in Cognitive Neuroscience
|
|
- Jonah Young
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Finish: History of Cognitive Psychology Then: Physiological Measures. in Cognitive Neuroscience Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 03/29/2018: Lecture 01-4 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote to help me create the slides. The macros aren t needed to view the slides. You can disable or delete the macros without any change to the presentation.
2 Outline Finish: History of cognitive psychology Physiological measures in cognitive neuroscience Single cell electrical recordings What are they? Strengths and weaknesses of this method for researching brain function Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) What are they? Strengths and weaknesses of this method for researching brain function fmri brain scanning What is it? Strengths and weaknesses of this method for researching brain function Application of fmri scanning to human face perception Lecture probably ends here Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr 18 Overview of the History of Cognitive Psychology 2
3 Overview of the History of Cognitive Psychology Precursors to cognitive psychology Aristotle, Plato epistemology, theory of ideas and their relation to human action Experimental psychology begins in 19th century Germany Done! Franciscus Donders (response time analysis, method of subtraction) Hermann von Helmholtz (perception, unconscious inference) Hermann Ebbinghaus (experimental study of memory) Wilhelm Wundt (analytic introspection, analysis of conscious experience) Behaviorist hiatus in America: roughly During the behaviorist period ( ), cognitive psychology continued to be studied in Europe. Revival of cognitive psychology in America ( ) 1970 present: Cognitive psychology plays a major role in psychology pretty much everywhere in the world Why Did Behaviorism Lose Its Dominance in American Psychology? Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 3
4 Why did behaviorism lose its hold on American psychology? ( ) Problematic results Learning without responding: Rats that are temporarily paralyzed with atropine can learn the layout of a maze from being wheeled around the maze on a stretcher. Learning without reinforcement: Rats that explore a maze with no reinforcements show learning of the maze when they are later rewarded for running the maze. Behaviorist theories could not provide insightful explanations or a productive research strategy for studying obvious important behaviors such as: Human language production and comprehension; also, language learning. Human problem solving; human decision making. Human attention and perception. It takes a theory to kill a theory! Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 The Legitimacy of Hypothetical Constructs in Psychology 4
5 Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Experimental / Modeling / Physiological Approaches to Cognitive Psychology 5 Is It Unscientific to Postulate Unobserved Processes? Is it unscientific to postulate unobserved psychological processes in a psychological theory? Behaviorists "Yes" Cognitivists "No"
6 Cognitive Psychology Since 1960 Experimental cognitive psychology Emphasizes the behavioral approach Perception & Attention, Memory, Language, Reasoning & problem solving, Cognitive development Behavioral Approach: All dependent measures in a study are observed behavior. Computer modeling of cognitive processes Usually a mixture of the behavioral and computational approach Modeling Approach: Physiological Approach Single-cell recordings Neural imaging: PET, fmri, ERP Study effects of drugs Physiological Approach: All dependent measures in a study are measures of physiological states or physiological responses. Hybrid Approach (Cognitive Neuroscience): The study attempts to explain behavioral responses and physiological responses, and may include computational modeling of behavior. Summary of History Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 6
7 Cognitive Psychology Since 1960 Experimental cognitive psychology Emphasizes the behavioral approach Perception & Attention, Memory, Language, Reasoning & problem solving, Cognitive development Computer modeling of cognitive processes Usually a mixture of the behavioral and computational approach Physiological Approach Single-cell recordings Neural imaging: PET, fmri, ERP Study effects of drugs Summary of History Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 7
