Lab Unit One Flashcards
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1 CLAVICLE (collar bone). Sternal extremity (end) flat end. Acromial extremity (end) rounded end.. Conoid tubercle near round end SCAPULA (shoulder blade). Right or left scapula?. Superior border (superior margin) 9. Medial border (vertebral margin). Lateral border (axillary margin) 7. Inferior angle. Superior angle 7. Acromion process Coracoid process 9. Scapular notch (suprascapular notch) 0. Glenoid cavity (glenoid fossa). Subscapular fossa
2 0 SCAPULA (shoulder blade). Right or left scapula? 7. Superior border (superior margin). Medial border (vertebral margin). Lateral border (axillary margin). Inferior angle. Superior angle.. Scapular spine 7. Acromion process 0. Glenoid cavity (glenoid fossa). Supraspinous fossa. Infraspinous fossa 7. Acromion process 8. Coracoid process 7 0. Glenoid cavity (glenoid fossa). Infraglenoid tubercle. Supraglenoid tubercle 8 0.
3 7 HUMERUS. Right or left?. Head. Greater tubercle. Lesser tubercle. Surgical neck.. Anatomical neck.intertubercular groove(bicipital groove) 7. Deltoid tuberosity HUMERUS. Right or left?. Head. Greater tubercle. Lesser tubercle.
4 M L HUMERUS. Right or left? 8. Medial epicondyle 0. Capitulum. Trochlea 8. Coronoid fossa. Radial fossa 7. 0.Supracondylar ridges (medial and lateral) HUMERUS. Right or left?. Olecranon fossa 8.
5 ULNA. Olecranon process. Coronoid process. Radial notch. Semilunar notch (trochlear notch) 9. ULNA. Styloid process. Head 0.
6 RADIUS. Head. Radial tuberosity. Neck. RADIUS. Styloid process. Ulnar notch. RADIUS. Head. Radial tuberosity.. Styloid process. Neck
7 RADIUS. Styloid process. Ulnar notch. A B C A. CARPALS B. METACARPALS; They are numbered -. (eg, Metacarpal is labeled as B ) C. PHALANGES: Proximal (labeled #), intermediate (#), distal (#) Label them like this:. nd Proximal phalanx. nd Intermediate phalanx. rd Distal phalanx.. Pollix (thumb) CARPALS. TRAPEZIUM (by the thumb). TRAPEZOID (right beside thumb). CAPITATE (base of rd met). HAMATE (base of - th mets). TRIANGULAR (lateral-most). PISIFORM (on palmar side, under triangular) 7. LUNATE (the one next to scaphoid) 8. SCAPHOID (the largest; at the wrist on thumb side) 7
8 SKULL Cranium: whole skull Calvarium: upper part of cranium that detaches) Frontal bone. Supraorbital foramen (supraorbital notch). glabella. Superior orbital fissure. Frontonasal suture. Coronal suture 7. Parietal bones. Sagittal suture. Squamous suture squamosal suture). Occipitomastoid suture Occipital bone. Lambdoidal suture. Sutural bone (one that is a separate piece of bone within any suture line) 8
9 Occipital bone. Lambdoidal suture. Sutural bone (one that is a separate piece of bone within any suture line). Superior nuchal line. Inferior nuchal line. External occipital protuberance. External occipital crest Occipital bone. Occipital condyles. Foramen magnum (for spinal cord and vertebral arteries). Hypoglossal canal (for hypoglossal nerve) 0. The zygomatic arch (cheek area) consists of three bones: ) Zygomatic bone ) Zygomatic process of the temporal bone ) Zygomatic process of the maxilla 9
10 Temporal bones. External auditory meatus (eternal acoustic meatus) 0. Mastoid process. Mandibular fossa (where TMJ is). Styloid process. Zygomatic process 0. Squamous portion. Temporal bones. Styloid process. Stylomastoid foramen. 0
11 Temporal bones. Petrous portion. Jugular foramen (for jugular vein). Internal auditory meatus (internal acoustic meatus). 8 A A: Anterior cranial fossa B: Middle cranial fossa C: Posterior cranial fossa. 7 9 C B Sphenoid bone. Sella turcica. Greater wing. Lesser wing. Optic foramen (for optic nerve). Foramen ovale (for trigeminal nerve) 7. Foramen rotundum (for trigeminal nerve) 8. Superior orbital fissure 9. Foramen spinosom
12 Sphenoid bone. Sella turcica 7. Optic foramen (for optic nerve). Foramen ovale (for trigeminal nerve) 9 Carotid canal 0 7. Foramen rotundum (for trigeminal nerve) 9. Foramen spinosom 0. Foramen lacerum.. Anterior clinoid process 8 Sphenoid bone. Optic foramen (for optic nerve) 8. Superior orbital fissure. Inferior orbital fissure.
13 Sphenoid bone. Pterygoid processes 7. Sphenoid bone. Foramen ovale (for trigeminal nerve) 7. Foramen rotundum (for trigeminal nerve) 7 9. Foramen spinosom 9 8.
