Animal Reproduction. Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. # lectures for cumulative test # 01 book 01

Transcription

1 Animal Reproduction JP Advis DVM, Ph.D. Bartlett Hall, Animal Sciences, Cook, (732) , 05 Course website: rci.rutgers.edu/~advis Material to be covered: About lecture Meetings 01-02: Introduction to Animal Reproduction (2) Meetings 03-04: Reproductive Structures and their Functions (2) Meetings 05-07: and its Liposoluble and Watersoluble Hormones (3) Meetings 08-09: The Neuroendocrine Control of Male and Female Puberty Onset (2) Meetings 10-11: REVIEW AND TEST #1 Meetings 12-17: Female and Male Reproduction and Techniques for their Control (6) Meetings 18-19: REVIEW AND TEST #2 Meetings 20-21: Reproductive Behavior and the Spermatozoa in the Female Tract (2) Meetings 22-23: Embryogenesis, Placentation, Parturition and Lactation (3) Meetings 24-25: Puerperium, Lactation and Reproductive Ageing (2) Meeting 26 Reproductive Pathology and Case Studies (1) Meetings 27-28: REVIEW AND TEST #3 AND TEST #4 slides: There are not intended to be the sole source for studying the course material!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Slides are good to review the course material after you have study your course textbook Slides are a good indicator of the relative importance of lecture topics (see slide # per topic) Group slides by titles when using them to review course material. Match lectures and text. Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis # lectures for cumulative test # 01 book 01 Introduction: rules, regulations, course overview and pre-requisites 02 Introduction: hormones, organs, control, and processes 03 Overview: organization and function of female reproduction 04 Overview: organization and function of male reproduction 05 Embryogenesis / maturation of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis 06 Liposoluble hormones involved in male and female reproduction 07 Watersoluble hormones involved in male and female reproduction 08 Neuro-endocrine control of the onset of puberty in males and females 09 Neuro-endocrine control of the onset of puberty in males and females 10 REVIEW material from lecture # 01 through lecture # EXAM # 01 - material from lecture # 01 through lecture # 09 Page 1

2 Derivation of the primary embryonic germ layers and of the various organs and systems from these layers. Page 2

3 Head fold of amnium partially covering forebrain Mid-brain Hind-brain Page 3

4 The main embryological events in the development of the reproductive system. Page 4

5 An hypothalamic pituitary unit consists of a vascular link to anterior and a neuronal link to posterior pituitary Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis Embryonic development of the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary gland (vascular vs neuronal). Page 5

6 Lesion 1 From the neural tube to the Rathke s pouch (RP) in controls (A) and in embryos lesioned in the ARNP (B) Page 6

7 The undifferentiated state has a bipotential gonad and both Mullerian (female) and Wolffian (male) systems. Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis Migration of primordial germ cells from the yolk sac into the gonadal ridge. Page 7

8 Development and regression of the mesonephros with concurrent development of the gonad (dorsal view). Page 8

9 Pathway of events leading to formation of the male and female reproductive system. Page 9

10 The bipotential gonad can give origin to an ovary (cortex, default) or to a testis (medulla). Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis The female pattern is default unless TDF, a transcription factor of the SRY gene, is present Page 10

11 beware of single bars Complete testicular feminization (XY, AR mutation) and an undervirilized male Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis The developmental sequence of the testis. Page 11

12 Major steps in the descent of the testes. Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (cranial) (caudal) Fusion of paramesonephric ducts with urogenital sinus to form the vagina (left, dorsal view) and the formation of supportive structures of female tract. Page 12

13 (surge center is active in females but inactive in males due to the hypothalamic sex differentiation. Thus, only females have preovulatory LH surges). Q2 A phasic GnRH neuronal subnetwork is involved in the genesis of the preovulatory surge of LH. A tonic subnetwork is involved in the negative feedback on LH. Comments on question #02 Page 13

14 Comments on question #02 Page 14