Table of Contents: SKULL AND BRAIN. Scalp, Skull. Anatomically Based Differentials. Skull Normal Variants. Scalp Mass, Child.

Transcription

1 Table of Contents: SKULL AND BRAIN Scalp, Skull Skull Normal Variants Scalp Mass, Child Scalp Mass, Adult Congenital Anomalies of Skull Base Sellar/Parasellar Mass With Skull Base Invasion "Hair on End" Thick Skull, Generalized Thick Skull, Localized Thin Skull, Generalized Thin Skull, Localized Lytic Skull Lesion, Solitary Multiple Lucent Skull Lesions Sclerotic Skull Lesion, Solitary Sclerotic Skull Lesions, Multiple Macrocephaly Microcephaly M Dural Calcification(s) Dural-Based Mass, Solitary Dural-Based Masses, Multiple Falx Lesions Thick Dura/Arachnoid, Generalized Pial Enhancement Dural Tail Sign

2 V Periv Reg Ventricles, Normal Variants Choroid Plexus Lesions, Child Choroid Plexus Lesions, Adult Ependymal/Subependymal Lesions Lateral Ventricle Mass Thick Septum Pellucidum Foramen of Monro Mass 3rd Ventricle Mass, Anterior 3rd Ventricle Mass, Body/Posterior Cerebral Aqueduct/Periaqueductal Lesion 4th Ventricle Mass, Child 4th Ventricle Mass, Adult Bubbly Appearing Intraventricular Mass Ependymal Enhancement Large Ventricles Small Ventricles Asymmetric Lateral Ventricles Irregular Lateral Ventricles Periventricular Enhancing Lesions Intraventricular Calcification(s) Periventricular Calcification(s) Periventricular T2/FLAIR Hyperintense Lesions Ex Spaces and Subarachnoid Cisterns Cistern, Subarachnoid Space Normal Variants Epidural Mass Enlarged Sulci, Generalized

3 Effaced Sulci, Generalized Interhemispheric Fissure Cysts CPA Mass, Adult Cystic CPA Mass Prepontine Cistern Mass Ventral Foramen Magnum Mass Dorsal Foramen Magnum Mass Solitary Enhancing Cranial Nerve Multiple Enhancing Cranial Nerves CSF-Like Extraaxial Fluid Collection Convexal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage CSF-Like Extraaxial Mass Sulcal/Cisternal Enhancement Fat in Sulci/Cisterns/Ventricles Pneumocephalus Extraaxial Flow Voids T1 Hyperintense CSF FLAIR Hyperintense Sulci T2 Hypointense Extraaxial Lesions Hyperdense CSF Hyperdense Extraaxial Mass(es) Hypodense Extraaxial Mass(es) Bra Multiple Enhancing Lesions, General Ring-Enhancing Lesion, Solitary Ring-Enhancing Lesion, Multiple Solitary Cystic Parenchymal Mass, General CSF-Like Parenchymal Lesion(s)

4 Cyst With Nodule Fat and Fat-Like Lesion(s) Solitary Parenchymal Calcification Multiple Parenchymal Calcifications Solitary Hyperdense Parenchymal Lesion Multiple Hyperdense Parenchymal Lesions Solitary Hypodense Parenchymal Lesion Multiple Hypodense Parenchymal Lesions Multiple Brain Hyperintensities (T2/FLAIR), Common Multiple Brain Hyperintensities (T2/FLAIR), Less Common Multiple Brain Hyperintensities (T2/FLAIR), Rare but Important Multiple Hypointense Foci on T2 Multiple Hypointense Foci on GRE/SWI T1/T2 Hyperintense Parenchymal Lesions T1 Hypointense, T2 Hyperintense Parenchymal Lesions T1/T2 Isointense Parenchymal Lesions Restricted Diffusion, General Restricted Diffusion, Cortex Restricted Diffusion, Basal Ganglia T1 Hyperintense Parenchymal Lesion(s) Brain Tumor in Newborn/Infant Brain Tumor in Child > 1 Year Epilepsy, Child Epilepsy, Adult i Suprat a l Bra Asymmetric Cerebral Hemispheres Thick Cortex Thin Cortex

5 Focal Cortical Mass Cortical Hyperintensity T2/FLAIR Cortical Enhancement Solitary White Matter Lesion Confluent White Matter Lesions Thin Corpus Callosum Abnormal Shape/Configuration of Corpus Callosum Corpus Callosum Holes Corpus Callosum Lesion Without Mass Effect Corpus Callosum Mass Corpus Callosum Splenium Lesion Medial Temporal Lobe Lesion Hippocampal Lesion Basal Ganglia Calcification Hyperdense Basal Ganglia Hypodense Basal Ganglia T1 Hyperintense Basal Ganglia T2 Hyperintense Basal Ganglia Enlarged Perivascular Spaces Perivascular Space Enhancing Lesions Bilateral Basal Ganglia Lesions Putamen Lesion(s) Globus Pallidus Lesion(s) Unilateral Thalamic Lesion Bithalamic Lesions Pulvinar Sign Tectal (Quadrigeminal Plate) Lesion i Infrat a l Bra Large Brainstem Small Brainstem T2 Hyperintense Brainstem, Focal

