Cell Structure and Function. Concept 1: Common Features of All Cells
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1 Cell Structure and Function Concept 1: Common Features of All Cells
2 Common Features of All Cells All cells, whether they are prokaryotic or eukaryotic, have some common features.
3 Common Features of All Cells 1. DNA, the genetic material contained in one or more chromosomes. *Located in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. *Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus
4 Common Features of All Cells 2. Plasma membrane, a phospholipid bilayer with proteins that separates the cell from the surrounding environment * Cell membrane controls what enters or leaves the cell
5 Common Features of All Cells 3. Cytoplasm - basically the substance that fills the cell. It is a jelly-like material that is eighty percent water and usually clear in color. * Cell organelles are suspended and move about in the cytoplasm. ife/images/show1.cytoplasm.jpg
6 Common Features of All Cells 4. Ribosomes, the organelles on which protein synthesis takes place topycyzxzosohgah8hjlajkmqoa0d
7 Concept 2: Features of Prokaryotic Cells Prokaryotes, which include all bacteria and archaea (archaebacteria), are the simplest cellular organisms. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membranous organelles.
8 Concept 3: Features of Eukaryotic Cells Eukaryotic cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus and numerous membrane-enclosed organelles (e.g., mitochondria, lysosomes, Golgi apparatus) not found in prokaryotes.
9 Concept 4: Cell Structures Found In Both Plant and Animal Cells Cell Membrane Phospholipid bylayer. Controls entry and exit of materials Contains proteins Responsible for communication between cells Also known as the Fluid Mosaic Model
10 Concept 4: Cell Structures Found In Both Plant and Animal Cells Nucleus - The large, membrane-bounded organelle that contains the genetic material, in the form of DNA molecules organized into structures called chromosomes. Controls cell activities and passes on hereditary information.
11 Concept 4: Cell Structures Found In Both Plant and Animal Cells Cytoplasm - clear, thick, jellylike material and organelles found inside cell membrane. Supports and protects cell organelles.
12 Concept 4: Cell Structures Found In Both Plant and Animal Cells Endoplasmic reticulum - network of tubes or membranes. Functions in the transport of materials in the cell.
13 Concept 4: Cell Structures Found In Both Plant and Animal Cells Endoplasmic reticulum Two types: 1. (RER) Rough endoplasmic reticulum Dotted with ribosomes. 2. (SER) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum not covered with ribosomes.
14 Concept 4: Cell Structures Found In Both Plant and Animal Cells Ribosomes Free floating or attached to ER. Site of protein synthesis -em.gif
15 Concept 4: Cell Structures Found In Both Plant and Animal Cells Mitochondria Powerhouse of the cell. Site of cellular respiration which produces energy (ATP) that can be used by the organism for life functions. pedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/an imal_mitochondrion_diagram_e n_(edit).svg/400px- Animal_mitochondrion_diagram _en_(edit).svg.png RGcW_TVbI/AAAAAAAAHi0/Hi8wfdLe6ic/s1600/mitochond riacell.jpg
16 Concept 4: Cell Structures Found In Both Plant and Animal Cells Vacuole One large central vacuole in plant cells, many smaller vacuoles in animal cells. Storage of food, water, waste. ds/8/6/3/7/ / png
17 Concept 5: Cell Structures Found Only In Animal Cells Lysosome - small, round, with a membrane. Breaks down larger food molecules into smaller molecules Digests old cell parts Garbage Truck of the cell
18 Concept 6: Cell Structures Found Only Cell Wall - outer layer Rigid, strong, stiff Made of cellulose In Plant Cells Supports and protects the plant cell.
19 Concept 6: Cell Structures Found Only In Plant Cells Chloroplasts - green, oval usually containing chlorophyll (green pigment). Uses energy from sun to make food for the plant (photosynthesis). on/images/chloroplasts_face_side_mc.jpe
20 References ace//biocoach/cells/common.html ber00/7th/cells/sciber/orgtable.htm
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