8 Summary 19 th Century European origins of cognitive research Some research during the first half of the 20 th century : Beginning of modern cognitive psychology 1960 present: Extensive behavioral research 1990 present: Cognitive neuroscience stimulated by new imaging techniques. Present: Combination of behavioral, neuroscience and computational approaches. Review of Neural Information Processing:. Psych 355,, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Start with Diagram of Nerve Cell & Info Transmission 8
9 The Parts of a Neuron (Nerve Cell) Cell body or soma main body of the neuron. Dendrites brushy projections that receive stimulation from other cells. Axon long projection that carries stimulation to other cells. Terminal buttons (a.k.a. axon terminals or synaptic terminals) End of axon where a neurochemical signal is passed to other nerve cells. Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Enlarged Diagram of a Synapse 9
10 The Synapse Point of Contact Between Two Nerve Cells Image downloaded from Wikipedia (1/9/07): Goldstein (2014), Figure 2.5, p. 30. Nice pictures of a synapse are available at: and Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Information Transfer at the Synapse 10
11 Information Transmission at the Synapse Neurotransmitters (chemicals) are transferred from one neuron to the next at a synapse. At any synapse, the transmission is in only one direction. One neuron is the sending neuron. The other neuron is the receiving neuron. Neurons can either excite or inhibit the neural actions of other neurons. Image downloaded from Wikipedia (1/9/07): Nice pictures of a synapse are available at: and Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Action Potentials are All-of-None 11
12 Action Potentials: Electrochemical waves that pass down the axon of a neuron. Action potentials are all-or-nothing. The size is the same for all action potentials. The rate of action potentials matters. The resting rate is not zero. Neural Information Processing: Time of Occurrence of an Action Potential (Spike) Time Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Summary re Neural Signals 12
13 Summary re Neural Signals Information is carried by the firing rate of a neuron, not the size of an action potential (all are of equal size). Inputs to a neuron can increase (excite) or decrease (inhibit) the firing rate of the neuron. The signal is transmitted from one neuron to the next by means of neurotransmitter chemicals that are passed from one neuron to another at the synapse. Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Next: Strengths and Weaknesses of Different Physiological Measures 13
14 Next: Strengths and Weaknesses of Different Physiological Measures Single-cell recordings Event Related Potentials (ERPs) fmri Psych 355,, Miyamoto, Spr '18 14 Single Cell Recordings
15 The firing rate of individual neurons is measured by means of single cell recordings. Today it is possible to record simultaneously from a number of of individual cells. Single Cell Recordings Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Strengths and Weaknesses of Single Cell Recordings 15
16 Strengths and Weaknesses of Single Cell Recording Methods Strengths Excellent spatial information the scientist has a very good idea where the recording is located in the brain. Excellent temporal information the scientist knows when the neuron fires to a high level of precision. Drawbacks Practically difficult to record from more than a small number of cells at a given time, e.g., 15 to 20 cells simultaneously. The method is very invasive. In humans, single-cell recordings are restricted to patients who have other reasons for undergoing brain surgery. Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Event-Related Potentials (ERP s) 16
17 Event-Related Potentials (ERP s) Measures electrical potentials on the scalp while processing a stimulus. Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Strengths and Weaknesses of ERP s 17
18 Event-Related Potentials (ERP s) Strengths and weaknesses of ERP s as research tool. Poor spatial resolution. Excellent temporal resolution. Relatively non-invasive. Sketchy understanding of the brain processes that are producing the EEG signal. The graph shows the electrical recording at one location. Similar graphs can be made for every recording location. Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fmri) 18
19 Thursday, 29 March, 2018: The Lecture Ended Here Psych 355,, Miyamoto, Spr '18 19
Brief History of Cognitive Psychology
Brief History of Cognitive Psychology Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 03/27/2018: Lecture 01-3 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote to help
More informationfmri: What Does It Measure?
