Biomechanical Dimensions: ES 370, Spring 2013

Transcription

1 Biomechanical Dimensions: ES 370, Spring 2013 Prerequisites: Anatomy, Physics and Calculus General Description: Biomechanical Dimensions is a first level introduction to the mechanical, neuromuscular and anatomical bases of human movement. The subject matter was specifically developed for students in the Health Related Professions. An interdisciplinary approach is used, in which material from mechanics, anatomy, physiology and electrical sciences are integrated. Quantitative and qualitative biomechanical analyses of human movement will be studied from the perspective of joint mechanics, muscle mechanics, kinematic and kinetic descriptions of multi-segment motion. Course Offering (4 credits): Lecture: M, W, F 9:00-9:50 Rm 146 Diefendorf Lab-A: M 12:00-1:50 Rm 115a Kimball Tower (North) or Rm 9 Diefendorf Annex Lab-B: M 2:00-3:50 Rm 115a Kimball Tower (North) or Rm 9 Diefendorf Annex Lab-C: W 12:00-1:50 Rm 115a Kimball Tower (North) or Rm 9 Diefendorf Annex Lab-D: W 2:00-3:50 Rm 115a Kimball Tower (North) or Rm 9 Diefendorf Annex Lab-E: F 10:00-11:50 Rm 115a Kimball Tower (North) or Rm 9 Diefendorf Annex **Note: Labs have a maximum enrollment cap. Instructors: Dr. Dan Ramsey Rm. 204A: Kimball Tower (Phone: ) dkramsey@buffalo.edu Dr. Scott C. White. Rm. 119: Kimball Tower (Phone: ) swhite@buffalo.edu Office Hours: By appointment Teaching Assistants: Erik Lewish: eriklewi@buffalo.edu Samuel Helfer: sihelfer@buffalo.edu Upon completion of the course the student will be able to: Program Competency Learning Objective(s) Instructional Method(s) Assessment Method(s) Describe the relationship between structure and function of various organ systems as related to movement patterns and exercise responses and adaptations in response to exercise training in healthy and diseased states. Describe basic human movement from mechanical, neuromuscular and anatomical perspectives and discuss methods and measurement systems used to evaluate and assess movement. Compare and contrast human movement and performance patterns between normal and selected atypical populations. Describe osteokinematic and arthrokinematic movement patterns at each of the major joints of the body. Formal lectures (PowerPoint), student labs and demonstrations, corresponding course textbook Four tests: Includes lectures & lab material 90%. Lab, assignments & participation 10% Public Health Competency (Epidemiology) Learning Objective(s) Instructional Method(s) Assessment Method(s) Understand the basic epidemiology on the development and progression of Arthritis (knee osteoarthritis). Describe which individuals are at risk, the risk factors, the prevalence and incidence, and the efficacy of various treatments for knee osteoarthritis. Formal lecture (PowerPoint), and in class demonstrations. In class exams.

2 Grading Evaluation: University at Buffalo letter grading with +/- scale according to Undergraduate Grading Policy. Grading will be based on the following weights*: Assignments and Laboratories 09% Section Tests 15% each) 30% Cumulative Exams 30% each) 60% Participation in Course & Instructor Evaluation** 01% * No special projects or other mechanisms will be available to enhance a student s course average. ** Each student who submits a completed online evaluation as reported to the Course Coordinator by the SPHHP CoursEval Administrator will be awarded a 1% increase in his/her overall course average. CourseEval procedures protect the anonymity of student respondents the Course Coordinator will receive a list of names of students who have submitted evaluations, but no faculty member receives evaluation reports (ratings and comments) before grades are submitted, and student names are not included on evaluation reports. Academic Integrity: Students are responsible for the honest completion and representation of their work. By placing his/her name on academic work, each student certifies the originality of all work not otherwise identified by appropriate acknowledgments. In instances of academic dishonesty, the severest permissible disciplinary action will be recommended. REQUIRED COURSE TEXTBOOK Hamill, J. & K. Knutzen (2009). Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement. (3rd Edition) Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. PA. Other TEXTBOOKS that could help: Enoka, R.M. (1988). Neuromechanical Basis of Kinesiology. Human Kinetics Books, Champaign, Ill. (WE 103 E59n 1988) or look for 2 nd (1994), 3 rd (2002) or 4 th editions. Hall, S. (1991) Basic Biomechanics. Mosby Year Book, Inc. (WE 103 H179b) or up to 5 th (2006) edition. Hay, J.G. & J.G. Reid (1988). Anatomy, Mechanics, and Human Motion. 2nd edition. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, (WE 103 H412a) Kendall, F. & McCreary, EK (1983). Muscles, Testing and Function. 3 rd edition. Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. Norkin, CC & Levangie, PK. (1992). Joint Structure & Function: A Comprehensive Analysis. 2 nd edition. F.A. Davis Co., Philadelphia. Class Administration: Students should check UBLEARNS weekly, at a minimum, to stay current with announcements and assignments. Class, Examination & Laboratory Materials: -Scientific calculator (Basic functions) REQUIRED For Class and Lab -Metric ruler, graph paper -Shorts, T-shirt and leisure shoes required for some labs. Note: If you have a disability (physical, learning or psychological) which may make it difficult for you to carry out the course work as outlined, and/or, requires accommodations such as recruiting note takers, readers, or extended time on exams and assignments, please contact the Office of Disability Services, 25 Capen Hall, , and also the course instructor during the first two weeks of class. ODS will provide you with information and review appropriate arrangements for reasonable accommodations. Policy on missed tests or exams: Test or exam grades automatically default to 0 if missed. The instructors will consider alternatives if the student presents a doctors certificate, or the student notifies the instructor prior to the exam/test start time. Remediation: Current Department policy requires all students with a grade of F to repeat the course.