14 Sphenoid bone. Sella turcica. Greater wings. Lesser wings 8. Optic foramen (for optic nerve) 7. Foramen ovale (for trigeminal nerve) 9 7. Foramen rotundum (for trigeminal nerve) Superior orbital fissure 9. Foramen spinosom Sphenoid bone. Pterygoid processes
15 0. Ethmoid bone. Cribiform plate (for olfactory nerves). Crista galli. Ethmoid sinuses. Ethmoid bone. Cribiform plate (for olfactory nerves). Crista galli. Ethmoid sinuses. Olfactory foramina.
16 Ethmoid bone. Perpendicular plate. Middle nasal conchae. Ethmoid bone. Cribiform plate (for olfactory nerves) (holes). Crista galli. Olfactory foramina.
17 Ethmoid bone. Perpendicular plate. Middle nasal conchae Vomer (separate bone) Inferior nasal conchae (separate bone). Mandible. Ramus. Coronoid process 8. Condylar process (mandibular condyle) 7. Mandibular notch. angle. Body Mental foramen 8. Alveolar process 9. Mental process 7
18 Mandible 0. Mandibular foramen 0. Mandibular symphysis 7. Maxilla. Incisive foramen. Palatine suture. Hard palate Palatine bones 8. (separate bones) 8
19 Maxilla. Zygomatic process. Infraorbital foramen (for trigeminal nerve). Frontal process. Anterior nasal spine 9. Perpendicular plate of ethmoid Other skull bones:. Zygomatic bones. Nasal bones. Lacrimal bones. Palatine bones. Vomer bone 0. Palatine bones: Horizontal portion (horizontal plate) 9
20 . Vomer bone You can see the vomer in two places: the lower / of the plate in the nose, and here. Do not get the vomer mixed up with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, which is not visible in this view.. THE BONES OF THE ORBIT:.. Frontal bone (superior area). Ethmoid bone (medial area). Sphenoid bone (posterior). Maxilla (inferior). Zygomatic bone (lateral) NOTE: ignore the lacrimal bone for test purposes 0
21 . Palatine. Nasal. Maxilla. Mandible. 7. Frontal. Parietal. Temporal. Occipital. Sphenoid. Palatine 7. Nasal.
22 . Right zygomatic. Left zygomatic. Sphenoid.. Palatine.
23 . Right palatine. Vomer. Left palatine 7. FETAL SKULL. Anterior fontanel. Posterior fontanel. Sagittal suture. Metopic (frontal) suture 8.
24 FETAL SKULL. Sphenoid fontanel. Mastoid fontanel 9. EAR BONES. Malleus. Incus. Stapes 0.
25 CERVICAL VERTEBRAE All cervical vertebrae have a pair of TRANSVERSE FORAMINA. This is where an artery goes, called the VERTEBRAL ARTERY.. Spinous process 7. Transverse processes. Lamina.. Pedicle. Body. Vertebral foramen. Name this bone. (hole in #) Transverse foramina Two of the cervical vertebrae have special names.. ATLAS (C-). It holds up the head. Transverse process. Transverse foramen. Vertebral foramen. Anterior tubercle. Posterior tubercle 7. Superior articular facet 8. Facet for the dens of axis 9. Transverse ligament (not seen except for location)
26 . Process and hole Name this bone AXIS (C-). The transverse ligament holds the axis on the dens.. Dens (or odontoid process). Transverse process and transverse foramen. Vertebral foramen. Spinous process. Superior articular facet. Inferior articular process. THORACIC VERTEBRAE Each one articulates with a rib.. Spinous process. Transverse processes. Lamina. Body. Pedicle.. Vertebral foramen
27 7 THORACIC VERTEBRAE Each one articulates with a rib.. Spinous process. 8. Transverse processes. Body 7. Superior articular processes 8. Inferior articular processes LUMBAR VERTEBRAE. Spinous process. Transverse processes. Lamina. Body. Pedicle. Vertebral foramen.. Cervical vertebrae. Thoracic vertebrae. Lumbar vertebrae 7. 7
28 KNOW THE FOLLOWING ON A FULL SKELETON VERTEBRAL COLUMN:. Intervertebral foramina. Intervertebral disc 8. SACRUM. Sacral canal and sacral hiatus is the opening to the canal. Sacral foramina. Median sacral crest 9.. Superior articular process. Lateral sacral crest (there is one on each side. They are where the transverse processes would be 8
29 SACRUM. Auricular surface (on the ala) 0. (Upper lip) SACRUM. Sacral foramina. Ala. Sacral promontory. Apex of sacrum. 9
30 COCCYX. Apex of sacrum. Base of coccyx. Apex of coccyx... Transverse lines of the sacrum STERNUM b. MANUBRIUM a. Jugular notch b. Clavicular notch c. Costal notches. a c. BODY (also has costal notches). XIPHOID PROCESS 0
31 RIBS ( ribs altogether) Know these on a full skeleton only:. True Ribs (First seven ribs). False (Last five ribs). Costal Cartilages (connect ribs to sternum). RIBS ( ribs altogether). Floating Ribs (Last two ribs).