fmri: What Does It Measure? Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 04/02/2018: Lecture 02-1 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote to help me create
More informationNeurons: Structure and communication
Neurons: Structure and communication http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/gall1.html Common Components of a Neuron Dendrites Input, receives neurotransmitters Soma Processing, decision Axon Transmits
More informationBrook's Image Scanning Experiment & Neuropsychological Evidence for Spatial Rehearsal
Brook's Image Scanning Experiment & Neuropsychological Evidence for Spatial Rehearsal Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 04/24/2018: Lecture 05-2 Note: This Powerpoint presentation
More informationOutline. Biological Psychology: Research Methods. Dr. Katherine Mickley Steinmetz
Biological Psychology: Research Methods Dr. Katherine Mickley Steinmetz Outline Neuroscience Methods Histology Electrophysiological Recordings Lesion Neuroimaging Neuroanatomy Histology: Brain structure
More informationto Cues Present at Test
1st: Matching Cues Present at Study to Cues Present at Test 2nd: Introduction to Consolidation Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 05/03/2018: Lecture 06-4 Note: This Powerpoint
More informationThe Contribution of Neuroscience to Understanding Human Behaviour
The Contribution of Neuroscience to Understanding Human Behaviour Gail Tripp Human Developmental Neurobiology Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Promotion Corporation Okinawa Japan Today
More informationMidterm Exam 1 ** Form A **
File = D:\p355\mid1a.a-key.p355.spr18.docm 1 John Miyamoto (email: jmiyamot@uw.edu) Psych 355: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology Spring 2018 Course website: https://faculty.washington.edu/jmiyamot/p355/p355-set.htm
More informationCellular Bioelectricity
ELEC ENG 3BB3: Cellular Bioelectricity Notes for Lecture 24 Thursday, March 6, 2014 8. NEURAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY We will look at: Structure of the nervous system Sensory transducers and neurons Neural coding
More informationOrganization of the nervous system. The withdrawal reflex. The central nervous system. Structure of a neuron. Overview
Overview The nervous system- central and peripheral The brain: The source of mind and self Neurons Neuron Communication Chemical messengers Inside the brain Parts of the brain Split Brain Patients Organization
More informationSincerely, Ms. Paoloni and Mrs. Whitney
Dear Students, Welcome to AP Psychology! We will begin our course of study focusing on the nervous system with a particular emphasis on how the brain and neurotransmitters influence our behaviors. In preparation
More informationPsyc 3705, Cognition--Introduction Sept. 13, 2013
Cognitive Psychology: Introduction COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY The domain of Cognitive Psychology A brief history of Cognitive Psychology Professor: Dana R. Murphy, Ph.D. Meeting times: Fridays 9 AM to 11:50
More informationBeyond fmri. Joe Kable Summer Workshop on Decision Neuroscience August 21, 2009
Beyond fmri Joe Kable Summer Workshop on Decision Neuroscience August 21, 2009 What are the strengths of fmri?! Noninvasive, safe! Can be done in humans! Verified correlate of neural activity! Great spatio-temporal
More informationSensory Memory, Short-Term Memory & Working Memory
Sensory, Short-Term & Working Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 04/17/2018: Lecture 04-2 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote to help me create
More informationChapter 6 Section 1. The Nervous System: The Basic Structure
Chapter 6 Section 1 The Nervous System: The Basic Structure Essential Question: How does studying the biology of the brain give us an understanding of our behavior? Draw or type 2 things you already know
More informationChapter 1 Introduction. Welcome to Our World Thresholds and the Dawn of Psychophysics Sensory Neuroscience and the Biology of Perception
1 Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction Welcome to Our World Thresholds and the Dawn of Psychophysics Sensory Neuroscience and the Biology of Perception Introduction What do we mean by Sensation & Perception?
More informationIntroduction. Visual Perception Aditi Majumder, UCI. Perception is taken for granted!
Introduction Visual Perception Perception is taken for granted! Slide 2 1 Perception is very complex Perceive Locate Identify/Recognize Different objects Their relationship with each other Qualitative
More informationBrief History of Work in the area of Learning and Memory
Brief History of Work in the area of Learning and Memory Basic Questions how does memory work are there different kinds of memory what is their logic where in the brain do we learn where do we store what
More information2Lesson. Outline 3.2. Lesson Plan. The OVERVIEW. Lesson 3.2: How do our neurons communicate with each other? LESSON. Unit1.2
Outline OVERVIEW Rationale: This lesson is intended to introduce students to the process of synaptic transmission, which is how one neuron communicates with another neuron. Using the pain pathway as a
More informationThe Central Nervous System
The Central Nervous System Cellular Basis. Neural Communication. Major Structures. Principles & Methods. Principles of Neural Organization Big Question #1: Representation. How is the external world coded
More informationPsychophysics & a brief intro to the nervous system
Psychophysics & a brief intro to the nervous system Jonathan Pillow Perception (PSY 345 / NEU 325) Princeton University, Fall 2017 Lec. 3 Outline for today: psychophysics Weber-Fechner Law Signal Detection
More informationMyers Psychology for AP*
Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010 *AP is a trademark registered and/or owned by the College Board, which
More informationBioscience in the 21st century
Bioscience in the 21st century Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling Dr. Michael Burger Outline: 1. Why neuroscience? 2. The neuron 3. Action potentials 4. Synapses 5. Organization of the nervous system 6.