3 Course Content - Spring 2012 Biomechanical Concepts and Terminology Section Goals: The student will be able to: describe the scope of scientific inquiry addressed in biomechanics identify and describe reference positions, planes and axes associated with human movement analysis. define terms used in biomechanics. Introduction to Biomechanics Movement & Mechanics: -frames of reference, Mechanical Concepts and Terminology Kinematic Basis for Analyzing Human Movement Goals: The student will: demonstrate understanding of position, velocity and acceleration and the relationship between them. be able to solve quantitative problems employing linear and angular kinematic principles. demonstrate understanding of the relationship between linear and angular motion.. Linear Kinematics: Position, Displacement, Velocity, Speed, Acceleration Angular Kinematics: Relative (Joint) & Absolute Angles, Angular Velocity and Acceleration. Application of Angular Kinematics to Joint Motion Relationship between Angular and Linear kinematic variables. Joint Structure, Function and Motion be able to describe characteristics of the diathrodial joint and factors that contribute to joint stability. be able to provide examples of the different types of diathrodial joints. demonstrate an understanding of the arthrokinematics of major diarthrodial joints. be able to describe the characteristics of synarthrodial and amphiarthrodial joints, and provide examples of each. Diarthrodial or Synovial Joint: -characteristics Types of Diarthrodial Joints regional applications Arthrokinematics of Diarthrodial Joints: roll, glide, spin, convex-concave rule. Other types of joints Synarthrosis & Amphiarthrosis & Intervertebral joints. Musculoskeletal Systems be able to describe the gross and microscopic structure of muscle. demonstrate understanding of mechanical factors at the contractile level of muscle that influences force. Muscle Structure and organization Muscle Mechanics Applications to Single Joint Systems

4 Biomechanics of Tissues and Structures of the Musculoskeletal System be able to describe the characteristics of the stress-strain curve for different tissues. be able to explain changes in the stress-strain curve for different tissues due to adaptation and injury. Stress and Strain Characteristics of Bone, Cartilage, Ligament and Tendon Examples of Adaptation and Injury Neuromuscular Considerations in Human Movement demonstrate an understanding of the neuromuscular basis of the EMG signal. become acquainted with methods of processing EMG for quantitative interpretation. demonstrate an understanding of the relationship of the EMG signal to muscle involvement during movement. Applications to normal and pathological gait. Neuromuscular Basis of EMG EMG as a Measurement Tool EMG in Relation to Changing Muscle Mechanics Applications of EMG to movement Kinetic Basis for Analyzing Human Movement be able to define Force and Torque and understand their relationship. demonstrate understanding of the concepts of center of mass and moment of intertia and how they are determined for humans. be able to solve quantitative problems employing linear and angular kinetic principles. be able to compose and resolve force vectors, and represent their interaction in human movement. Linear Kinetics: Laws of motion, Free Body Diagrams, Types of Force, Center of Pressure, Impulse- Momentum. Linear Kinetics Application: Walking, Running, Balance Angular Kinetics Moment of Force (Torque), Moment Arm, Force Couple Anthropometrics Mass, Center of Mass, Moment of Inertia Application of Angular Kinetics Examples of Statics - Application of Angular Kinetics Examples of Dynamics -Gait

