D.C.H.S BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT

Transcription

1 D.C.H.S BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT NAT 4 Homework Booklet Unit 2 Multicellular Organisms 1

2 Biology Homework 1 Multicellular Organisms Handout sheet needed for Q2 & Q5 Answer the following questions in your homework jotter. Put the date in the margin, the topic title at the top of the page and underline it. 1. The diagram below shows the structure of a seed. Which line in the following table correctly identifies the name and function of the part labelled X? Name Function A B C D Food store Grows into new plant Embryo Grows into new plant Embryo Provides energy for growth Food store Provides energy for growth (1) 2

3 2. A student carried out an investigation into the effect of temperature on the growth of four plants. 10 C 20 C 30 C 40 C The heights of the plants were measured at the start and after four weeks. The results are shown in the table below. Temperature ( C) Height of plants (cm) At start After 4 weeks Change in height (a) Identify two variables that should have been kept the same when setting up this investigation. (2) (b) Suggest an improvement which would make the results more reliable. (1) 3

4 (c) On the grid below, complete the line graph to show the change in height of the plants grown at different temperatures after four weeks by: (i) providing a label for the horizontal axis; (1) (ii) putting a scale on the vertical axis; (1) (iii) plotting the results. (1) (Use your handout sheet homework 3 Q2 to complete). (d) State one conclusion which can be drawn from these results. (1) 4

5 3. A student investigated the effect of spacing on the germination of seeds. The diagram below shows the apparatus the student used. C The investigation could have been improved to make it valid by: A. putting the tubes in the dark B. repeating at different temperatures C. using damp cotton wool in both tubes D. using the same number of seeds in both tubes (1) 4. The steps for taking stem cuttings are shown below. a) Remove the lower leaves. b) 2 Place the cuttings into compost. c) 3 Cut the stem below a node. d) 4 Cover the pot with a polythene bag. e) 5 Dip the cut end into rooting powder. Which of the following shows the correct sequence of steps? A. c e d b a B. c a e b d C. c d e a b D. c e b d a (1) 5

6 5. The table contains drawings and descriptions of plant propagation structures. Complete the table below by writing in the correct word or description. (Use your handout sheet homework 3 Q5 to complete). Drawing Description Plant Propagation Structure A food storage organ. A food storage organ. Stems with young plants growing at their ends. (3) 6. a. What is the definition of pollination? b. Pollen can be transferred from one flower to another by wind pollination. What is the other most common method of pollination? (1) (1) End of Homework 1 Total Marks 15 6

7 Biology Homework 2 Multicellular Organisms Handout sheet needed for Q2 Answer the following questions in your homework jotter. Put the date in the margin, the topic title at the top of the page and underline it. 1. a. The grid below refers to cell structures. A B C Cell Cytoplasm Cell Wall D E F Nucleus Chloroplast Vacuole Choose letters from the grid to match the following statements: (i) The basic unit of living organisms.. (1) (ii) Contains chromosomes within a membrane... (1) (iii) Contains pigments for photosynthesis (1) 7

8 2. a. The diagrams below represent parts of the human male and female reproductive systems. Complete the table below by adding the correct letters, names and functions of the labelled structures. (Use your handout sheet homework 1 Q2 to complete) Letter Name Function A F Site of Fertilisation Deposits Sperm B G Ovary Testis Uterus (3) 8

9 b. Use words from the list to complete the following sentences. Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all. List water nucleus membrane placenta yolk amniotic Fertilisation occurs when the. of a sperm cell fuses with the of an egg cell. In mammals this happens inside the female body. In most fish, sperm are deposited in the surrounding.. close to the eggs. In mammals the fertilised egg develops inside a fluid-filled membrane called the sac. (2) 3. The following diagrams represent human sex cells. Cell A Cell B a. Name cells A and B (1) b. Give one feature of cell A which makes it different from cell (1) c. Name the organ which produces cell A (1) 9

10 4. The average production of sperm cells by a bull throughout the year is shown in the table below. Month Average Sperm Production (millions/day) Month Average sperm production (millions/day) January 14,000 July 10,500 February 13,500 August 10,000 March 13,000 September 10,500 April 12,500 October 11,500 May 12,000 November 12,000 June 11,000 December 14,000 a. Describe the pattern of sperm production over one year (2) b. From the results, suggest one environmental factor which affects sperm cell production (1) c. In May, bulls produce a daily average of 8cm3 of fluid containing sperm cells. How many sperm cells would be contained in 1cm 3 of fluid? million (1) End of Homework 2 Total Marks 15 10

