen peroxide On wheelchair - 1 Min contact time - Incubation 72Hrs Millions of bacterial colonies Eliminated by the Action of Hymedical H 2 O 2 (3%) On bedside table

16 New technologies based on hydrogen peroxide Before and After H 2 O 2 (Hymedical) Application Bathroom sink (cleaning was just done with a disinfecting agent containing quaternary ammonium) Patient bed Mould + Bacteria Mechanical (manual) cleaning is important to withdraw the biofilm however, it has constraints: physical consideration, personnel training, quality of the product, contact time

17 New technologies based on hydrogen peroxide Disinfection by aerial spray : Nebulization by HYSPRAY 7% hydrogen peroxide solution: HyO 2 Technical : enough for disinfection! Rapid disinfection of locals, rooms and surfaces The pulverization (microdroplet) does not generate humity : dry pulverization Can complement mechanical cleaning Autonome, mobile, rapid No overcharge of work, maintenance, easy use and efficient Reach spaces of the patient room that can be inaccessible Cover all the spaces from 5m 3 to 165 m 3 Cost effective : 6ml/m 3 Process responding to a need for disinfection management and efficacy!

18 Mode of action of hydrogen peroxide on bacteria using the HYSPRAY Venturi effect : HyO2 technical liquid goes up in an air whirl in the shape of micro drops which break themselves up and get charged with negative and positive from the ionised air. H 2 O 2 will turn into OH -, and that will combine again in water and oxygen after their effect on the bacterial membrane. In gas state, H 2 O 2 dissociates in the following manner and with the total absence of corrosiveness and dry nebulization H 2 O 2 -> 2 (OH-) -> H 2 O + ½ O 2

19 New technologies based on hydrogen peroxide ACTION ON NOROVIRUS AND CORONAVIRUS!!! Norovirus: A genus of genetically diverse single-stranded RNA, nonenveloped viruses in the Caliciviridae family. The known viruses in the genus are all considered to be the variant strains of a single species called Norwalk virus Coronavirus: Enveloped virus with a positive-sense RNA genome and with a nanocapside of helical symetry. The known viruses in the genus are all considered to be the variant strains of a single species called Norwalk virus

20 New technologies based on hydrogen peroxide ACTION ON NOROVIRUS AND CORONAVIRUS!!! HYDROGEN PEROXIDE ACTS AND IS EFFICIENT AGAINST ENVELOPPED and NON-ENVELOPPED VIRUSES These latest known as difficult ones ARE ERADICATED by the HYO2 Hydrogen Peroxide Tests validated - : on Norovirus Murin norovirus (MNV), strain CW1 Feline calicivirus (FCV), strain F9

21 New technologies based on hydrogen peroxide Results in patient room with C.difficile contamination Chair Toilet liner Bedside table After HyO2 Hyspray After HyO2 Hyspray

22 Tests realized with 3% HyPro Médical and 7% HyPro Technical products (MD) HyO2 eradicates among others the following germs: Virus: Liège University, Parasitic and Infectious Diseases Department (Belgium) Norovirus Murin (MNV) Calicivirus feline (FCV) (When the destruction of non-enveloped viruses is achieved, we can assert the effectiveness on enveloped viruses) Bacteria: Microbiological research Institute (COFRA) Pseudomonas aeruginosa Escherichia Coli Staphylococcus Aureus Fungal Strains: Candida Albicans: Test Doctor Hubrechts (MD) Aspergillus Niger: Microbiological research Institute (COFRA) Penicillium SPP: Laboratory and analysis of foodstuffs and environments Spores: Clostridium difficile: Microbiological unit, C Difficile reference Centre, Catholic University of Louvain (Belgium) Bacillus_stearothermophilus : Lille Pasteur Institute (France)

23 Hydrogen peroxide based HYSPRAY SIMPLE PROCESS FOR DISINFECTION IS ALSO IMPORTANT!!

24 Modus Operandi of the HySpray 1. Cleaning 2. Hyspray Setup 3. Defining the volume and space for the disinfection and start the process 4. Close the infection room 5. Disinfected room available in one hour

25 Monitoring the conditions and parameters of the disinfection process is part of a good management HYCONTROL device Hycontrol is a continuous detection system of the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the atmosphere, room temperature and the duration of the pulverizing of H 2 O 2. Hycontrol can plot the efficiency of the disinfection and store measures in archival forms via an internet platform. The user can visualize in live the data collected via a computer.

26 Conclusions GOOD NEWS!!! Solutions exist to eradicate all surfaces contaminations Those include: Proper hand hygiene Continuous training of the heathcare personnel The appropriate and efficient products: Hydrogen Peroxide is the moleculepresenting more advanges

27 For all Sectors where Hygiene is Essential! Medical field Ambulances Laboratory Veterinary Food industry

28 Products and Equipments for Infection Control, Disinfection and Decontamination HyPro Medical 3% Hyspray Hypro Technical 7% Hycontrol