NETWORKING: OFFLU EXAMPLE

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1 NETWORKING: OFFLU EXAMPLE David E. Swayne 1, Keith Hamilton 2, Gounalan Pavade, 2 Gwen Dauphin 3, Filip Claes 3, and Peter Daniels 4 1 Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, Georgia, USA; 2 World Organisation for Animal Health, Paris, France; 3 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy; 4 Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Australia

OFFLU Network of Animal Influenza Experts OIE (World Organization for Animal Health) and FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

Reference Laboratories and FAO Reference Centres for Avian Influenza, OIE Reference Laboratories for Equine Influenza, OIE Collaborating Centres, OFFLU

2 OFFLU Network of Animal Influenza Experts OIE (World Organization for Animal Health) and FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) Animal InFLUenza Network: 6 continents, 26 countries, 60 experts Avian (poultry and wild birds), equine and swine influenza expertise including OIE Reference Laboratories and FAO Reference Centres for Avian Influenza, OIE Reference Laboratories for Equine Influenza, OIE Collaborating Centres, OFFLU regional laboratory contacts for avian influenza, current members of OFFLU swine influenza group, and specific staff at OIE and FAO with responsibilities to OFFLU

3 Engaging and coordinating with others EU WHO CDC NIH CEIRS STAR IDAZ EFSA NPB IFAH FEI IPC IEC

4 Communication Tool: Menu Items: About us OFFLU Projects Guidance Resource Centre Training Human-animal Interface Meeting Reports News Publications Events

5 OFFLU s Mission Provide expertise for early recognition and characterization of emerging influenza viral strains in animal populations, and effective management of known infections, thereby better managing the risk to human health and promoting global food security, animal health and welfare, and other community benefits derived from domestic animals and wildlife

6 OFFLU Technical Activities Biosafety (minimum biosafety requirements for handling animal influenza viruses) Development of standardized reference materials (e.g. H5 antisera) MTAs and Code of conduct group RNA standard Training Applied epidemiology group Proficiency testing/ring Trial Research agenda Swine influenza group Vaccination group

7 OFFLU T.A. Outcomes Applied Epidemiology Group: OFFLU Surveillance Strategy Highlight Objectives and benefits for surveillance in each animal species Influenza in poultry, wild birds, pigs, horses Pandemic H1N in pigs and turkeys Approaches and options to surveillance Options for appropriate actions Provide high level strategic guidance Coordinate and harmonize approaches to animal influenza surveillance Worldwide relevance

8 OFFLU T.A. Outcomes Proficiency Testing/Ring Trial Two OFFLU global proficiency test completed. Third in progress Reference labs plus 11 regional labs participated (Brazil, Colombia, Chile, South Africa, Botswana, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Vietnam, Thailand, Senegal, Malaysia) Real time PCR detection of AI strains using a panel of inactivated influenza viruses from different geographical regions Helps in consistency in diagnostic testing by labs worldwide

influenza Two editions: 2011: An OFFLU Agenda for Influenza Research Priorities in Animal Species 2014: OFFLU-STAR IDAZ Global

9 OFFLU T.A. Outcomes OFFLU Research Agenda Comprehensive list of research priorities on avian (poultry and wild birds), swine & equine influenza Two editions: 2011: An OFFLU Agenda for Influenza Research Priorities in Animal Species 2014: OFFLU-STAR IDAZ Global Animal Influenza Research Agenda Research needs: Surveillance and risk assessment Diagnostics development Prevention and control interventions (risk management) Vaccine development and delivery mechanisms - Host-pathogen interaction - Socioeconomics and policy

10 OFFLU T.A. Outcomes OFFLU Swine Influenza Virus group Global experts on swine influenza Represents both animal and public health Activities: Provide expert opinion and technical advice to international organizations and other relevant stakeholders Gather, exchange, and disseminate global knowledge of SIV and keep under continuous review Identify and define gaps in knowledge in surveillance and research Evaluate and communicate information regarding viruses posing potential risk to veterinary and public health

11 OFFLU T.A. Outcomes Vaccination Technical Activity Recommendations on Avian Influenza Vaccination, Verona, 2007 OFFLU vaccination technical meeting, Beijing, China, 2013 WHO VCM consultation, twice per year OFFLU avian influenza vaccine guidance Generic and specific guidance for HPAI vaccine seed strain selection Equine influenza vaccine strain recommendation

OFFLU Research Projects (lead by influenza experts) Indonesian H5N1 HPAI Vaccine Efficacy Project (2007-2010) Egyptian H5N1 HPAI Vaccine

