Biol 2402 Anatomy And Physiology II Course Syllabus: Spring 2014

Transcription

1 Biol 2402 Anatomy And Physiology II Course Syllabus: Spring 2014 Northeast Texas Community College exists to provide responsible, exemplary learning opportunities. Sue Ferrell Office: 15 minutes before or after class Phone: (903) (Mrs. Rodriguez, faculty assistant) Office Hours Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Online 15 minutes before or after class 15 minutes before or after class The information contained in this syllabus is subject to change without notice. Students are expected to be aware of any additional course policies presented by the instructor during the course. Catalog Course Description: Anatomy & Physiology II is intended for students entering field of study in allied health sciences, social work, physical therapy, physical education or any student who needs a basic understanding of the structure and function of the human body. This course is the second semester of a two semester sequence and includes a study of the nervous, cardiovascular, immune, digestive, excretory, respiratory, endocrine, and reproductive systems. Three hours of lecture and three hours of lab each week. Prerequisite: BIOL 2401(Anatomy & Physiology I) Required Textbook(s): Hole s Human Anatomy & Physiology 13th ed. Shier/Butler/Lewis, T. Martin; Laboratory Manual for Human Anatomy & Physiology: Fetal Pig Version (accompanies 13th ed), McGraw-Hill, Publisher: McGraw-Hill Publishers ISBN Number: ISBN Number: Recommended Reading(s): Read assigned chapters in lecture book, explore chapter activities at book web site. Read assigned lab exercise and report. Student Learning Outcomes: 1. Differentiate between general and special senses. 2. Distinguish between endocrine and exocrine gland and general characteristics of the endocrine system. Name the major endocrine glands and their hormones. 3. Describe the characteristics of blood and discuss its major functions. 4. Discuss the functions of the organs of the cardiovascular system. 5. Describe the major structures and general functions of the lymphatic system. 6. Name the major organs of the digestive system and describe the general functions. 7. Name the major organs of the respiratory system and describe the general functions. 8. Name the major organs of the urinary system and describe the general functions. Explain the importance of water, electrolyte and acid/base balance. 9. Name the major organs of the male and female reproductive systems and describe the general functions of each organ. 10. Demonstrate knowledge of pregnancy and distinguish between growth and development.

2 Exemplary Educational Objectives:+ The objective of the study of a natural sciences component of a core curriculum is to enable the student to understand, construct, and evaluate relationships in the natural sciences, and to enable the student to understand the basis for building and testing theories. The exemplary educational core objectives for natural sciences are: 3.1 to understand and apply method and appropriate technology to the study of natural sciences; 3.2 to recognize scientific and quantitative methods and the differences between theses approaches and other methods of inquiry and to communicate findings, analyses, and interpretation both orally and in writing; 3.3 to identify and recognize the differences among competing scientific theories; 3.4 to demonstrate knowledge of the major issues and problems facing modern science, including issues that touch upon ethics, values, and public policies; 3.5 to demonstrate knowledge of the interdependence of science and technology and their influence on, and contribution to, modern culture. SCANS Skills: N/A NTCC Academic Honesty Statement: "Students are expected to complete course work in an honest manner, using their intellects and resources designated as allowable by the course instructor. Students are responsible for addressing questions about allowable resources with the course instructor. NTCC upholds the highest standards of academic integrity. This course will follow the NTCC Academic Honesty policy stated in the Student Handbook." Academic Ethics The college expects all students to engage in academic pursuits in a manner that is beyond reproach. Students are expected to maintain complete honesty and integrity in their academic pursuit. Academic dishonesty such as cheating, plagiarism, and collusion is unacceptable and may result in disciplinary action. Refer to the student handbook for more information on this subject. ADA Statement: It is the policy of NTCC to provide reasonable accommodations for qualified individuals who are students with disabilities. This College will adhere to all applicable federal, state, and local laws, regulations, and guidelines with respect to providing reasonable accommodations as required to afford equal educational opportunity. It is the student s responsibility to arrange an appointment with a College counselor to obtain a Request for Accommodations form. For more information, please refer to the NTCC Catalog or Student Handbook.