11 Biology Homework 3 Multicellular Organisms Research Activity Investigating the Growth and Development of a Chosen Organism Choose an organism from the following list to investigate: Organism Frog Kangaroo Dog Snake Honey Bee Black bird Research your chosen organism s growth and development by using the Internet, library or other resources available to you. Present the information you have found as an A4 poster. Your poster will be peer assessed in class using the following success criteria. Success Criteria - your poster should: Include the following facts: o If the organism carry s out internal or external fertilisation o Where the eggs are fertilised o The number of eggs produced o Whether development of the embryo is internal/external o How long the organism takes to develop o The protection is offered to the young Be bright and colourful with a balance of text and pictures Be easy to read (font at least size 12) and in your own words! Include sources (a list of where you found your information) If you do not have access to the internet at home, please make your teacher aware, they will organise for you t have access to school computers at break times or after school. 11

12 Biology Homework 4 Multicellular Organisms Handout sheet needed for Q1, Q3, Q6 & Q7 Answer the following questions in your homework jotter. Put the date in the margin, the topic title at the top of the page and underline it. 1. The meadow brown butterfly shows variation in wing pattern. There are different numbers of black spots on the underside of the hind wings. The table shows the number of wing spots in a Scottish population of the butterflies: Number of Spots on hind wing Percentage of population a. (i) is the variation in the number of spots on the hind wing continuous or discontinuous? (1) (ii) Use the table to complete the pie chart below: (Use your handout sheet homework 4 Q1 to complete). 0 Spots (2) 12

13 b. It has been suggested that the variation in meadow brown butterflies could mean that they come from different species. What evidence would be required to show that these butterflies all below to the same species? (1) 2. The statements below refer to different groups of animals. Choose the sentence that correctly describes a group of animals that can be described as being in the same species. A B C A group of animals with similar appearances which live in an isolated habitat A group of animals which show variation and can breed to produce fertile offspring A group of animals which look similar and which can mate with each other (1) 3. Decide if each of the following statements is True or False and tick ( ) the appropriate box. (Use your handout sheet homework 4 Q3 to complete). If the statement is False, write the correct word in the Correction box to replace the word underlined in the statement. (3) Statement True False Correction Information about the forms of a gene in an individual is called the genotype In the nucleus of the cell each gene is part of a characteristic Cells which carry only one form of a gene to the offspring are called embryos 13

14 4. For each of the following, write the word described by the phrase. Use the word bank below to help you. (i) The genes that an organism contains. Word: (ii) The cell which carries one of the two forms of a gene. Word:.. (iii) Differences between organisms of the same species. Word:.. (1) Word Bank Gamete Genotype Variation 5. Which of the following statements about genes is correct. Genes are part of: A Chloroplasts B Chromosomes C Centromeres D Cytoplasm (1) 14

15 6. The table below contains information about an experimental cross involving coat colour of mice. The original parents were both true breeding. Symbol Phenotypes Parents Brown x white First generation of off spring Second generation of off spring 75% brown 25% white a. Complete the table to show: (Use your handout sheet homework 4 Q6 to complete). (i) the symbols used for each generation (2) (ii) the coat colour(s) of the first generation of off-spring (1) 7. a. In humans, the sex of a child is determined by a pair of chromosomes. A sex chromosmome can be either an X or Y chromosome. One sex chromosome is found in each sex cell. Complete the punnett square below to show the inheritance of the sex chromosomes: (Use your handout sheet homework 4 Q7 to complete). Female Sex Cells X Male Sex Cells X XX XY (1) 15

16 b. Cells contain sets of chromosomes. Complete the sentence below by underlining the correct word in each bracket. A human body cell has 23 pairs of single chromosomes. A Pairs of sex cell has 23 chromosomes. (1) single End of Homework 4 Total Marks 15 16

17 Biology Homework 5 Multicellular Organisms Handout sheet needed for Q1 & Q2 Answer the following questions in your homework jotter. Put the date in the margin, the topic title at the top of the page and underline it. 1. a. Down s Syndrome is an example of a condition caused by a change to the chromosomes. What is the correct term for a change to the chromosomes? (1) b. Down s Syndrome can be detected before birth by the removal of some of the fluid surrounding the baby as it develops. The fluid is removed by a doctor using a syringe inserted into the uterus. What name is given to this procedure? (1) c. The following table shows the risk to women of different ages of having a baby with Down s Syndrome. Woman s Age Risk of Down s Syndrome (per births) (i) How many times grater is the risk to a 42 year old woman of having a baby with Down s Syndrome, compared to an 18 year old woman. times greater (1) 17