More informationAnatomy Review. Graphics are used with permission of: Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings (
Anatomy Review Graphics are used with permission of: Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings (http://www.aw-bc.com) Page 1. Introduction Neurons communicate with other cells at junctions
More informationBrain and behaviour (Wk 6 + 7)
Brain and behaviour (Wk 6 + 7) What is a neuron? What is the cell body? What is the axon? The basic building block of the nervous system, the individual nerve cell that receives, processes and transmits
More informationfmri (functional MRI)
Lesion fmri (functional MRI) Electroencephalogram (EEG) Brainstem CT (computed tomography) Scan Medulla PET (positron emission tomography) Scan Reticular Formation MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) Thalamus
More informationThe Nervous System II Neurons
The Nervous System II Neurons Review Nervous System What is it? The system that receives, processes, stores and transmits information that comes from various parts of the body and the external world. Composed
More information2Lesson. Outline 3.3. Lesson Plan. The OVERVIEW. Lesson 3.3 Why does applying pressure relieve pain? LESSON. Unit1.2
Outline 2Lesson Unit1.2 OVERVIEW Rationale: This lesson introduces students to inhibitory synapses. To review synaptic transmission, the class involves a student model pathway to act out synaptic transmission.
More informationNeural and Hormonal Systems
PSYCHOLOGY (8th Edition, in Modules) David Myers PowerPoint Slides Worth Publishers, 2007 1 Neural and Hormonal Systems Module 4 2 Neural and Hormonal Systems Neural Communication Neurons How Neurons Communicate
More informationBIOLOGICAL PROCESSES
BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES CHAPTER 3 1 LEARNING GOALS Discuss how the nervous system communicates internally. Describe the structure and function of neurons Describe how the neuron transmits information Describe
More informationHeuristics & Biases:
Heuristics & Biases: The Availability Heuristic and The Representativeness Heuristic Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 05/29/2018: Lecture 10-2 Note: This Powerpoint presentation
More informationTerm 1 Review Questions
AP Psychology Name Short Answer Term 1 Review Questions 1. Julie, a physics major, has difficulty believing that psychology is a science, because people cannot observe other people's thoughts and sensations.
More informationPsychology 466: Judgment & Decision Making
Psychology 466: Judgment & Decision Making Psychology 466: Judgment & Decision Making Instructor: John Miyamoto 09/28/2017: Lecture 01-2 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote
More informationComputational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN)
introduction people!s background? motivation for taking this course? Computational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN) Peggy Seriès, Institute for Adaptive and Neural Computation, University of Edinburgh, UK
More informationFeature Integration Theory
Feature Integration Theory Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 04/12/2018: Lecture 03-4 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote to help me create the
More informationAll questions below pertain to mandatory material: all slides, and mandatory homework (if any).