6 T2 Hyperintense Brainstem, Diffuse Midbrain Lesion Pontine Lesion Medulla Lesion Middle Cerebellar Peduncle Lesion(s) Cerebellar Atrophy Cerebellar Hemisphere Mass Vermis Mass Low Cerebellar Tonsils Cystic-Appearing Posterior Fossa Lesion Posterior Fossa Neoplasm, Adult Posterior Fossa Neoplasm, Pediatric Sel P l Pineal Region Mass, General Pineal Gland Mass Quadrigeminal Cistern Mass Pineal + Suprasellar Lesions Sella/Pituitary Normal Variants Sellar/Juxtasellar Calcification Enlarged Pituitary Gland Intrasellar Lesion Cystic Intrasellar Mass Suprasellar Mass, Child Suprasellar Mass, Adult Suprasellar Cystic Mass Calcified Suprasellar Mass Enhancing Suprasellar Mass Absent/Thin Infundibular Stalk Thick Infundibular Stalk

7 Hypothalamus Lesion Hyperdense Suprasellar Mass T1 Hyperintense Suprasellar Mass Arteries Multifocal Arterial Narrowing Vessel Wall Abnormalities Fusiform Arterial Enlargement Hyperattenuating ("Dense") Artery Ve Dural Sinus Lesion, General Enlarged Cortical Veins Enlarged Deep (Medullary/Ependymal) Veins Unilateral Cavernous Sinus Mass Bilateral Cavernous Sinus Lesions Meckel Cave Lesion Hyperdense Dural Sinus GRE/SWI Venous Abnormalities Cranial Nerves Hemifacial Spasm Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Adult Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Child Monocular Vision Loss Bitemporal Heteronymous Hemianopsia Homonymous Hemianopsia Oculomotor, Trochlear, or Abducens Neuropathy Trigeminal Neuralgia

8 Complex Cranial Nerve IX-XII Neuropathy Horner Syndrome SPINE Transspatial Cervical, Chronic Posttraumatic Abnormality Cervical, Lower, Posttraumatic Bony Abnormality Thoracic Bony Trauma Lumbar Bony Trauma Scoliosis Kyphosis Kyphoscoliosis, Child Platyspondyly, Diffuse Sacral Mass, Adult Sacrococcygeal Mass, Pediatric Sacral Deformity Acute Back Pain/Radiculopathy, Postoperative Chronic Back Pain/Radiculopathy, Postoperative Acute Upper Extremity Pain/Weakness Lower Extremity Pain Back Pain, Adult Back Pain, Pediatric Cran Ju l a Craniocervical Junction Acute Injury CVJ Abnormality, General Craniovertebral Junction Soft Tissue Abnormality C1-C2 Instability Odontoid Deformity

9 Vertebral Body, Poster Elem Congenital Vertebral Anomalies Cervical Bony Fusion Flattened Vertebral Body, Solitary Flattened Vertebral Body, Multiple Dysmorphic Vertebral Body Enlarged Vertebral Body/Posterior Element Enlarged Neural Foramen Vertebral Body Scalloping/Widened Canal Spondylolisthesis Bony Lesion, Aggressive Fracture, Vertebral Body Facet Abnormality, Nontraumatic Fracture, Posterior Element Pedicle Abnormality Enlarged Vertebral Body, Soap Bubble Expansion Vertebral Body Sclerosis, Focal Vertebral Body Sclerosis, Diffuse Vertebral Body Thickened Bony Trabeculae Vertebral Body, T1 Hyperintense Signal, Diffuse Vertebral Body, T1 Hyperintense Signal, Focal Vertebral Body, T1 Hypointense Signal, Diffuse Vertebral Body, T1 Hypointense Signal, Focal Intervertebral Disc, E Disc Contour Abnormality Intervertebral Disc/Endplate Irregularity Vertebral Endplate Contour Abnormality

10 Intervertebral Disc, T1 Hypointense Intervertebral Disc, T2 Hyperintense Vertebral Endplate Signal Abnormality Ex Epidural Mass, Spine Ventral/Lateral Paraspinal Mass Paraspinal Muscle Abnormality Extradural Lesions, Multiple Extradural Lesion, No Enhancement Extradural Lesion, Solid Enhancement Soft Tissue Calcification, Paraspinal Extradural, Normal Marrow Signal Extradural, Abnormal Marrow Signal Extradural Lesion, T1 Hyperintense Extradural Lesion, T1 Hypointense Extradural Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, T1 Isointense Extradural Lesion, T2 Hypointense, T1 Hypointense Lumbar Soft Tissue Mass, Pediatric In Ex Cauda Equina Enhancement, Diffuse Subarachnoid Space Narrowing Intradural Extramedullary, Leptomeningeal Enhancement Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, No Enhancement Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, Solid Enhancement Intradural Lesion, Serpentine Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, Multiple

11 Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, Ring/Peripheral Enhancement Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, T1 Hyperintense Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, T1 Hypointense Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, T1 Hypointense, T2 Hypointense Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, T1 Isointense" Cauda Equina Syndrome In Intramedullary Mass Conus Abnormality Cord, Small/Atrophic Intramedullary Lesions, Multiple Intramedullary Lesion, Solid Enhancement Intramedullary Lesion, No Enhancement Intramedullary Lesion, Diffuse/Ill-Defined Enhancement Intramedullary Lesion, Ring/Peripheral Enhancement Intramedullary Lesion, T1 Hypointense, T2 Hypointense Intramedullary Lesion, T1 Hypointense Intramedullary Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, T1 Isointense Intramedullary Lesion, T1 Hyperintense Cord Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, Ventral Cord Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, Dorsal Cord Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, Central Myelopathy