BIO 5 Human Physiology Pre-Lab Assignment #1 Exercise #2: Acids, Bases, Buffers

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1 Pre-Lab Assignment #1 Exercise #2: Acids, Bases, Buffers 1. What is the chemical equation for converting carbon dioxide into bicarbonate ion? 2. What is the source of carbon dioxide in this lab exercise? 3. Besides the source of carbon dioxide above, name two other chemical reagents that are used in this lab. A reagent is any chemical substance used in experiment. 4. What is the equation for ph? 5. Use a complete sentence to explain the meaning of "ph".

2 Pre-Lab Assignment #2 Exercise #4: The Endocrine System (PhysioEx #4) These questions can all be answered by reading the introduction to this exercise. None of these questions require complete sentences. 1. What three hormones are part of thyroid regulation? 2. What tissues produce these hormones? 3. What physiological event will we use to measure the activity of these hormones? Remember, a physiological event is something that changes in the body. 4. Draw a simple negative feedback loop illustrating the relationship between the hormones and their target tissues. Use a "+" when the effect is stimulatory and a " " when the effect is inhibitory. 5. What bodily function is this loop designed to maintain homeostasis of?

3 Pre-Lab Assignment #3 Exercise #3: Movement Across Cell Membranes 1. What are the three main fluid compartments in the body, and why is it important to maintain osmotic balance between them? 2. What is meant by the term tonicity? 3. What two items will we will be using to model cell membranes in this week's lab exercise? 4. What is the point of weighing the eggs in Part IA and IB of this week's experiment? 5. What is a non-penetrating solute? What is a penetrating solute? How do these affect osmotic balance?

4 Pre-Lab Assignment #4 Exercise #5: Nerve Impulses (PhysioEx #3) These questions can all be answered by reading the introduction to this exercise. You can consult your textbook for more detailed information. Define the following terms: 1. Conductivity 2. Resting membrane potential 3. Action potential 4. Threshold potential 5. From what animal(s) is the nerve tissue we are studying taken from?

5 Pre-Lab Assignment #5 Exercise #7: Muscle Physiology I Recruitment 1. What electronic equipment will be either held by or attached to the subject in this week's lab exercise? 2. What is the purpose of each piece of equipment you named in question 1? 3. What is an electromyogram (EMG)? 4. What physiological event in a muscle cell is responsible for producing an EMG? 5. Define the term "recruitment" as it pertains to muscles.

6 Pre-Lab Assignment #6 Exercise #8: Muscle Physiology II Twitch & Summation 1. What electronic equipment will be attached to the subject in this week's lab exercise? 2. What is the purpose of each piece of equipment you named in question 1? 3. In the equipment used in this weeks lab, what setting is changed to observe the occurrence of recruitment? 4. What setting is changed to observe the occurrence of summation? 5. Give a brief description of summation as it occurs in muscle.

7 Pre-Lab Assignment #7 Exercise #9: The Cardiac Cycle Electrocardiography 1. What electronic equipment will be used by the subject in this week's lab exercise and what does the subject do with it? 2. What are the three ECG waves that will be recorded and what events in the heart are responsible for producing them? 3. What are the four positions/activities of the subject while the ECG is being recorded? 4. What is the baroreceptor reflex? 5. Label the conduction system on the diagram below:

8 Pre-Lab Assignment #8 Exercise #10: PhysioEx 5: Fluid Dynamics 1. What is the formula for the relationship between resistance, viscosity, vessel length, and vessel radius? 2. What is the relationship between pressure and flow? What is the relationship between resistance and flow? In other words, if one increases, how does flow change? 3. What is the formula for cardiac output? 4. Define EDV and ESV 5. In Figure 5 2, page 66 of the PhysioEx Instructions, what do the "Source beaker" on the left and "Destination beaker" on the right represent?

9 Pre-Lab Assignment #9 Exercise #12: Respiratory Physiology 1. What is spirometry? 2. Name and define four respiratory values we will be measuring today. (2 points) 3. What is the formula for minute volume? 4. What are the two types of general respiratory disorders that can be diagnosed using spirometry? What is the difference between the two?

10 Pre-Lab Assignment #10 Exercise #13: PhysioEx 9: Renal Physiology 1. Draw a sketch of the nephron and label these parts: Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and the collecting duct. Indicate which renal functions occur in each part of the nephron: filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Use arrows to show the direction of the movement of Na + and water throughout the tubule.