3 Family Educational Rights And Privacy Act (FERPA): The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) is a federal law that protects the privacy of student education records. The law applies to all schools that receive funds under an applicable program of the U.S. Department of Education. FERPA gives parents certain rights with respect to their children s educational records. These rights transfer to the student when he or she attends a school beyond the high school level. Students to whom the rights have transferred are considered eligible students. In essence, a parent has no legal right to obtain information concerning the child s college records without the written consent of the student. In compliance with FERPA, information classified as directory information may be released to the general public without the written consent of the student unless the student makes a request in writing. Directory information is defined as: the student s name, permanent address and/or local address, telephone listing, dates of attendance, most recent previous education institution attended, other information including major, field of study, degrees, awards received, and participation in officially recognized activities/sports. Student Responsibilities/Expectations: Regular and punctual attendance at all scheduled classes is required by each student. Students who are absent, for any reason, are still responsible for lecture material and any required assignments. If you are absent, contact the instructor by phone or . Communication is a tool for a successful semester. Excessive absences will ultimately hinder your success in this course. To withdraw from this course with a W must be done by the withdrawal date (10 April 2014). However, failure to abide by this institutional rule will result in you receiving an F for this course. A student may be dropped from BIOL by the instructor for lack of attendance. Students displaying unsatisfactory and/or unsafe behaviors such as copying, horseplay, plagiarism, negligence and theft of property in lab or lecture will be first warned of their behavior. A copy of warning will be given to the Vice President of Instructional Services. A second warning will be carried out in the same manner. However, a third warning will result in mandatory withdrawal from class. Lab safety is a major concern of NTCC. Many students are preparing to work in a clinical environment and need to learn to work safely and in harmony with others in a lab setting. It is very important that you obey the rules and regulations described in this course. Please turn off cell phones or place on vibrate before coming to class. If you receive an important call, or text message, step outside the classroom to answer the call. Sending or receiving text messages and/or phone calls in class may result in the temporary loss of your phone. NTCC is a non-smoking campus. Smoking is allowed in the smoking-huts on campus or in your personal vehicle. Inclement weather: In case of inclement weather classes may be canceled. Cancellation of classes will be posted on the NTCC website. Also check BlackBoard for canceled classes Tune to one of the following radio stations for information concerning possible cancelation of classes at NTCC: KPXI-FM 100.7; KXAL- FM 103.1; KYKM-FM 97.7; KIMP-AM 960; KEGG-AM 1560 Lectures & Discussions: Traditional lecture and discussion with power-point. Evaluation/Grading Policy: A (90-100), B (80-89), C (70-79), D (60-69), F (0-59) Lecture is 75% of BIOL 2402 course grade 50% - lecture exam average; 25% - comprehensive lecture exam Lab is 25% of BIOL 2402 course grade. 80% - Lab Practical average; 15% - Lab Assessment average; 5% - Pre-Lab average

4 Lab time may vary on certain days, dependent on the time needed to complete lectures and/or necessary lab assignments and procedures Exams: 5 lecture exams, 1 lecture comprehensive exam; 2 lab practical A makeup exam will available to a student who doesn t take the exam on a scheduled exam day. Extra Credit - Name the endocrine hormones, acronyms, target cells and the action/function of the hormones (20 possible points), Exam 2. Extra Credit Write 1 abstract (in your own words) based on material covered during the semester. Use current scientific articles from the NTCC resource center. The abstracts must be properly documented, 1-2 pages in length (20 possible points). Abstract is due on or before 26 March Guideline will be given. Assignments: Tentative Calendar for BIOL for Spring 2014 Week 1-14, 16 January Introduction, Chapter 12 (Special Senses), Lab Week 2-21, 23 January Chapter 12, Lab Week 3-28 January Chapter 12, Lab; 30 January Lecture Exam 1, Lab Week 4-4, 6 February Chapter 13, 22, 23, 24 (Endocrine System), Lab Week 5-11, 13 February Chapter 13, 22, 23, 24, Lab Week 6-18 February Chapter 13, 22, 23, 24, Lab 20 February Lecture Exam 2, Lab Week 7-25, 27 February Chapter 14,15, Lab Week 8-4, 6 March Chapter 14, 15, 16 (Cardiovascular/Lymphatic System), Lab; 6 March Lab Practical 1 Week March SPRING BREAK N0 CLASS Week 10-18, 20 March Chapter 14, 15, 16, Lab Week March Lecture Exam 3, Lab; 27 March Chapter 17, Lab Week 12-1, 3 April Chapter 17, 18, 19 (Digestion/Metabolism/Respiration) Week 13-9, 11, April Chapter 17, 18, 19; Lecture Exam 4, Lab Week 14-15, 17 Chapter 20, 21 (Kidney/Electrolytes/Acids-Bases) Week 15-22, 24 April Chapter 20, April Lab Practical 2 Week April Lecture Exam 5 1 May Lecture Comprehensive Exam

