Mitosis & Meiosis. Practice Questions. Slide 1 / 68. Slide 2 / 68. Slide 3 / Identify two differences between meiosis and mitosis.

Transcription

1 New Jersey Center for Teaching and Learning Slide 1 / 68 Progressive Science Initiative This material is made freely available at and is intended for the non-commercial use of students and teachers. These materials may not be used for any commercial purpose without the written permission of the owners. NJCTL maintains its website for the convenience of teachers who wish to make their work available to other teachers, participate in a virtual professional learning community, and/or provide access to course materials to parents, students and others. Click to go to website: Slide 2 / 68 Mitosis & Meiosis Practice Questions 1 Identify two differences between meiosis and mitosis. Slide 3 / 68

2 2 Provide an example of a type of cell in the human body that would undergo mitosis. Slide 4 / 68 3 Does cell division occur during interphase? Explain your answer. Slide 5 / 68 4 Explain what occurs in the S portion of interphase. Why is the S sub-phase essential in preparation for mitosis. Slide 6 / 68

3 5 In what way is the preparation that occurs during the G1 phase similar to what occurs during the S phase. Slide 7 / 68 6 Explain the importance of cytokinesis to the process of cell division. Slide 8 / 68 7 What is a centrosome, and how is it significant to the process of mitosis? Slide 9 / 68

4 8 How would you identify a cell based on appearance undergoing metaphase during mitosis? Slide 10 / 68 9 How are prophase and telophase opposites? Slide 11 / Does the creation of a cell plate play a role in cytokinesis of plant or animal cells? Slide 12 / 68

5 11 Explain the process of somatic cell nuclear transfer. Students type their answers here Slide 13 / What stage of mitosis is the cell below experiencing? How do you know? Slide 14 / Provide two reasons for why cells would undergo mitosis. Slide 15 / 68

6 14 What are the two major divisions of the cell cycle? Slide 16 / Identify the three sub-phases of interphase, and explain the major goal of each sub-phase. Slide 17 / What is the difference between a chromosome and a chromatid? Slide 18 / 68

7 17 What is the difference between cytokinesis and mitosis? Slide 19 / Explain the relationship between a kinetochore and the spindle fibers during mitosis. Slide 20 / Briefly describe what occurs during anaphase. Slide 21 / 68

8 20 Why are vesicles important to the process of cytokinesis in plant cells? Slide 22 / In what type of cell would you find a cleavage furrow during cytokinesis? Slide 23 / It may be said that in plant cells, cytokinesis occurs from inside-out, while in animal cells the process occurs from the outside-in. Explain why this statement is true. Slide 24 / 68

9 23 Compare anaphase to fishing. What similarities might exist between the two? Slide 25 / What is cloning? Students type their answers here Slide 26 / Does an animal produced through SCNT resemble the organism that donated the nucleus or the organism that donated the egg cell? Students type their answers here Slide 27 / 68

10 26 What stage of mitosis is the cell below experiencing? How do you know? Slide 28 / Why do cells have a control system built into the cell cycle? Slide 29 / Explain the relationship between cancer and the cell cycle. Slide 30 / 68

11 29 What is G0? Slide 31 / Explain what contact inhibition is and how it helps regulate cell division. Slide 32 / Is tumor metastasis usually related to benign or malignant tumors? Why does this have a negative effect on the body? Slide 33 / 68

12 32 Explain the relationship between chemotherapy and mitosis. How does chemotherapy specifically affect mitosis? Slide 34 / Would a patient receiving chemotherapy or radiation for cancer treatment be more likely to exhibit bodily symptoms such as hair loss and nausea? Explain your answer. Slide 35 / Explain the value of stem cell therapy for treating different types of cancers. Slide 36 / 68

13 35 Does an embryonic stem cell or an adult stem cell have a greater potential for differentiation? Explain your answer. Students type their answers here Slide 37 / How many checkpoints exist throughout the cell cycle? Slide 38 / Mature human nerve cells exist at which phase of the cell cycle? Slide 39 / 68

14 38 Explain the role that contact inhibition plays in regulating or not regulating cancer cells. Slide 40 / What is the difference between a benign and malignant tumor? Slide 41 / What differences exist between chemotherapy and radiation treatment? Slide 42 / 68

15 41 A bone marrow transplant is most commonly used to treat which type of cancer? Slide 43 / Compare the checkpoints of a cell cycle to traffic lights. How are the two similar in function? Slide 44 / What is the difference between a stem cell that is pluripotent and one that is multipotent? Provide an example of a type of cell that would fall under each of these categories. Students type their answers here Slide 45 / 68

16 44 What is the scientific term for a reproductive cell that utilizes meiosis for reproduction? Slide 46 / If n represents a haploid number of chromosomes, 2n would represent a number of chromosomes. Slide 47 / Provide a possible suggestion for what purpose a doctor would utilize a karyotype. Slide 48 / 68

17 47 What is an allele? Provide two possible alleles for hair color in humans. Slide 49 / How many cells are produced through meiosis? How many chromosomes do each of these cells have in humans? Slide 50 / Explain how crossing over can increase the genetic diversity within a population through meiosis. Slide 51 / 68

18 50 What is independent assortment? How does independent assortment affect genetic diversity? Slide 52 / What is nondisjunction? Slide 53 / Explain how you could use a karyotype to identify trisomy in an unborn child. Slide 54 / 68

19 53 If Turner s Syndrome is the result of nondisjunction causing monosomy of the sex chromosomes, what is the combination of sex chromosomes in an individual experiencing Turner s Syndrome? Slide 55 / Predict the appearance of a karyotype of a zygote demonstrating polyploidy. Slide 56 / Do somatic cells contain a haploid or diploid number of chromosomes? Slide 57 / 68

20 56 What are homologous chromosomes? Slide 58 / How would the karyotype of a female differ from the karyotype of a male? Slide 59 / Explain how the process of meiosis can reduce the number of chromosomes present in a daughter cell. Slide 60 / 68

21 59 Does crossing over increase genetic diversity in somatic cells? Why or why not? Slide 61 / With the exception of the number of chromosomes present, what other cell division process does meiosis II resemble? Slide 62 / How can an error in meiosis potentially lead to birth defects? Slide 63 / 68

22 62 What is aneuploidy? What are the two different possible results of a zygote exhibiting aneuploidy? Slide 64 / Is nondisjunction resulting in a zygote lacking a second sex chromosome always fatal? Explain your answer. Slide 65 / How does polyploidy affect plants differently than humans? Explain your answer. Slide 66 / 68

23 65 How many chromosomes would be present in the karyotype of an individual who has trisomy 21? Illustrations courtesy of Slide 67 / 68 Slide 68 / 68 Illustrations courtesy of