ECOL 182 Spring 2008 Dr. Ferriere s lectures Lecture 6: Nervous system and brain Quiz Book reference: LIFE-The Science of Biology, 8 th Edition. http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire8e/ All questions below
More informationBrain & Behavior Syllabus V Instructor Mike Hawken Spring 2006
Brain & Behavior Syllabus V55.0306 Instructor Mike Hawken Spring 2006 Week 1 INTRODUCTION 1/17 Lecture 1 Introduction and History of Neuroscience early influences Reading: Chapter 1, pp 2 23 1/19 Lecture
More informationNeuroscience, Zen, and the Art of Coaching for Habitual Excellence. Process Quest, LLC Marsha Pomeroy-Huff 17 September 2013
Neuroscience, Zen, and the Art of Coaching for Habitual Excellence Process Quest, LLC Marsha Pomeroy-Huff 17 September 2013 Overview Neuroscience and Human Performance Neuroplasticity chemical effects
More informationUnit 3: The Biological Bases of Behaviour
Unit 3: The Biological Bases of Behaviour Section 1: Communication in the Nervous System Section 2: Organization in the Nervous System Section 3: Researching the Brain Section 4: The Brain Section 5: Cerebral
More informationPsychology Unit II: The Brain and Biology
Psychology Unit II: The Brain and Biology NATURE or NURTURE What are the effects of biochemistry on behavior? VOCABULARY Central Nervous System (CNS): The central nervous system is the part of the nervous
More informationBiological Process 9/7/10. (a) Anatomy: Neurons have three basic parts. 1. The Nervous System: The communication system of your body and brain
Biological Process Overview 1. The Nervous System: s (a) Anatomy, (b) Communication, (c) Networks 2. CNS/PNS 3. The Brain (a) Anatomy, (b) Localization of function 4. Methods to study the brain (Dr. Heidenreich)
More informationThinking About Psychology
Thinking About Psychology Charles T. Blair-Broeker & Randal M. Ernst PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2012 Biopsychology Domain Andreas Pollok/the Image
More informationNeural Correlates of Human Cognitive Function:
Neural Correlates of Human Cognitive Function: A Comparison of Electrophysiological and Other Neuroimaging Approaches Leun J. Otten Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience & Department of Psychology University
More informationPsychology Perception
Psychology 343 - Perception James R. Sawusch, 360 Park Hall jsawusch@buffalo.edu 645-0238 TA is Timothy Pruitt, 312 Park tapruitt@buffalo.edu Text is Sensation & Perception by Goldstein (8th edition) PSY
More informationWHAT DOES 1 PETABYTE EQUAL? On average, one synapse can hold about 4.7 bits of information. This means that the human brain has a capacity of one
The human brain can store 10 TIMES as many memories as previously thought, says study Scientists found storage capacity of synapses by measuring their size They found, on average, a synapse can hold about
More informationbiological psychology, p. 40 The study of the nervous system, especially the brain. neuroscience, p. 40
biological psychology, p. 40 The specialized branch of psychology that studies the relationship between behavior and bodily processes and system; also called biopsychology or psychobiology. neuroscience,
More informationProf. Greg Francis 7/31/15
s PSY 200 Greg Francis Lecture 06 How do you recognize your grandmother? Action potential With enough excitatory input, a cell produces an action potential that sends a signal down its axon to other cells
More informationIntroduction to Categorization Theory
Introduction to Categorization Theory (Goldstein Ch 9: Knowledge) Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 05/15/2018: Lecture 08-2 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain
More informationQUIZ YOURSELF COLOSSAL NEURON ACTIVITY
QUIZ YOURSELF What are the factors that produce the resting potential? How is an action potential initiated and what is the subsequent flow of ions during the action potential? 1 COLOSSAL NEURON ACTIVITY
More informationPsych 020: Introduction to Psychology
Psych 020: Introduction to Psychology Dr. Kimberley A. Clow kclow2@uwo.ca http:// Outline A Brief Look at the Course Outline How to Study Lectures Textbook What is Psychology? Historical Overview Different
More informationOmar Sami. Muhammad Abid. Muhammad khatatbeh
10 Omar Sami Muhammad Abid Muhammad khatatbeh Let s shock the world In this lecture we are going to cover topics said in previous lectures and then start with the nerve cells (neurons) and the synapses
More informationComputational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN)
How are we ever going to understand this? Computational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN) Peggy Seriès, Institute for Adaptive and Neural Computation, University of Edinburgh, UK Spring Term 2013 Practical
More informationAcetylcholine (ACh) Action potential. Agonists. Drugs that enhance the actions of neurotransmitters.