(LAMP) for avian influenza diagnosis Collection, analysis and documentation of hemagglutinin cleavage site sequence data of HPAI viruses for

12 OFFLU Research Projects (lead by influenza experts) Indonesian H5N1 HPAI Vaccine Efficacy Project ( ) Egyptian H5N1 HPAI Vaccine Efficacy Project ( ) Avian Influenza Vaccine and Vaccination 69 countries ( ) Evaluation loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for avian influenza diagnosis Collection, analysis and documentation of hemagglutinin cleavage site sequence data of HPAI viruses for regulatory definition of HPAI viruses OFFLU review of avian influenza surveillance and epidemiological projects in some European, African, and Asian countries

13 Animal-Human Interface OFFLU Collaboration with WHO A great success! On going 2-way exchange of virological and epidemiological information (both official & non-official) Technical collaboration at all levels Pandemic H1N first test of collaboration H7N9 LPAI in China in H5N1 HPAI virus nomenclature group Exchange of influenza viruses under PIP framework FLURISK and CDC Risk Assessment initiatives WHO participation in OFFLU working groups and meetings

$Animal-Human Interface Contribution to WHO Pandemic Vaccine Candidate Meeting (VCM) A/waterfowl/Bangladesh/32281/2013_{2.3.2.1a} A/poultry/Bangladesh/91423/2013_{2.3.2.1a} A/poultry/Bangladesh/1313/2012_{2.$ $3.2.1a} A/poultry/Bangladesh/91392/2013_{2.3.2.1a} A/chicken/Bangladesh/1-B/2013_{2.3.2.1a} A/avian/Bangladesh/91402/2013_{2.3.2.1a} 97 A/Water Fowl/Bangladesh/51490/2013_{2.3.2.1a} 89 A/waterfowl/Bangladesh/51489/2013_{2.$ $viruses Includes ferret antisera production and use for antigenic analysis A/environment/Bangladesh/1019-G/2012_{2.3.2.1a} 98 A/poultry/Bangladesh/91422/2013_{2.3.2.1a} 100 100 A/poultry/Bangladesh/91421/2013_{2.$

14 Animal-Human Interface Contribution to WHO Pandemic Vaccine Candidate Meeting (VCM) A/waterfowl/Bangladesh/32281/2013_{ a} A/poultry/Bangladesh/91423/2013_{ a} A/poultry/Bangladesh/1313/2012_{ a} A/poultry/Bangladesh/91439/2013_{ a} 80 A/poultry/Bangladesh/91425/2013_{ a} A/duck/Bangladesh/19097/2013_{ a} A/poultry/Bangladesh/91429/2013_{ a} A/avian/Bangladesh/91365/2013_{ a} A/poultry/Bangladesh/91392/2013_{ a} A/chicken/Bangladesh/1-B/2013_{ a} A/avian/Bangladesh/91402/2013_{ a} 97 A/Water Fowl/Bangladesh/51490/2013_{ a} 89 A/waterfowl/Bangladesh/51489/2013_{ a} 79 A/waterfowl/Bangladesh/51451/2012_{ a} A/chicken/Bangladesh/13VIR5602-2/2013 A/poultry/Bangladesh/91414/2013_{ a} 73 A/environment/Bangladesh/1333/2013_{ a} Example of early sharing of genetic and antigenic data and their analysis from OFFLU Reference Labs and parent organizations Initially H5N1 HPAI, expanded to all H5 and H7 HPAI, H9N2 LPAI, and other LPAI viruses Includes ferret antisera production and use for antigenic analysis A/environment/Bangladesh/1019-G/2012_{ a} 98 A/poultry/Bangladesh/91422/2013_{ a} A/poultry/Bangladesh/91421/2013_{ a} A/poultry/Bangladesh/91394/2013_{ a} A/poultry/Bangladesh/91391/2013_{ a} 99 A/chicken/Bangladesh/13VIR5602-1/2013 A/waterfowl/Bangladesh/31935/2011_{ a} A/duck/Bangladesh/32077/2012_{ a} A/chicken/Bangladesh/42010/2012_{ a} A/avian/Bangladesh/NAB-440/2012_{ a} A/poultry/Bangladesh/91436/2013_{ a} A/crow/Bangladesh/1061/2011_{ a} A/chicken/Bhutan/02CL505/2013 A/chicken/Bhutan/01TI06/ A/chicken/Nepal/08TI78/ A/chicken/Nepal/232/13 79 A/chicken/Nepal/225/13 A/chicken/Nepal/PT-30/13 75 A/chicken/Nepal/231/13 A/chicken/Nepal/T-279/13 A/chicken/Nepal/T-262/13 A/chicken/Nepal/T-272/13 A/chicken/Nepal/T-274/13 A/chicken/Nepal/T-278/13 A/chicken/Nepal/T-233/13 A/chicken/Nepal/T-234/13 A/chicken/Nepal/PT-29/13 A/chicken/Nepal/T-260/13 A/chicken/Nepal/223/13 A/chicken/Nepal/T-273/13 A/chicken/Nepal/T-271/13 A/chicken/Nepal/T-299/13 A/chicken/Nepal/T-301/13 A/environment/Chang_Sha/25/2009_{ a} 99 A/duck/Vietnam/NCVD-1171/2012_{ a} A/duck/Vietnam/NCVD-1206/2012_{ a} A/Hubei/1/2010_{ a} A/environment/Hunan/3/2011_{ a} A/chicken/Vietnam/NCVD-700/2011_{ a} 96 A/duck/Vietnam/NCVD-1210/2012_{ a} 85 A/duck/Tay Ninh/ / A/chicken/Vietnam/NCVD-2749/2013_{ a} 0.01

