The Circulatory System

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1 The Circulatory System

Circulatory System Learning Outcomes State the type of tissue the heart is made of State the function of the heart State the number of chambers in the heart Know how the blood flows in the

2 Circulatory System Learning Outcomes State the type of tissue the heart is made of State the function of the heart State the number of chambers in the heart Know how the blood flows in the heart Explain why one side of the heart is thicker than the other Explain the importance of the coronary artery State the function of heart valves State the function of the 3 blood vessels

3 The Circulatory System The circulatory system in the human body is made up of the heart and all the associated blood vessels (tubes that carry blood around the body).

4 The Heart Organ which is made out of muscle tissue known as cardiac muscle. Pumps blood around the body (function). Therefore described as a muscular pump Your heart beats about 100,000 times in one day and about 35 million times in a year. During an average lifetime, the human heart will beat more than 2.5 billion times.

5 The Circulatory System The circulatory system in the human body is made up of the and the vessels. The heart is an organ made of. It blood around the body. The blood vessels are a system of that carry blood to all parts of the body. The 3 vessels are, and capillaries.

6 Blood flow through the Heart eart.swf

7 Blood flow through the Heart (TO LUNGS) (TO THE BODY) (from the body) (from lungs) Deoxygenated blood Oxygenated blood Cardiac muscle The heart has 4 chambers!

The Double Circulatory System 1. Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs 2. The blood receives oxygen and is pumped back to the heart 4.

8 The Double Circulatory System 1. Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs 2. The blood receives oxygen and is pumped back to the heart 4. The oxygen leaves the blood and enters body cells. Carbon dioxide enters the blood and it then goes back to the heart 3. The oxygenated blood is then pumped to the rest of the body

10 Thickness of heart walls The LEFT side is thicker than the right side. This is because the left side needs to pump blood to the whole body so a greater force is needed. Where as the right side only needs to pump blood to the lungs so less force is needed. Right side = thinner Left side = thicker

11 Coronary artery The heart is living tissue (muscle) therefore it must have its own supply of oxygen and glucose. The Coronary artery supplies the heart muscle with oxygen and glucose. Coronary artery

12 2 minutes think/pair/share 1. What do people use to listen to the heart? 2. What sound do you hear? 3. What makes this sound? WHAT TO DO: 1. Wet some cotton wool with disinfectant and collect a stethoscope. 2. Use the disinfectant and cotton wool to clean the ear pieces. 3. Use the larger circle and find your heart Place it in the centre Move it slightly to the left Move the larger circle slowly up/down until you hear the lub-dub this is the sound of your HEART VALVES

or stethoscope) Beats in 10 Seconds Beats per minute 2.

13 Listening to a heartbeat 1. Copy and complete the following table (use a pulsometer or stopwatch and your fingers or stethoscope) Beats in 10 Seconds Beats per minute 2. Work out how many times your heart beats in 1 hour, 1 day and 1 year. 1 Hour = x 60 Helpful hint under 1 Day = x 24 here! 1 year = x 365 The lower your pulse rate the FITTER YOU ARE!

14 Where to find the valves in the heart

15 The treatment for faulty valves Mechanical valve Pig tissue valve

16 The heart has 4 valves. Valves help to PREVENT THE BACKFLOW OF BLOOD. They make sure the blood flows in one direction. Heart Valves Valves are like gates which open to let blood through and close to make sure it doesn t flow backwards. Closed Valves Open Valves

17 The Heart Valves There are valves inside the heart Each valves to allow to flow in the correct direction The valve to stop blood from flowing backwards in the direction Doctors use a to listen to a patient s heartbeat and check that the are working normally If valves do not work properly, a person would not be and have less than they need Faulty valves can be with artificial ones.

18 Watch this video! /anatomy-and-physiology-of-theheart/5367.html

19 2 minutes think/pair/share 1. Identify ways in which you can keep your heart healthy 2. Why do you need to do this? /heart-function-and-health/1466.html /coronary-heart-disease/5700.html

healthy WORD BANK: Exercise / salt / blood pressure / high / fatty

20 Task Copy the title below and use the word bank to below to explain how and why you must keep your heart healthy How to keep your heart healthy WORD BANK: Exercise / salt / blood pressure / high / fatty foods / build up / narrows / regular / coronary heart disease / heart attack

21 Blood vessels The blood vessels are tubes which carry blood around the body. They are:

22 3 types of Blood Vessels FUNCTION Description of wall Arteries Veins Capillaries Carries blood away from the heart Carries blood to the heart Site of gas exchange with cells Valves present? Pulse present?

23 The ARTERY Arteries carry blood away from the heart. The artery has a pulse thick muscle and elastic fibres the thick muscle can contract to push the blood along.

24 The VEIN Veins carry blood towards the heart. veins have valves which act to stop the blood from going in the wrong direction. thin muscle and elastic fibres body muscles surround the veins so that when they contract to move the body, they also squeeze the veins and push the blood along the vessel.

the wall of a capillary is only one cell thick The exchange of

25 The CAPILLARY Capillaries link Arteries with Veins they exchange materials between the blood and other body cells. the wall of a capillary is only one cell thick The exchange of materials between the blood and the body can only occur through capillaries.

26 Arteries, Capillaries and Veins Arteries have a thick muscular wall, veins have a thin muscular wall and capillaries are only 1 cell thick (VERY thin) Veins are the only vessel to contains valves

27 Arteries, veins and capillaries Arteries carry high pressure blood away from the heart. They have smaller lumen and no valves. Capillaries have thin walls (one cell thick) to allow glucose and oxygen to pass through. Also used to connect arteries to veins. Veins carry low pressure blood back to the heart. They have thinner, less elastic walls and have valves to prevent backflow of blood.

28 3 types of Blood Vessels FUNCTION Description of wall Arteries Veins Capillaries Carries blood away from the heart THICK muscular wall Carries blood to the heart THIN muscular wall Exchanges gases and materials (like glucose) between blood and body cells VERY THIN wall - only 1 cell thick Valves present? NO YES NO Pulse present? YES NO NO

29 3 blood vessels

30 Average pulse rates Age Pulse (beats per minute) Newborn months months year years years years years years years 85 Adult 70 Collect graph paper and turn this information into a bar graph You know it is BAR graph because you have one set of numbers and one set of words The words will go at the bottom of the graph

31 Newborn 3 months 6 months 9 months Pulse (bpm) Age (months and years)

KS4 Biology. The Heart and Circulatory System. 1 of 49. Boardworks Ltd 2004

KS4 Biology. The Heart and Circulatory System. 1 of 49. Boardworks Ltd 2004 1 of 49 KS4 Biology The Heart and Circulatory System 2 of 49 Contents The Heart and Circulatory System The circulatory system Structure of the heart Valves in the heart How the heart pumps blood Summary