Acetylcholine (ACh) The neurotransmitter responsible for motor control at the junction between nerves and muscles; also involved in mental processes such as learning, memory, sleeping, and dreaming. (See
More informationWhat is Anatomy and Physiology?
Introduction BI 212 BI 213 BI 211 Ecosystems Organs / organ systems Cells Organelles Communities Tissues Molecules Populations Organisms Campbell et al. Figure 1.4 Introduction What is Anatomy and Physiology?
More informationMidterm Exam 1 NAME: UW ID:
File = D:\p355\mid1a.p355.spr16.docm 1 John Miyamoto (email: jmiyamot@uw.edu) Psych 355: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology Spring 2016 Course website: https://faculty.washington.edu/jmiyamot/p355/p355-set.htm
More informationIntroduction to Physiological Psychology
Introduction to Physiological Psychology Review Kim Sweeney ksweeney@cogsci.ucsd.edu www.cogsci.ucsd.edu/~ksweeney/psy260.html Today n Discuss Final Paper Proposal (due 3/10) n General Review 1 The article
More informationNeurons, Synapses, and Signaling
Chapter 48 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions
More informationTHE HISTORY OF NEUROSCIENCE
1. Historically, how have neuroscientists determined the function of various brain regions? 2. Describe the impact of the Phineas Gage case on the field of neuroscience. 3. Explain neuron theory. THE HISTORY
More informationTHE HISTORY OF NEUROSCIENCE
THE HISTORY OF NEUROSCIENCE BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF BEHAVIOR: THE NEURON & NEURAL COMMUNICATION NERVOUS SYSTEM Combined activity of the brain, spinal cord & other nerve fibers Acts as an information processing
More informationComputational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN)
How are we ever going to understand this? Computational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN) Peggy Seriès, Institute for Adaptive and Neural Computation, University of Edinburgh, UK Spring Term 2010 Practical
More informationNeurobiology: The nerve cell. Principle and task To use a nerve function model to study the following aspects of a nerve cell:
Principle and task To use a nerve function model to study the following aspects of a nerve cell: INTRACELLULAR POTENTIAL AND ACTION POTENTIAL Comparison between low and high threshold levels Comparison
More informationCONSUMER NEUROSCIENCE
CONSUMER NEUROSCIENCE Spring 2014 New York University Stern School of Business Professor Manuel Garcia-Garcia Wednesday, 6:00pm 9:00pm Phone: (917) 769 9839 E Mail: mgarcia@stern.nyu.edu Office Hours:
More informationChapter One- Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
Chapter One- Introduction to Cognitive Psychology -Concerned with the scientific study of the mind and how the brain processes information -The mind creates and control mental capacities such as perception,
More informationBiological Psychology. Key Point for this Unit: Everything psychological is simultaneously biological!!