15 Scientific networking through OFFLU Technical Meetings OFFLU annual technical meetings (4-2009, 2010, 2012, 2015) OFFLU applied epidemiology technical activities meeting (2008, Paris) OFFLU swine influenza virus group meetings (4-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014) Regional avian influenza vaccination meetings (Indonesia [2 ]and Egypt [1]) Seconding of Technical Experts Provide technical expertise on focused projects and activities, and organize high priority meetings and conferences Builds network capacities within parent organizations Anja Globig (FLI), Stephanie Sonnberg (St Judes), Stacey Schultz- Cherry (St Judes), David Swayne (USDA), Mia Torchetti (USDA), Erik Karlsson (St Judes)

16 OFFLU Response to H7N9 OFFLU engaged influenza expert laboratories to compiled laboratory decision trees, protocols and validation data for detection and characterisation of H7N9 LPAI virus, and biology of the H7N9 infections in poultry Assessment of epidemiology and diagnostics in the field situation Rapid data exchange mediated through OFFLU between WHO, OIE and FAO Information directly informed global preparedness

17 Conclusions Network of over 60 global experts in animal influenza Expertise and mandate covers avian (poultry and wild birds), equine and swine influenza Exchange scientific data and biological materials (including virus strains) Provide technical advice, training and veterinary expertise to Member Countries Collaborate with the WHO influenza network on animal-human interface, including human prepandemic vaccines Highlight influenza research needs, promote their development and ensure coordination

18 Acknowlegments to OFFLU contributors Amy Vincent Anja Globig Ann Cullinane Ariel Pereda Bandit Nuansrichy Beverly Schmitt Celia Abolnik Chandapiwa Marobela Chris Morrissy Christian Mathieu Cristóbal Zepeda Chakradhar Tosh David Swayne David Suarez Debra Elton Dirk Pfeiffer Elizabeth Mumford Filip Claes Frank Wong Gaëlle Simon Gerrit Viljoen Giovanni Cattoli Gounalan Pavade Guus Koch Gwenaelle Dauphin Hiroshi Kida Hualan Chen Ian Brown Ilaria Capua Isabella Monne Ivo Claassen Janice Pedersen John Pasick Jonathan Rushton Jill Banks Keith Hamilton Kristien Van Reeth Lars Erik Larsen Les Sims Malik Peiris Marek Slomka Marie Culhane Marisa Peyre Mary Pantin-Jackwood Mia Kim Torchetti Nichole Hines Nicola Lewis Pastor Alfonso Zamora Patricia Avalos Moreno Peter Daniels Ariel Pereda Ramlan Mohamed Richard Webby Ron Fouchier Ruben Donis Sabrina Swenson Steve Edwards Sasan Fereidouni Shereen Galal Stephanie Sonnberg Stacey Schultz Cherry Takehiko Saeto Thierry van den Berg Timm Harder Thomas Chambers Tony Joannis Tung Nguyen Veronique Jestin Viktor Irza Young Ki Choi Yoshi Sakoda William Karesh

19 Merci Beaucoup!

Contribution of avian influenza data through OFFLU network

Dr Gounalan Pavade Chargé de Mission, OIE Headquarters Contribution of avian influenza data through OFFLU network Asia-Pacific Workshop on surveillance, prevention and control of zoonotic influenza Paro,