CELLULAR RESPIRATION

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Jacob Skinner
5 years ago
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1 CELLULAR RESPIRATION

2 ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS How is energy transferred between the processes of cellular respiration and photosynthesis? What are the reactants and products for photosynthesis and cellular respiration? Compare these processes with regard to efficiency of ATP formation, the types of organisms using these processes, and the organelles involved. (Anaerobic respiration should include lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation.) Explain ways that organisms use released energy for maintaining homeostasis (active transport).

3 Where Do Plants Get Energy? Plants get energy from the sun and store it in the bonds of glucose

4 Glucose Turns into Energy How do we get energy? by eating food. What types of food provide the most energy? Carbs (sugars or glucose) have the most energy e.g. candy bars, wheat, potatoes, rice, pasta What does your body do to the food you eat? - Our body digests our food (breaks apart bonds), releasing energy

5 Breaking Bonds Breaking bonds releases energy! Energy is stored in the glucose bonds; breaking them releases the energy What form of energy do our cell (and our body) use? the molecule ATP So.. our body breaks down glucose and uses it to make ATP (ENERGY!) Which organelle is responsible for producing energy for our cells? The MITOCHONDRIA

6 What is ATP? ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a nucleic acid that can transfer energy within the cell. The energy in ATP is stored in the bonds between the phosphates (ATP has 3 phosphates). /ahp/lad/c7/graphics/c7_atp_2.gif

7 Recall the characteristics of life- all organisms require energy. Energy from food must be converted to the ONLY energy source that cells can use ATP!

8 Cellular Respiration Respiration is the conversion of chemical energy into useable energy Respiration occurs continuously in all cells of all organisms.

9 MIGHTY MITOCHONDRIA The mitochondria in cells breaks down glucose and produces energy (ATP) This process is referred to as cellular respiration. Done by ALL living THINGS!!! (plants, animals, fungi, protists, bacteria)

10 HOLD IT! Notice Anything Similar? Equation for photosynthesis: Energy + 6H 2 O + 6CO 2 C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Equation for cellular respiration: 6O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 6H 2 O + 6CO 2 + Energy

11 Essential Question How is energy transferred between the processes of cellular respiration and photosynthesis?

12 Aerobic Respiration Aero- with air Has to have oxygen VERY EFFICIENT Most organisms on earth are aerobic

13 Aerobic Respiration Happens in the mitochondria MORE ATP is made with oxygen (aerobic respiration) than without oxygen (anaerobic respiration) One glucose molecule produces ATP

14 Essential Question What are the reactants and products for photosynthesis and cellular respiration? Where does cellular respiration happen?

15 Anaerobic Respiration Provides small amounts of ATP until the cell can once again obtain enough oxygen to begin the aerobic stages of respiration. Alternate form of respiration An- without Aero- oxygen

16 Anaerobic Respiration Also called fermentation No oxygen is present 1 Glucose only partially broken down to form waste products and 2-4 ATP

ATP Happens in muscle cells when they run out of

17 Anaerobic Pathways 2 main types of fermentation: Lactic Acid Fermentation Glucose 2 lactic acid + 2 ATP Happens in muscle cells when they run out of oxygen Happens in bacteria that make yogurt, cheese, dill pickles

18 Anaerobic Pathways Alcohol Fermentation Glucose 2 ethanol + 2 CO ATP Happens in YEAST

19 Essential Question Compare these processes with regard to efficiency of ATP formation, the types of organisms using these processes, and the organelles involved. (Anaerobic respiration should include lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation.)

20 Connections between Cellular Respiration, Cells, and Cell Transport Energy production by organisms is vital for maintaining homeostasis and that maintenance of homeostasis is necessary for life.

to rid the cell of toxins; movement to avoid danger or to

21 Connections between Cellular Respiration, Cells, and Cell Transport Examples: Active transport of needed molecules or to rid the cell of toxins; movement to avoid danger or to find food, water, and or mates; synthesizing needed molecules.

22 ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS How is energy transferred between the processes of cellular respiration and photosynthesis? What are the reactants and products for photosynthesis and cellular respiration? Compare these processes with regard to efficiency of ATP formation, the types of organisms using these processes, and the organelles involved. (Anaerobic respiration should include lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation.) Explain ways that organisms use released energy for maintaining homeostasis (active transport).

We can see the organelles that participate in photosynthesis with a microscope! Microscope Micro = small Scope = to look at

We can see the organelles that participate in photosynthesis with a microscope! Microscope Micro = small Scope = to look at How do you use a microscope? 1. Always start on low power! 2. Use the coarse