GSCI 2202 FOOD FOR HEALTH. Eat to compete: Dietary Supplements

Transcription

1 GSCI 2202 FOOD FOR HEALTH Eat to compete: Dietary Supplements

2 Dietary supplements on the market are: NOT regulated Could contain illegal substances Could be costly Could be harmful

3 Current laws on dietary supplements No requirement for efficacy (proof they do what they claim) No requirement for safety (proof they cause no harm)

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5 FDA initiatives Implement process to evaluate dietary supplements Set standards for consistency Provide guidance on what claims can be made

6 Advice for youth Consult with a healthcare professional, MD, pharmacist, or registered dietitian

7 Dietary supplements include Any product intended to supplement dietary intake Examples Vitamins/Minerals Herbs and Botanicals Protein/Amino Acids

8 Herbs and Botanicals Dietary supplements that contain extracts or active ingredients from plants

9 St. John s Wort Suggested to help depression Negative side effects No tests on long-term safety Ginkgo biloba Increases blood flow to brain Large doses can cause restlessness, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting

10 Ginseng Green tea Clinical tests show mixed results for claims May boost immune system, increase metabolism, act as antioxidant, lower cholesterol and triglycerides

11 Risks of Herbal Supplements No standards exist Little scientific evidence is available Can be potent

12 Creatine Natural substance produced by body Claims: Improve muscle power during high intensity and short duration exercise Problems Could cause muscle cramps, headaches, diarrhea, and gastrointestinal pain; stress on kidneys Long term effects are unknown Youth: muscles develop more quickly than bone increases risk of fractures

13 Creatine Summary Pros Cons Has been proven to increase energy in short duration, repetitive exercises (<60 sec) No benefit in aerobic ability or endurance Weight gained is mostly water weight and not muscle, which can hinder performance Negative side effects are a possibility Not approved by FDA and labels may be incorrect

14 Protein/Amino Acids Essential macronutrient found in the body and in food Protein supplement food sources include Egg Soy Whey

15 Amino Acids Supplements Pre-digested protein Claim Because they are pre-digested, they will be absorbed better. Fact The body gets better use out of amino acids if they are broken down from whole foods.

16 Amino Acid Supplements Amino 2000 Amino Acid Supplement Chicken Breast 100% Whey Protein Supplement Protein/Serving 30 g /18 tablets 31 g / 3.5 ounces 23 g / 1 scoop Price/31g of Protein $4.03 $0.62 $0.93

17 Protein Claims for supplementation Supports muscle growth Increases muscle strength and mass Improves recovery Problems with supplementation Dehydration Stress on kidneys Increased calcium excretion Reduced intake of vitamins, minerals, fiber, and phytochemicals

18 Adolescent growth Rapid growth and change increases need for iron and calcium

19 Iron Anemia common among adolescents --> inadequate diet Food sources lean meat, fish, dried fruits, nuts, wholegrain breads Supplementation may improve learning, memory, and performance of irondeficient adolescents

20 Calcium Deficiency decreased bone mineral density --> inadequate diet Food sources dairy products (milk, yogurt, cheese) Supplementation beneficial if unable to get from food sources

21 If Using Supplements Choose supplements with: Consumer Lab seal of approval Reputable drug companies Watch for inaccurate and inappropriate health claims Promises a quick fix Sounds too good to be true Remember that they don t have to prove safety prior to marketing/selling prove efficacy prior to marketing/selling meet any manufacturing standards

22 Conclusions Supplements are not needed with a balanced diet Supplements are not regulated on the market and can be unsafe Choose wisely and consult with a healthcare professional for more information

23 Funded by: Iowa Beef Industry Council, Midwest Dairy Association Prepared by: Ruth Litchfield, PhD, RD, LD Contributions by Emily Lasley, Lindsey Metcalf, Andrea Seminara and Karin Westberg