ST JOSEPH S ACADEMY S1 SCIENCE

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Andrea Berenice Brown
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1 ST JOSEPH S CDEMY S1 SCIENCE CELLS: THE UILDING LOCKS OF LIFE HOMEWORK OOKLET

2 Checklist for completing homework exercises. Have you read any feedback comments from your previous homework exercises to help you with the next one? Has your homework been completed in your science homework jotter? Has your homework been given a clear title and date? Have you written out your answers in sentences? Have you tried to spell words correctly and use proper grammar? Have you used a pencil, ruler and rubber for drawing graphs? Have you labelled your diagrams and used a ruler to draw diagrams? Have you shown all working for appropriate questions and put in the correct units?

3 Cells Learning Outcomes Once you have completed this topic and revised it thoroughly, you should be able to: State that all living things are made of cells Recognise that the 3 structures found in animal cells are the nucleus, cell membrane and cytoplasm Recognise that the 6 structures found in plant cells are the nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, cell wall, vacuole and chloroplasts Describe the function of each cell structure State that the function of a cell is related to its structure (shape) i.e. sperm cells are suited to swimming because they have a tail State the meaning of the term microbe State that bacteria are microbes Name the type of microbe used in yogurt making Describe three ways in which the body protect itself against microbes Describe how vaccinations work to help the body defend itslef Identify the main parts of a flower State that the male sex cells in plants are pollen grains which are produced in the anther State the female sex cells in plants are the eggs which are produced in the ovary State that pollination occurs by wind, insects or animals Describe how fertilisation occurs in flowering plants

4 Recognise and label parts of the male and female reproductive organs in humans and state their functions State that male sex cells in humans are sperm which are produced in the testes State that female sex cells in humans are eggs which are produced in the ovary Describe the process of fertilisation in humans Describe some of the key stages of development in a foetus Explain that a growing foetus exchanges gases and nutrients with the mother thorough the umbilical cord which is attached to the placenta State that the general name for sex cells is gametes State that chromosomes are made of tightly coiled DN State that chromosomes are located in the nucleus of a cell Explain that a gene contains genetic information which controls humans characteristics Name 3 characteristics controlled by genes

5 Homework 1 Microscopes 1. Copy and complete the following sentences using the word bank below to help you. clearly, lenses, small, cells, structure, magnification (a) ll living things are made up of basic units called. cell is the simplest that can exist on its own. Cells are very and cannot be seen with the naked eye. (b) microscope contains that are used to make cells look larger. This increase in size is called. Stains can also be used to help show up cell structures more. (3) Look at this drawing of a microscope. I H F G C E D

6 2. Copy and complete the table below. Letter Name of part What it does I gets a sharp picture slide clip objective lens magnifies mirror (3) 3. (a) Write two rules that you should follow when using a microscope. (b) Describe what is meant by the field of view. (c) nna prepared a microscope slide to view her cheek cells. Calculate the magnification of the cells if she set up her microscope with the following lenses: (i) eyepiece lens at x10 and objective lens at x4 (ii) eyepiece lens at x10 and objective lens at x10 (d) The eyepiece lens always has a magnification of x10. Which objective lens would nna need to use for her cheek cells to appear 400 times larger? Total 10

b) Draw a diagram of the cell in your jotter and label parts to E. (3) (c) What is the function of part D? 3.

7 Homework 2 Plant and nimal Cells 1. Look at the drawing of an onion cell. E D C a) Name the stain that is used to show up the structures in onion cells more clearly. b) Draw a diagram of the cell in your jotter and label parts to E. (3) (c) What is the function of part D? 3. Look at the drawing of a cheek cell. F H G a) Which stain is used to show up the structures in a cheek cell more clearly? b) Draw a diagram of the cell in your jotter and label parts F to H. (1.5)

8 4. Which three structures are found in both plant and animal cells? (1.5) 5. The table below shows the length of five different cell types. Type of cell Length in micrometres (1000 micrometres = 1 mm) red blood cell 7 onion 150 rhubarb 200 cheek 50 white blood cell 12 a) Draw a bar chart for the information in the table. (3) b) What is the length of a rhubarb cell in millimetres? Total 13

