cellular respiration

Transcription

1 Name: Date: 1. The energy found in ATP molecules synthesized in animal cells comes directly from A. sunlight B. organic molecules C. minerals D. inorganic molecules 2. A green plant is kept in a brightly lighted area for 48 hours. What will most likely occur if the light intensity is reduced slightly during the next 48 hours? 3. Which phrase best describes, a process that occurs continuously in the cells of organisms? A. removal of oxygen from the cells of an organism B. conversion of light energy into the chemical bond energy of organic molecules C. transport of materials within cells and throughout the bodies of multicellular organisms D. changing of stored chemical energy in food molecules to a form usable by organisms A. Photosynthesis will stop completely. B. The rate at which nitrogen is used by the plant will increase. C. The rate at which oxygen is released from the plant will decrease. D. Glucose production inside each plant cell will increase. page 1

2 4. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the provided information and on your knowledge of biology. A small green plant was placed in a flask as shown below. A sensor that measures the CO 2 content of the air in the flask was inserted, and then the flask was sealed with a rubber stopper. The other end of the sensor was connected to a computer to monitor and record CO 2 levels in the flask over a period of time. For part of the time the flask was placed in bright light and for part of the time it was placed in total darkness. The graph below shows data that were recorded by the sensor over a period of time. Which condition most likely produced the effect on CO 2 level over the first 23 minutes? A. The light was on for the entire 23 minutes. B. The light was off for the entire 23 minutes. C. The light was off at the start and turned on after 10 minutes. D. The light could have been either on or off because it would have had no effect on the CO 2 level. page 2

3 5. Which process most likely caused the change in CO 2 level in the flask over the last 37 minutes? A. photosynthesis B. respiration 10. Which line in the graph below best illustrates an effect of the carbon level in the blood on breathing rate before, during, and after a period of exercise? C. active transport D. circulation 6. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the word equation and on your knowledge of biology. Name the process represented by the equation. 7. Name the molecule represented by letter X. A. A B. B C. C D. D 8. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the summary equations of two processes and on your knowledge of biology. 11. The graphs below show the changes in the relative concentrations of two gases in the air surrounding a group of mice. a) Choose one of the processes. b) Identify the source of the energy in the process you chose. c) Identify where the energy ends up at the completion of that process. 9. State one reason each of the two processes is important for living things. Photosynthesis: Which process in the mice most likely accounts for the changes shown? A. active transport B. evaporation C. respiration D. photosynthesis 12. The diagram below represents a structure involved in. The release of which substance is represented by the arrows? Respiration: A. glucose B. oxygen C. carbon D. DNA page 3

4 13. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram illustrates a process by which energy is released in organisms. 16. In what way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration similar? A. They both occur in chloroplasts. B. They both require sunlight. C. They both involve organic and inorganic molecules. D. They both require oxygen and produce carbon. 17. The diagram below represents a biochemical process. Cells usually transfer the energy that is released directly to A. glucose B. ATP C. oxygen D. enzymes 14. The energy released in this process was originally present in A. sunlight and then transferred to sugar B. sunlight and then transferred to oxygen C. the oxygen and then transferred to sugar D. the sugar and then transferred to oxygen Which molecule is represented by X? A. DNA B. starch C. protein D. ATP 18. A biological process that occurs in both plants and animals is shown below. 15. All life depends on the availability of usable energy. This energy is released when A. organisms convert solar energy into the chemical energy found in food molecules B. respiration occurs in the cells of producers and high-energy molecules enter the atmosphere C. cells carry out the process of respiration D. animal cells synthesize starch and carbon Which row in the chart below identifies the lettered substances in this process? Row A B C D (1) O 2 CO 2 glucose enzymes (2) glucose O 2 enzymes CO 2 (3) enzymes O 2 CO 2 glucose (4) glucose CO 2 enzymes O 2 A. (1) B. (2) C. (3) D. (4) page 4

5 19. A student prepared a test tube containing yeast, glucose, and water. After 24 hours, the test tube was analyzed for the presence of several substances. What substance would the student expect to find if respiration occurred in the test tube? A. a hormone B. starch C. nitrogen D. carbon 20. A biological process that occurs in plants is represented below. 21. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the information below and on your knowledge of biology. A student is opening and closing clothespins as part of a lab activity. The student begins to experience muscle fatigue, and the rate at which the student is opening and closing the clothespins slows. The fatigue is due to A. an increase of metabolic waste products in the muscles B. an increase in the pulse rate of the student C. a decrease of metabolic waste products in the muscles Which row in the chart below identifies the lettered substances in this process? Row A B C D (1) enzymes oxygen carbon glucose (2) carbon glucose oxygen enzymes (3) glucose enzymes oxygen carbon (4) oxygen glucose carbon enzymes A. (1) B. (2) C. (3) D. (4) D. a decrease in the pulse rate of the student 22. In order for the muscle fatigue to end, the muscle cells must be provided with A. oxygen B. nitrogen C. carbon D. amino acids 23. During the process of, energy is released from A. carbon B. oxygen atoms C. water molecules D. chemical bonds page 5