32 A single rib. Head. Neck. Articular tubercle. Angle 7. Name this bone HYOID BONE This is the only named bone in the body that does not articulate with any other bone. You can feel your hyoid bone on your throat. It is very important. It has more muscles attached to it than any other bone. 8. It is a semi-circular bone with horns on it called CORNU.. Cornu
33 OS COXA: The fusion of bones (Ilium, ischium, pubis) during childhood:. Acetabulum. Obturator foramen 9. ILIUM (Right). Iliac crest. Iliac fossa. Anterior superior iliac spine 7. Anterior inferior iliac spine. Posterior superior iliac spine 70.. Posterior inferior iliac spine 7. Greater sciatic notch
34 ILIUM (Left). Iliac crest. Iliac fossa. Anterior superior iliac spine 8. Anterior inferior iliac spine. Posterior superior iliac spine Posterior inferior iliac spine 7. Greater sciatic notch 8. Arcuate line ISCHIUM. Ischial spine. Ischial tuberosity. Lesser sciatic notch 7.
35 PUBIS. Pubic symphysis. Pubic arch. Pubic crest. Pelvic brim 7. 7 FEMUR. Head. Neck. Greater trochanter. Lesser trochanter. Gluteal tuberosity. Fovea capitis 7. Intertrochanteric crest 7. FEMUR. Gluteal tuberosity. Linea aspera. Medial supracondylar line. Lateral supracondylar line. Popliteal fossa 7.
36 FEMUR. Greater trochanter. Fovea capitis. Lesser trochanter. Intertrochanteric line 7. FEMUR. Medial condyle 8. Lateral condyle TIBIA. Lateral condyle. Medial condyle. Tibial tuberosity. Anterior crest. Medial malleolus
37 TIBIA. Medial malleolus 7. Fibular notch TIBIA. Intercondylar eminence 80. 7
38 FIBULA. Head. Lateral malleolus TARSALS:. TALUS. CALCANEUS. NAVICULAR. CUBOID. CUNEIFORMS (MEDIAL INTERMEDIATE, LATERAL),. METATARSALS (-) 7. PHALANGES (proximal, intermediate, distal) 8. Hallux (big toe) 9. Facet for lateral malleolus 0. Facet for medial malleolus. Calcaneal tuberosity 8. 8
39 The Knee PATELLA 8.. Apex. Base. Lateral border. Medial border. Articular facet for medial condyle of the femur. Articular facet for lateral condyle of the femur The Knee Ligaments. Patellar ligament. Quadriceps tendon. Lateral collateral ligament (fibular collateral ligament) 8. Medial collateral ligament (tibial collateral ligament). Lateral meniscus 8.. Medial meniscus 7. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) 8. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) 9
40 7 8 The Knee Ligaments. Patellar ligament. Quadriceps tendon. Lateral collateral ligament (fibular collateral ligament). Medial collateral ligament (tibial collateral ligament). Lateral meniscus 8.. Medial meniscus 7. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) 8. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) The Knee Ligaments 7. Patellar ligament. Quadriceps tendon. Lateral collateral ligament (fibular collateral ligament). Medial collateral ligament (tibial collateral ligament). Lateral meniscus. Medial meniscus Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) 8. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) 0
41 Parietal bone Frontal bone Squamosal suture Lambdoidal suture Occipital bone Sagittal suture Coronal suture
42 . Scaphoid (by thumb). Lunate. Styloid process of radius. Styloid process of ulna. Head. Radus 7. Ulna 8. Radial tuberosity 9. Neck of radius 0. Head of radius. Radial notch
43 . First metacarpal. Intermediate phalanx, second digit. Distal phalanx first digit. Proximal phalanx first digit.trapezium.trapezoid. Capitate. Hamate. Scaphoid. Lunate 7. Triangular 8. Pisiform 9. Styloid process of radius 0. Styloid process of ulna Acetabulum Head of femur Neck of femur Pubic symphysis Greater Trochanter Ischial tuberosity Lesser Trochanter 7
44 8. Ala. Iliac Fossa 8. Ischial Tuberosity 9. Obturator Foramen. Pubic Symphysis. Pubic Bone. Lesser Trochanter. Neck of the femur. Greater Trochanter. Head 7. Acetabulum 8. Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine 9. Anterior Superior Iliac spine 0. Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine. Posterior Superior Iliac Spine. Iliac Crest. Head of femur 7. Fovea capitis 9. Obturator foramen. Pubic symphysis. Ischial tuberosity. Lesser trochanter. Greater trochanter. Neck 9
45 Patella Lateral condyle of femur Lateral condyle of tibia Head of fibula Medial condyle of femur Intercondylar eminence Medial condyle of tibia Anterior crest of tibia
46 \\ Epiphyseal plates
47 Distal phalanx Proximal phalanx Intermediate phalanx First Metatarsal Fifth Metatarsal First Cuneiform Navicular Talus Cuboid Calcaneus 7
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