Overview of Biomedical Applica2ons of Vibro- acoustography
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1 Overview of Biomedical Applica2ons of Vibro- acoustography Mostafa Fatemi Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
2 Credits, Acknowledgements, and Disclosure Colleagues: Azra Alizad, MD Lance Mynderse, MD (Urol) Brian Davis, MD PhD (R Onc) Robert Fazzio, MD, PhD (Rad) Dana Whaley, MD (Rad) Max Denis, PhD Mahdi Bayat, PhD M. Mehrmohammadi, PhD Ivan Nenadic, PhD MaNhew Urban, PhD James Greenleaf, PhD Adriana Gregory, BS Duane Meixner, BS Randy Kinnick, BS Grant Support: NIH R01CA148994, R01 R01DK R01CA R01EB Disclosure: Mayo Clinic and the author have financial interested in some of the technologies presented here.
3 Outline Ultrasonic (acous_c) radia_on force concepts Vibro- acoustography: Principles Vibro- acoustography Features Biomedical Applica_ons Summary
4 Ultrasonic (Acous_c) Radia_on Force
5 Demonstra_on of Ultrasonic Radia%on Force Water Beam Signal Generator Transducer
6 Acous_c Radia_on Force Experiment
7 Genera_ng different stress fields with URF Sta_c force Harmonic force Localized force Transient force
8 Static Radiation Force Con_nuous ultrasound wave: Radiation Force = (Total Power) / Speed: Ultrasound Radiation Force in Biological Tissues: c = 1.5 km/s, F=0.66 mn/w F = P/c Ultrasound Beam F Object MF 10/09
9 MF 10/09 Harmonic Radiation of Force: Amplitude Modulated Ultrasound
10 Localized Radia2on Force Key Concepts: Harmonic stress confined to a small region Conversion of ultrasound to audio range sound f 1 f 2 Δf << f 2, f 1 Force Δf = f 2 - f 1 MF 10/09
11 Advantages of using Ultrasonic Radiation Force þ Remote. target internal organs þ Noninvasive. non-ionizing þ Localized.. focused point-force
12 Vibro- acoustography Δω=ω 2 -ω 1 Comparison with B- mode ultrasound imaging: Transmit and receive signals at significantly different frequencies Transmit and receive paths are different
13 Features of Vibro- acoustography Ultrasound resolu_on, acous_c image Speckle free Angle- independent: Specular surface Resonance mode imaging
14 In vivo Breast Vibro-acoustography Combined Vibro-acoustography-Mammography System Ultrasound transducer Breast Pa_ent bed X- ray tube Hydrophone X- ray detector VA water tank Slide Compression panel MF 10/09
15 Combined Vibro- acoustography- Mammography System Scanning mechanism Ultrasound transducer External water tank ( transducer housing) VA Scanner MF 10/09
16 In vivo Breast Vibro- acoustography Normal Breast with Calcifica_on 5 cm 5 cm Depth =1.5 cm Depth =2.5 cm Δf = 50 khz Speckle free Imaging Easier to see calcifica_on
17 In Vivo Breast Vibro- acoustography Papilloma Mammo US VA MRI Lesion not seen in x- ray. In US it looks like a cyst, and ductal extensions not seen. VA is similar to MRI.
18 In Vivo Breast Vibro- acoustography Mammo US Invasive mammary carcinoma, Nokngham grade I (of III), with mucinous features (VAP037) VA The x- ray shows a hint of a cancer lesion. Ultrasound shows a dark region about (arrow) 6 mm in diameter, however it is not easy to dis_nguish that from other regions. Vibro- acoustography clearly shows the lesion with clear boundary MF 10/09
19 Tissue Structure, Surgical Scar and Clips Mammogram VA (1.5 cm depth, 50 khz) MF 10/09
20 Imaging Specular Object B/C- mode US Vibro- acoustography US Reflec_on US Transducer US Beam Acous_c Hydrophone f 1 f 2 Dual- beam US Transducer Seed Δf = f 2 - f 1
21 Vibro- acoustography of Brachytherapy seeds & comparison with Ultrasound Brachytherapy Seeds Experimental Setup Precision optical rotation stage seeds Ultrasound transducer Experiments: (1) Pulse echo ultrasound, (2) Vibro-acoustography MF 10/09
22 Vibro-acoustography and Ultrasound Imaging of Seeds as a Function of Angle OncoSeed EchoSeed Rapid Strand Ultrasound (C- mode) Angle 0 Vibro- acousotography Mitri, et al, Ultrasonics 49 (2009) 31 38
23 Sensi_vity to Orienta_on Ultrasound (C-mode) 7.5MHz B-mode Echo Amplitude vs Angle - Three Seed Types Vibro-acoustography 20 KHz Vibroacoustography - Nycomed/Amersham Seeds Normalized Amplitude Std-A vg Echo-A vg Rpsd-A vg Amplitude Std-Avg Echo-Avg Rps-Avg Angle - degrees (90 - angle of incidence) Angle - degrees Mitri, et al, Ultrasonics 49 (2009) 31 38
24 Resonance Mode Imaging (Vibroacous_c Spetrography) Key concept: Tes_ng the Integrity of Object Using Resonance Frequency Poten_al Applica_on: Imaging implants
25 Resonance Mode Imaging: Mechanical Heart Valve Aortic Valve Mitral valve Bicuspid Valve
26 Fracture in the Heart Valve Outflow strut Fracture Inflow strut Ring Goal: Image to detect fracture
27 Resonance Mode Imaging (Vibroacous_c Spectrography) 48 khz Whole valve Δf = f 2 - f khz Intact strut 2.04 khz Broken strut
28 Summary Overview of vibro- acoustography Radia_on force of ultrasound Generate localized harmonic radia_on force Conversion of ultrasound to low frequency sound Vibro- acoustography principles Features of Vibro- acoustography: ü Speckle free Detec_ng calcifica_ons ü Independent of angle Specular reflectors ü Resonance mode imaging Tes_ng integrity
29 Thank you! Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, MN
30 Thank You!
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