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2 Differentiate among self-concept, self-image, and self-esteem Characterize the role of culture in determining selfconcept Characterize the role of gender in determining selfconcept Explain the roles of self-fulfilling prophecy and impression management as they relate to selfconcept Identify six ways to improve self-concept

3 Self-concept is our perceived self due to self image and self esteem. Example: Ms. Jackson is a second grade teacher and she believes is an effective, highly qualified teacher. Self-image is how we see ourselves Example: Michael sees himself as the ultimate waiter at Pappas Seafood, that s why he s always catering to and cleaning up after visitors that come to his house. Self-esteem is our feelings and attitudes toward ourselves Example: Michael has been receiving great reviews as a waiter, therefore he is very confident that he will be asked to be the evening manager.

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5 Sensing our environment-sights, sounds, tastes, and smells Parental Communication-verbal and nonverbal, extremely strong impact on the initial development Others communicationhow others perceive us and what they say.

6 Which is a value, which is a belief? Individuals should be more healthy. Tobacco companies intentionally target youths in advertising. Attitudes include an evaluation of whether something is good or bad, whereas beliefs reflect the perception of whether something is true or false.

7 Our perception of how others perceive us affects our self-concept, which affects how we behave, which is directly related to how others react to our behavior, and ends in our interpretation of their reactions (Kinch, 1963). Personal-social identity continuum identifies the personal and social level of self.

8 Individualistic orientation-tendency to stress self or personal goals and achievements over group goals and achievements. Collectivistic orientation-tendency to put aside individual goals for the wellbeing of the group.

9 Sex and Gender Women talk more than men about their relationships. Men make 30 cents more than women. Gender Stereotypes All men are dogs. Black women are gold diggers. (Women stereotypes are more negative than men) Gender Expectations Women should cook, clean, and cater to the man daily. A man that does not work, does not eat. Men shouldn t be nurses, and women shouldn t be police officers.

10 Self-Fulfilling Prophecy Above-Average effect Example: Ashley continues to tell herself I m going to pass this exam I m going to pass this exam as she prepares for her final exam in government. Due to her expectation, she indeed passed her final exam. Impression Management Perceived self Presenting self Facework-specific tactic used when presenting self to others. (most useful tactic is flattery) Example: Ms. Nickerson s friend and her avoiding Facebook to uphold her image.

11 Erving Goffman uses the term facework to describe the various roles we use to maintain our own image. Think of the various roles you play in your life. Right now you are a student. What other roles do you use? How do you alter your image to fit the different role you are fulfilling, since self concept is derived from interpersonal relationships? Why do you think you do this?

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