Biological Psychology Key Point for this Unit: Everything psychological is simultaneously biological!! NEURON Dendrites Dendrites receive messages from other cells and conduct impulses toward the cell
More informationAldeen Foundation Professional Development for Teachers October 11, How the Brain Learns
Aldeen Foundation Professional Development for Teachers October 11, 2010 How the Brain Learns Understanding the Brain Lessons From Neuroscience, Cognitive Science, Educational Research, Psychology and
More informationIntroduction. Chapter The Perceptual Process
Chapter 1 Introduction Most of us take for granted our ability to perceive the external world. However, this is no simple deed at all. Imagine being given a task of designing a machine that can perceive,
More information1. What are the two basic types of cells in the nervous system? Neurons and Glial Cells
Biological Psychology Basic Structure of a Neuron 1. What are the two basic types of cells in the nervous system? Neurons and Glial Cells a. Cells that process incoming signals and respond by sending out
More informationThe Psychology of Inductive Inference
The Psychology of Inductive Inference Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 05/24/2018: Lecture 09-4 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote to help
More informationIIE 269: Cognitive Psychology
IIE 269: Cognitive Psychology Greg Francis, PhD email: gfrancis@purdue.edu http://www.psych.purdue.edu/ gfrancis/classes/iie269/index.html Study Guide for Exam 1 Exam Date: 14 July 2008 The exam will include
More informationBiological Information Neuroscience
Biological Information Neuroscience The Nervous System Sensory neurons Motor neurons Interneurons Gathers, stores, process, and communicate vast amounts of information and uses it successfully. 10/25/2012
More informationPsychology 100 Exam 1 Spring. 98
Psychology 100 Exam 1 Spring. 98 Name 1. Which is the first person to contended the mind is a blank slate? a. Pavlov b. Watson c. Plato d. Freud e. Aristotle 2. Which of the following individuals contend
More informationHistory and Approaches CHAPTER
History and Approaches CHAPTER J :.-.. - n ;..., "".. =:1 KEY TERMS Wilhelm Wundt Psychoanalytic theory Biopsychology (or (1832-1920) John Watson neuroscience) Introspection (1878-1958) perspective Structuralism
More informationChapter 2. The Cellular and Molecular Basis of Cognition Cognitive Neuroscience: The Biology of the Mind, 2 nd Ed.,
Chapter 2. The Cellular and Molecular Basis of Cognition Cognitive Neuroscience: The Biology of the Mind, 2 nd Ed., M. S. Gazzaniga, R. B. Ivry, and G. R. Mangun, Norton, 2002. Summarized by B.-W. Ku,
More informationThe Nervous System. Biological School. Neuroanatomy. How does a Neuron fire? Acetylcholine (ACH) TYPES OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS
Biological School The Nervous System It is all about the body!!!! It starts with an individual nerve cell called a NEURON. Synapse Neuroanatomy Neurotransmitters (chemicals held in terminal buttons that
More informationSTRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE BRAIN The central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord, receives input from sensory neurons and directs
More informationBrain and Behavior Lecture 13
Brain and Behavior Lecture 13 Technology has improved our ability to know how the brain works. Case Study (Phineas Gage) Gage was a railroad construction foreman. An 1848 explosion forced a steel rod through
More informationIntroduction to Computational Neuroscience
Introduction to Computational Neuroscience Lecture 10: Brain-Computer Interfaces Ilya Kuzovkin So Far Stimulus So Far So Far Stimulus What are the neuroimaging techniques you know about? Stimulus So Far
More informationThe neurolinguistic toolbox Jonathan R. Brennan. Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 1
The neurolinguistic toolbox Jonathan R. Brennan Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 1 Psycholinguistics / Neurolinguistics Happy Hour!!! Tuesdays 7/11, 7/18, 7/25 5:30-6:30 PM @ the Boone Center
More informationNeural Communication. Neural Communication. Myers PSYCHOLOGY - Chapter 2: Neuroscience and Behavior. Definitions
Myers PSYCHOLOGY - Chapter 2: Neuroscience and Behavior 1. Neural communication - Neurons - How Neurons Communicate - How Neurotransmitters Influence Us 2. The nervous system 3. The endocrine system 4.