5 Other Course Requirements: Course Outline: Chapter 12 Somatic and Special Senses - senses can be classified as either general or special, dependent on the complexity of the receptors and neural pathways. Senses can also be classified as somatic and visceral according to the location of the receptors - sensory stimuli converted into nerve impulses are conducted to the brain for perception - structural features protect the eyes from danger and the visual sense is responsible for approximately 80% of all assimilated knowledge - the ear is an organ of hearing and equilibrium that contains receptors for detection of head movements and conversion of sound waves into nerve impulses - sensory organs develop from primary germ layers in the embryonic and fetal stages of development Exam 1 Chapter 13 Endocrine System - glands can be classified as endocrine (ductless glands that secrete specific hormones into the blood) or exocrine (secretion into ducts) - hormones are transported to target cells by the blood where they perform specific functions - the endocrine and nervous system regulates body activities. - Nervous vs. Endocrine System - neurotransmitters do not travel in the blood, but diffuse only a short distance across a synapse. Neuroglial responses are measured in milliseconds where as the effects of hormones are relatively slow to occur yet generally prolonged - three types of hormones: amines, proteins and steroids - feedback mechanisms ensure homeostasis within organ systems served by the endocrine system - delicate hormonal balance may result in serious clinical manifestations

6 Chapter 22 Reproductive System - it is through sexual reproduction that many species are propagated; offspring have genetic traits inherited from both parents - the reproductive system is specialized to perpetuate the species and pass genetic material to the next generation - gametes are formed through a specialized form of cell division (meiosis) - reproduction organs and their hormonal effects account for major differences between males and females - there are homologies between the male and female reproductive system - the reproductive system is unique because its latent development is under hormonal control - female gametes are produced prenatal; first male sperm produced at puberty - cyclic ovulation occurs from puberty to menopause in females - hormonal concentrations determine the cyclic pattern of ovulation and menstruation - hormonal interactions cause changes in the mammary gland during pregnancy and regulates lactation - male and females are susceptible to sexually transmitted diseases (STD s); females are more prone to STD s and reproductive dysfunctions because of cyclic changes in reproductive events and problems associated with pregnancy Chapter 23 Pregnancy, Growth and Development - the union of an egg and sperm results in fertilization and restoration of chromosome numbers - mitosis leads to the development of a unique individual with genetic variation - hormonal changes maintain a pregnancy; hcg, estrogen, progesterone, relaxin, lactogen, aldosterone, parathyroid hormone, prostaglandins, oxytocin, prolactin, FSH and LH - embryo and fetus receives maternal blood rich in oxygen and nutrients - umbilical vein carries blood to the circulatory system and partially bypasses the liver, heart and lungs, two umbilical arteries return blood back to the maternal circulatory system - release of hormones and surfactant at birth increase survival rate of infant - growth and development of the human body lasts a life time - degeneration of cells begin about age 30 Chapter 24 Genetics and Genomics - study of characteristics inherited from parents - genetic variation results in a unique individual based on inheritance of dominate and/or recessive genes - genotype determines the expressed phenotype