5 Date Day Lectures & Labs Instructor 14-Jan 16-Jan 18-Jan 21-Jan 23-Jan 25-Jan 28-Jan 30-Jan 01- Feb 04-Feb 06-Feb 08-Feb 11-Feb 13-Feb 15-Feb 18-Feb 20-Feb 22-Feb 25-Feb 27-Feb 01-Mar 04-Mar 06-Mar 08-Mar Biomechanics Introduction Lab 1: Math & Mechanics Review on UBLearns Concepts and Frames of Reference Lab 1: Math & Mechanics Review on UBLearns Biomechanic Terminology and Definitions Lab 2: 1: Biomechanics lab demo Martin Luther King day Observed Linear Kinematics I Lab 2: Biomechanics lab demo Linear Kinematics II Lab 2: Biomechanics lab demo Linear Kinematics III Lab 3: Linear Kinematics Lab Angular Kinematics I Lab 3: Linear Kinematics Lab Angular Kinematics II Lab 3: Linear Kinematics Lab Angular Kinematics III Lab 4: Angular Kinematics Lab Joint Structure & Function. -Characteristics Lab 4: Angular Kinematics Lab Joint Structure & Function -Diarthrosis Lab 4: Angular Kinematics Lab Joint Structure & Function -Synarthrosis & Amphiarthrosis Lab 5: Muscle Mechanics and Force Development I Joint Structure & Function -Intervertebral Lab 5: Muscle Mechanics and Force Development I Mid section test I: Intro, Kinematics & Joint Lab 5: Muscle Mechanics and Force Development I Musculoskeletal System -Structure Lab 6: Muscle Mechanics and Force Development II Musculoskeletal System -Structure & Mechanics Lab 6: Muscle Mechanics and Force Development II Musculoskeletal System -Mechanics Lab 6: Muscle Mechanics and Force Development II Musculoskeletal System -Applications Lab 7: Stress & Strain Tutorial Biomechanics: -Tissues & Loading Lab 7: Stress & Strain Tutorial Biomechanics: -Tissues & Loading Lab 7: Stress & Strain Tutorial Biomechanics: -Tissues Adaptations & Injuries Lab Review Lecture Catch up and Review Lab Review Mar Spring Break First Half Cumulative Exam I DR JP DR/JP DR SW DR/SW DR/SW

6 Date Day Schedule (Spring 2010): ES370 Instructor 18-Mar 20-Mar 22-Mar 25-Mar 27-Mar 29-Mar 01-Apr 03-Apr 05-Apr 08-Apr 10-Apr 12-Apr 15-Apr 17-Apr 19-Apr 22-Apr 24-Apr 26-Apr 29-Apr 06-May 8:00-11:00AM Electromyography (EMG) Neuromuscular Basis Lab 8: EMG Analysis of Human Motions I EMG:-Measurement tool Lab 8: EMG Analysis of Human Motions I EMG Applications Lab 8: EMG Analysis of Human Motions I EMG Applications/Human Movement Analysis Lab 9: EMG Analysis of Human Motions II Gait cycle Lab 9: EMG Analysis of Human Motions II Linear Kinetics 1: Newton's Laws, Force, Free Body Diagrams Lab 9: EMG Analysis of Human Motions II Linear Kinetics II: Friction Forces Lab10: EMG and CP Gait Tutorial Linear Kinetics III: Muscle Force Lab10: EMG and CP Gait Tutorial Linear Kinetics Application/Review Lab10: EMG and CP Gait Tutorial Mid section test II: EMG & Linear Kinetics Lab11: Kinetics Lab I Angular Kinetics I: Torque, Center of Mass, Reaction board Lab11: Kinetics Lab I Angular Kinetics II: Segment parameters/anthropometry Lab11: Kinetics Lab I Angular Kinetics III: Moment of Inertia, Radius of Gyration Lab 12: Kinetics Lab II Angular Kinetics lv: Arthritis: The Coming Epidemic Lab 12: Kinetics Lab II Angular Kinetics: V: Static Applications Lab 12: Kinetics Lab II Angular Statics VI: Dynamic Applications Lab 13: Kinetics Angular Statics VII: Dynamic Applications Lab 13: Kinetics Other Kinetics: Work, Energy and Power. Lab 13: Kinetics Movement Analysis/Review Lab Review Final Exam II: Cumulative 2nd half Dfn 147 DR