More informationImplantable Microelectronic Devices
ECE 8803/4803 Implantable Microelectronic Devices Fall - 2015 Maysam Ghovanloo (mgh@gatech.edu) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 2015 Maysam Ghovanloo 1 Outline
More informationPSY380: VISION SCIENCE
PSY380: VISION SCIENCE 1) Questions: - Who are you and why are you here? (Why vision?) - What is visual perception? - What is the function of visual perception? 2) The syllabus & instructor 3) Lecture
More informationThe Brain & Homeostasis. The Brain & Technology. CAT, PET, and MRI Scans
The Brain & Homeostasis Today, scientists have a lot of information about what happens in the different parts of the brain; however they are still trying to understand how the brain functions. We know
More information6.5 Nerves, Hormones and Homeostasis
6.5 Nerves, Hormones and Homeostasis IB Biology SL Part 1 - Nerves Outcomes Part 1 6.5.1State that the nervous system consists of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nerves, and is composed
More informationCOGS 101A: Sensation and Perception
COGS 101A: Sensation and Perception 1 Virginia R. de Sa Department of Cognitive Science UCSD Lecture 4: Coding Concepts Chapter 2 Course Information 2 Class web page: http://cogsci.ucsd.edu/ desa/101a/index.html
More information35-2 The Nervous System Slide 1 of 38
1 of 38 35-2 The Nervous System The nervous system controls and coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. 2 of 38 Neurons Neurons The messages carried by
More informationHistory of Cognitive Psychology and its Relation to other Fields
History of Cognitive and its Relation to other Fields Lesson I: Introduction module 02 Introduction.02. 1 Precursors of modern cognitive psychology until 1950 Roots in philosophy Plato, Aristoteles, Descartes,
More informationMyers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010
Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010 *AP is a trademark registered and/or owned by the College Board, which
More informationUNIT 3 - THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. - DIVISIONs - THE NEURON
UNIT 3 - THE NERVOUS SYSTEM - DIVISIONs - THE NEURON CHARACTERISTICS COMPLEXITY: nerve cells connecting allow you to do EVERYTHING you will ever do INTEGRATION: brain pulls all information you get together
More informationName: Period: Chapter 2 Reading Guide The Biology of Mind
Name: Period: Chapter 2 Reading Guide The Biology of Mind The Nervous System (pp. 55-58) 1. What are nerves? 2. Complete the diagram below with definitions of each part of the nervous system. Nervous System
More informationNeuromorphic computing
Neuromorphic computing Robotics M.Sc. programme in Computer Science lorenzo.vannucci@santannapisa.it April 19th, 2018 Outline 1. Introduction 2. Fundamentals of neuroscience 3. Simulating the brain 4.
More informationChapter 2--Introduction to the Physiology of Perception
Chapter 2--Introduction to the Physiology of Perception Student: 1. Our perception of the environment depends on A. the properties of the objects in the environment. B. the properties of the electrical
More informationAPPROACHES IN PSYCHOLOGY
APPROACHES IN PSYCHOLOGY WHAT THE SPEC SAYS:- A) origins of psychology, B) the learning approach, C) the cognitive approach, D) the biological approach, E) biopsychology, A) - WUNDT AND INTROSPECTION:
More informationChapter 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Chapter Outline
Chapter 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue Chapter Outline Module 11.1 Overview of the Nervous System (Figures 11.1-11.3) A. The nervous system controls our perception and experience
More informationIntroduction to Long-Term Memory
Introduction to Long-Term Memory Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 04/26/2018: Lecture 05-4 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote to help me create
More informationRepresentativeness Heuristic and Conjunction Errors. Risk Attitude and Framing Effects
1st: Representativeness Heuristic and Conjunction Errors 2nd: Risk Attitude and Framing Effects Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 05/30/2018: Lecture 10-3 Note: This Powerpoint
More informationPSY 215 Lecture 3 (1/19/2011) (Synapses & Neurotransmitters) Dr. Achtman PSY 215
Corrections: None needed. PSY 215 Lecture 3 Topic: Synapses & Neurotransmitters Chapters 2 & 3, pages 40-57 Lecture Notes: SYNAPSES & NEUROTRANSMITTERS, CHAPTER 3 Action Potential (above diagram found
More informationEavesdropping on the Mind. COGS 17 - Winter 2019 Andrew Shibata
Eavesdropping on the Mind COGS 17 - Winter 2019 Andrew Shibata Announcements - Midterm I is next Tuesday! - Exam is worth 25% of your grade - Homework 1 is due at the exam (worth 2.5% of grade) - Review
More informationHistory of Psychology: The Philosophical Roots
Psychology 1000 Sept 14 th History of Psychology: The Philosophical Roots Early Greeks and other ancients Humans and Gods were quite separate from other living things. Humans and gods reasoned about the
More information