7 Exam 2 Chapter 14 Blood - all cells within the body rely on blood within the circulatory system for survival - the circulatory system has a close functional relationship with the respiratory, urinary, digestive, endocrine and integumentary systems in maintaining homeostasis - blood transports oxygen and nutrients to tissue cells along with hormones and regulatory molecules to target organs; carbon dioxide and other waste are carried away from the cell - leukocytes help protect the body from infection - trauma to a blood vessel leads to the formation of a blood clot; platelets play an important role in blood clotting - Chapter 15 Cardiovascular System - microscopic capillaries are the basic functional units of the circulatory system; exchange between blood and fluids surrounding cells occur at the microscopic level - cardiac muscle is specialized for involuntary rhythmic contractions that can be regulated by the autonomic nervous system - arteries transport blood away from the heart; veins return blood to the heart; capillaries allow exchange between blood and tissue cells - the hepatic portal system function to filter all of the blood from digestive organs through the liver - the circulatory system of the fetus has specialized structural adaptations to obtain oxygen and nutrients from the placenta - heart attacks are the leading cause of death in the United States - blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls surrounding the lumina of the blood vessels and is influenced by cardiac output, peripheral resistance and blood volume; kidneys regulate blood pressure by controlling blood volume - aerobic requirements and blood pressure increase during exercise - the baroreceptor reflexes and other reflexes help maintain blood pressure within a normal range - Chapter 16 Lymphatic System - lymph capillaries drain tissue fluids called lymph - lymph filters through lymph nodes containing phagocytic cells and through lymphatic nodules that produce lymphocytes - spleen, tonsils and thymus are lymphoid organs - the lymphatic system functions to protect the body from disease, return tissue fluid to the venous system and transports absorbed fat to the blood - immune system defenses can be specific or nonspecific - specific immunity may be naturally or artificially acquired; may be active or passive immunity Exam 3

8 Chapter 17 Digestive System - digestive system is divided into a gastrointestinal (GI) tract and accessory organs - organs of the digestive system are specialized for digestion and absorption of food - the histological and gross structural aspects of each region of the GI tract determine its physiological function - absorption is the key aspect of the digestive system; large portions of consumed food remain undigested and passes through the large intestines as waste material - villi within the small intestine are the functional units for absorption of nutrients - the liver processes nutrients and secretes bile; bile is stored and concentrated in the gallbladder - the pancreas has exocrine and endocrine functions Chapter 18 Nutrition and Metabolism - macronutrients, micronutrients and water helps the human body maintain homeostasis - digestion is a combination of physical and chemical breakdown of foods such as carbohydrate, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals - metabolism is the intake and utilization of nutrients to release and utilize energy Chapter 19 Respiratory System - respiration refers to breathing or ventilation and the exchange of gases between the atmosphere, the blood and individuals cells - the respiratory system provides oxygen to the bloodstream and removes carbon dioxide; it also allows vocalization - metabolic needs for oxygen are great; few reserves of oxygen exist within the body - inspired air must be warmed, cleaned and moistened before it is suitable for diffusion at the alveoli level - neurons in the medulla oblongata establish the basic rhythm of breathing; these activities can be influenced by input from the other parts of the brain and from peripheral receptors sensitive to PCO2, ph and PO2 of the arterial blood - extensive protective mechanisms within the respiratory system keep the alveoli healthy Exam 4

9 Chapter 20 Urinary System - metabolic waste are eliminated by several body systems - histological structure of the organs of the urinary system determine their function - the nephron is the functional unit of the kidneys - several types of fluid and molecular movements occur in the kidneys to form urine; includes filtration, diffusion, osmosis, active transport, secretion and reabsorption - urine becomes more concentrated as it passes through the nephron - constant filtration of blood is essential for body sustenance, prevention of disease and physical impairment Chapter 21 Water, Electrolytes and Acid-Base Balance - the body takes in and excretes an equal amount of water and electrolytes to maintain equilibrium - an acid-base balance needs to be maintained for homeostasis and to prevent acidosis or alkalosis - several body systems help maintain water, electrolyte and acid-base balance Exam 5