9 Homework 3 Cell Model The cells you have seen in pictures or under the microscope may make you think that cells are thin and flat like pancakes. This is not true; cells are three-dimensional. Most plant cells are shaped like a shoe box. Most animal cells are like wrinkled footballs. y now you will know all about the structures found in plant and animal cells. This is your opportunity to put that knowledge into practise and create your very own model cell using everyday items found at home. Using materials found around the house, create a model of a plant or animal cell. You will be judged by your classmates on the following criteria: Labelling of parts Creativity Presentation e creative! Some of the materials you may find useful include: cling-film, buttons, paper clips, tissues and their boxes, paper, play-dough, plastic containers and dried pasta. The possibilities are endless. Good Luck! HNDY HINTS Cardboard is good for cell walls Plastic bags are good for membranes and vacuoles Plasticine can be used for the nucleus and chloroplasts Try adding some labels to your model

10 Homework 4 Different Cell Types nswer the following questions in your homework jotter. 1. Use the information below to identify each cell types and. - This cell that has a long tail so that it can swim to fertilise an egg cell. - This cell has no nucleus so that it can carry oxygen around the body. 2. Explain what is meant by the term microbe. 3. Name the type of microbe that is used to make yogurt. 4. a) Describe what happens to milk when yogurt is added and the sample is left overnight. b) What causes this change? (2) 5. Some types of bacteria can cause harm to humans. Write two rules that you should remember to avoid food poisoning by bacteria. (2) Total 8

11 Homework 5 Research Task Have you ever had a virus? What about a bacterial infection? Diseases can cause us to become ill if dangerous microbes are able to enter the body. There a number of ways in which the body defends itself against disease. Can you think of any examples of these? You are going to complete a research task in groups that will answer the following question: How does the body defend itself against disease? How do vaccinations help the body to fight off diseases? You can present your information as a written report, information poster or power point presentation. Use the Preparing Powerful Presentations guide on the literacy board in your classroom to help you prepare effectively for your task.

12 Homework 6 Parts of a flower 1. Use flower diagram below to answer the following questions. F E D C a) What is the name of the part labelled. b) Which letters represent female parts of the flower? c) Which represent the males parts of the flower? d) What would be found inside part? e) What is the name of structure E? (5) 2. Copy and complete the table below Part of flower What it does stamen pollen lands here contains ovules petal (2)

13 3. The following statements refer to the stages that occur after pollination. C D E F Fertilisation takes place pollen tube grows out from a pollen grain The egg forms a seed and the ovary forms a fruit The pollen tube grows down through the stigma The nucleus of the pollen moves towards the egg The pollen tube grows through the ovary Use the letters of the statements to complete the sequence of stages. 4. Five daisy flowers ( to E) were examined and the petals on each were counted. The results were as follows. Daisy C D E Number of petals Calculate the average number of petals in the daisies. Show your working. (2) Extension ctivity Have a look in your local area for a flower to press. Place it between some newspaper under some heavy books. fter a few days, remove it and paste onto a piece of card. Label as many structures as you can.

14 Homework 7 Puberty and Reproduction 1. Describe what is meant by the word puberty? 2. List two changes that will take place in a girl when she reaches puberty. 3. List 2 changes that will take place boy when he reaches puberty. Use the diagram of the female reproductive system below to answer question 4. E C D 4. Copy and complete the following sentences. a) Letter identifies the ovaries. These are where are produced in a female. Structure D is the. This is where from the male is deposited during sexual intercourse. b) The fallopian tubes are represented by letter. Fertilised egg cells move down these tubes to structure C, known as the, to develop into a foetus. (3)

15 Use the diagram of the male reproductive system to answer question 5. D C 5. a) Which letter identifies the scrotum? b) In which letter of the diagram are sperm produced? c) What is part? d) What is the function of the structure labelled C? (4) Extension ctivity 6. The table shows the mass of a baby from birth to one year old. ge (months) Mass (kg) Draw a line graph to show the change in mass with age. (3)

16 Homework 8 DN and Chromosomes 1. What do the letters DN mean? 2. What is a chromosome? 3. In which part of a cell would you find the chromosomes? 4. What is a gene? 5. Name three characteristics that are controlled by your genes. (3) 6. In a family, 5 people have blue eyes and 3 have brown eyes. a) What percentage of the family have blue eyes? b) nother child is born who has blue eyes. What percentage have blue eyes now? Total 10

Homework 1 Microscopes

Homework 1 Microscopes O NO WRITE ON THE PPER 1. opy and complete the following sentences using the word bank below to help you. clearly, lenses, small, cells, structure, magnification (a) ll living things