Teen Health Vocabulary List

Transcription

1 Term health wellness emotions risk behavior self-assessment hygiene refusal skills nutrition calories diet anorexia nutrition food groups vitamins nutrients carbohydrates proteins minerals fats fiber saturated unsaturated fats cholesterol glucose nutrient density digestion digestive system saliva stomach small intestine liver pancreas excretory system excretion kidney colon adolescence hormones puberty endocrine system gland pituitary gland reproduction reproductive system sperm egg fertilization semen ovaries uterus Definition combination of physical, mental/emotional, & social well-being state of well-being involving behaviors that have a positive result feelings such as love, joy, & fear action or choice that may cause injury or harm to you or others examination & evaluation your own pattern of behaviors cleanliness ways to say no effectively process of taking food and using it for growth & good health units of heat that measure the energy available in foods all the things you regularly eat & drink eating disorder process of taking food and using it for growth & good health dairy/meat, egg, nuts/vegetables/fruits/breads, cereal, pasta substances help regulate the body's function substances in foods that provide nourishment to the body starches & sugars that provides the body with most of its energy nutrients used to repair body cells & tissues substances that strengthen the muscles, bones, & teeth source of energy for the body as well as insulation helps move food and wastes through your system fats found in meats & dairy products liquid fats that come mainly from plant wax like substance used by the body to build cells sugar formed when the body breaks down carbohydrates amount of nutrients in a food relative to the number of calories process by which the body breaks down food series of organs that work together to break down food digestive juice produced by the salivary glands muscular organ that churns and mixes the food tube where most of the digestive process takes place gland that produces bile that helps digest fats produces pancreatic juices that break down PRO, CHO, & FATS system that removes wastes from the body process by which the body gets rid of waste materials pair of organs the filter water & waste materials from the blood a storage tube for solid wastes; large intestine time of life between childhood & adulthood chemical substances which help regulate the way the body functions time when you develop certain physical characteristics adults system the consists of the glands that regulate body functions group of cells or organ that produces chemical substances called the master gland process by which living organisms produce new individuals of their kind organs and structures that make possible the production of offspring male reproductive cell female reproductive cell male sperm cell unites with a female egg cell mixture of sperm and fluids two female reproductive glands that release the egg pear-shaped organ in which a developing child is nourished

2 menstruation the flow of the uterine lining material from the body gynecologist doctor that specializes in the female reproductive system cell building block of life tissue groups of similar cells that do a particular job organ body parts made up of different tissues joined together body system group of organs working together to carry out a related task embryo name for the organism from fertilization to about the 8th week fetus name for the developing child from the 9th week until the time of birth chromosome threadlike structures that carry the codes for inherited traits gene basic units of heredity infancy first year of a baby's life toddler a child between the ages 1 and 3 preschooler a child between the ages 3 and 5 grief sorrow caused by the loss of something precious heredity passing on of traits from parents nicotine addictive drug found in tobacco tar a thick, dark liquid that forms when tobacco burns carbon monoxide a colorless, odorless, poisonous gas produced when tobacco burns respiratory system set of organs that supply the body with O2 & rid the body of C02 trachea tube in throat that takes air to & from lungs bronchi two tubes that branch from the trachea, one to each lung diaphragm dome-shaped muscle that draws air in & pushes air out alveoli air sacs in the lungs where gases are exchanged addiction physical or psychological need for a drug tolerance when the body becomes used to a drug withdrawal unpleasant symptoms that occur when someone stops using a drug mainstream smoke smoke that the smoker exhales passive smoker nonsmokers who breathe secondhand smoke secondhand smoke air that has been contaminated by tobacco smoke sidestream smoke smoke coming from the burning tip of the cigarette emphysema lung disease which can be caused by smoking psychological dependence addiction in which the mind tells that body it needs more of a drug physiological dependence addiction in which the body itself feels a direct need for drug abstinence refusing to participate in unsafe activities promiscuity indiscriminate in sexual relations STD sexually transmitted diseases AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome HIV human immunodeficiency virus; causes AIDS risk factors potentially dangerous factors involved in making a decision alcohol a drug found in beer, wine, & whiskey alcoholism an illness caused by a physical & mental need for alcohol blood alcohol concentration % of alcohol in the blood cirrhosis scarring and destruction of the liver drug nonfood substance taken into the body that can change its function medicine a drug used to treat an illness or relieve pain stimulant a drug that speeds up the body's function; i.e.. Cocaine depressant a drug that slows down the body's function; i.e.. Alcohol inhalant substances whose fumes are breathed in to produce a good sensation narcotic a drug that relieves pain hallucinogen a drug that distorts moods, thought, and senses; i.e.. LSD anabolic steroids substance that causes muscle tissue to develop at an abnormal high rate