18 (ii) Complete the line graph below by: (Use your handout sheet homework 5 Q1 to complete). i. Completing the scale on the vertical axis (1) ii. Adding the label to the vertical axis (1) iii. Plotting the graph (1) 18

19 2. Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow: Vitamin Mania (adapted from an article in The Observer magazine, September 1990 There are 13 vitamins in all and lack of any one of these can cause a deficiency disease like scurvy or rickets. These diseases are now very rare in Britain, where too much food is eaten anyway. For most vitamins, about one milligram a day is needed. The body will often remove what it cannot use; on the other hand, some vitamins can be stored in the body until they reach poisonous levels. Vitamin A is necessary for healthy eyes, but an overdose can cause liver damage. There is some evidence that a mild vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency might be caused by the contraceptive pill, but, contrary to popular belief, there is almost no evidence to suggest that large doses will lesson pre-menstrual tension. Too much B1 can make hands and feet go numb. Another vitamin B vitamin, folic acid, is used along with iron in the manufacture of blood. It is unique among the vitamins in that deficiency it is quiet common in Britain, especially in women who are pregnant or breast feeding. However, this vitamin is absent from most multivitamin tablets. Many people take vitamin C pills contain 15 times the required dose, despite the fact that there are more than 20 research papers which show that it does not prevent the common cold. Vitamin D, which helps absorb calcium, is formed by the action of sunlight on the skin. Young children may benefit from a little cod-liver oil to provide vitamin D in winter. However, vitamin D is does build up in the body over a period of time and can lead to kidney stones. a. Explain what is meant by a deficiency disease. (1) b. State 2 ways in which the body deals with an excess of vitamins in the diet: (1) 19

20 c. From the information in the passage, complete the table below to show the possible effects of an overdose of vitamins A, B1 and D. (Use your handout sheet homework 5 Q2 to complete). Vitamin Effects of Overdose A B1 D (2) d. Name the two vitamins, mentioned in the passage which can be manufactured inside the body. 1 2 (1) e. State the benefit which some people believe they get from taking the following vitamins: (i) Vitamin B1 (ii) Vitamin C (1) d. Identify 3 situations from the passage when it is suggested that women are most at risk of a deficiency disease (1) 3. Mutation often leads to an organism being deficient in some way. Occassionally mutations occur that are useful. Give and example of a useful mutation and explain your choice. Example: Explanation: (2) End of Homework 5 Total Marks 15 20

21 Biology Homework 6 Multicellular Organisms Answer the following questions in your homework jotter. Put the date in the margin, the topic title at the top of the page and underline it. 1. Which organs make up the nervous system? A Brain, skin and spinal cord B Brain, spinal cord and nerves C Spinal cord, nerves and skin D Brain, eyes and ears (1) 2. The diagrams of digital thermometers below show the temperatures of four patients in a hospital. Which patient is most likely to be suffering from a fever? (1) 21

22 3. The list below contains some of the steps in the procedure for using a clinical thermometer. 1 Record the temperature accurately. 2 Remove the thermometer from the mouth. 3 Clean the thermometer with alcohol. 4 Place the thermometer under the tongue for two minutes. 5 Reset the mercury column. Which of the following shows the correct sequence of steps? A B C D (1) 4. Diabetes can be detected by measuring the blood level of A Antibodies B Glucose C Iron D White blood cells (1) 5. A reflex action involves three nerves. What is the order of these three nerves? A Sensory, Motor, Relay B Motor, Relay, Sensory C Relay, Motor, Sensory D Sensory, Relay, Motor (1) 22

23 6. The grid below shows structures related to the nervous system. (credit 2012?) A Relay Nerve B Muscle C Motor Nerve D Sensory Nerve Complete the sequence below, using letters from the grid, to show the order of the structures through which a nerve impulse travels in a reflex action. (1) 7. Describe two changes in the body when there is a drop in the external temperature. (centre generated) (2) 23

24 8. The graph below shows the prevalence (the number of cases of a specific disease) of diabetes. (a) (b) (c) (d) In which ethnic group is diabetes most prevalent overall? (1) In which ethnic group is diabetes least prevalent overall? (1) In which ethnic group is there the least females affected by diabetes? (1) What is the overall percentage of people in the general population who suffer from diabetes? (1) 24

25 9. Complete the following flow diagram on temperature regulation in the human body. (Use your handout sheet homework 6 Q9 to complete). Drop in internal body temperature Normal Body Temperature ( ) Normal Body Temperature ( ) Increased sweating Hairs on skin lay flat Increased blood flow to skin (3) End of Homework 6 Total Marks 15 25