3 neuron central nervous system peripheral nervous system brain spinal cord the cells that make up the nervous system system that consists of the brain and spinal cord system that is made up of all the other nerves outside the CNS information center of the nervous system a long bundle of neurons that relays messages to and from the brain responsibility ability to make choices & to accept the results of those choices self-management ability to take care of your health & control your actions consequences the effects or results of actions assertive having determination to stand up for yourself in a firm positive way habit a pattern of behavior repeated frequently environment your surroundings life-threatening may cause death life-altering capable of changing a person's day-to-day existence fatal deathly mortality death subjective comes from a person's own views & beliefs hazard potential source of danger precaution an action taken to avoid danger cumulative risks related risks that increase in effect with each added risk decision making the process of making a choice or finding a solution criteria standards on which to base your decisions self-esteem your confidence in yourself long-term goal a goal you plan to reach over a length of time short-term goal a goal that you can reach right away action plan a series of steps for reaching your goal disease a condition that interferes with the proper functioning of the body or mind communicable disease disease passed from person to person noncommunicable disease disease that cannot be spread from one person to another germ the microorganisms that cause disease infection when germs get inside the body, multiply, & damage body cells virus causes a range of diseases that can be prevented with vaccination bacteria causes diseases, such as strep throat, that can be treated with antibiotics fungi causes diseases, such as athlete's foot & ringworm protozoa causes disease, such as malaria immune system combination of body defenses that fight off germs & disease lymphatic system a secondary circulatory system that fights germs & maintains fluid balance lymphocytes special white blood cells in the lymph antigens substances that send your immune system into action when it's invaded antibodies proteins that attach to antigens, keeping them from harming the body immunity your body's ability to resist the germs that cause a particular disease vaccine injection of dead or weakened germs so the body can produce antibodies influenza communicable disease characterized by chills, fatigue, headache, etc. mononucleosis disease that is most common in teens; "the kissing disease" hepatitis disease characterized by yellowing of the skin & the whites of the eyes tuberculosis bacteria-caused disease that affects the lungs contagious period length of time when a particular disease can spread from person to person STD sexually transmitted disease chylamydia STD that may affect the reproductive organs, urethra, & anus gonorrhea STD that affects the genital mucous membrane & other body parts genital herpes STD that produces blisters in the genital areas

4 syphilis AIDS HIV prevention chronic stroke heart attack hypertension atherosclerosis arteriosclerosis angioplasty cancer tumor benign malignant carcinogen radiation therapy chemotherapy allergy allergen pollen histamines antihistamines asthma bronchodilator arthritis rheumatoid arthritis osteoarthritis diabetes insulin Alzheimer's disease STD that can affect many body parts; very dangerous disease acquired immunodeficiency syndrome human immunodeficiency virus; cause AIDS keep from happening present continuously or on and off over a long time part of the brain is damaged because the blood supply is cut off blood supply to the heart slows or stops & the heart muscles are damaged high blood pressure condition in which fatty substances build up on the inner lining of arteries hardening of the arteries surgical procedure to clear a blockage of an artery; a balloon is used second leading cause of death in the United States a group of abnormal cells that forms a mass not cancerous cancerous substance in the environment that can cause cancer treatment for cancer that uses X-rays & other forms of radioactivity the use of chemicals to destroy cancer cells an extreme sensitivity to a substance the substances that cause an allergic reaction a powdery substance released by certain plants chemicals in the body that cause the symptoms of an allergic reaction medication that relieves the symptoms of allergic reactions a chronic respiratory disease that causes air passages to become blocked medication that relaxes the muscles around the bronchial air passages a disease of the joints arthritis characterized by pain, inflammation, swelling, & stiffness of joints arthritis in elderly people causing the breakdown of cartilage in the joints a disease that prevents the body from converting food into energy hormone that regulates the level of sugar in the blood illness that attacks the brain & affects thinking, memory, & behavior

5 Grade Unit 4

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8 Teen Health Vocabulary List