Mystic Air Qality Conu1tanL, Inc.

Transcription

1 14 Williams Street New London Public Schools 1.. August, North Road (Rt. 117) Groton, Connecticut 0640 Communications (4 hours): website: aol. corn Office: (860) FAX: (860) Toll Free: 1 (800) Christopher J. Eident, CIH, CSP, RS, CEO Sincerely, If you have any questions or concerns please do not hesitate to contact me directly. sample. both lower and higher total spore counts in comparison to the exterior reference conditions only at the time the samples were taken. Sampling was conducted utilizing an Air-O-Cell cassette and analyzed microscopically by a laboratory that is accredited by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (ANA). The interior sample results depicted Enclosure () contains the total fungal spore count results. Results reflect Enclosure () contains the ambient gas, and vapor air sample results. Sampling within applicable standards and comfort based recommendations. temperature, relative humidity, total hydrocarbons, combustible gases, hydrogen sulfide, respirable particulates, and percent oxygen. At the time of the survey all levels were all was conducted using direct reading instruments for carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, limited and directed indoor air quality investigation at the site referenced above. The sampling was conducted in six random classrooms and common areas throughout the renovated areas of the building. Sampling was conducted in reference to the near completion of the renovation project and the establishment of current conditions. As requested, on August 1,014 Mystic Air Quality Consultants, Inc. conducted a Dear Mr. Wheeler: () Ambient Air Results (4) Limitations End: (1) Recommendations () Airborne Fungi Screening Results New London, Connecticut Montauk Avenue Location: Harbor School Re: Limited and Directed Indoor Air Quality Results, New London, Connecticut. Chief Information Officer Attn: Mr. Timothy Wheeler New London, Connecticut 060 Mystic Air Qality Conu1tanL, Inc. T1Th

2 odors were noted during the time of the survey was conducted using direct reading instruments for carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, temperature, relative humidity, total hydrocarbons, combustible gases, hydrogen suffide, respirable particulates, and percent oxygen. At the time of the survey all levels were all Enclosure () contains the ambient gas, and vapor air sample results. Sampling within applicable standards and comfort based recommendations. No objectionable Enclosure (1) Page 1 of final stages of renovation or awaiting new furniture and materials to enter the space. school. I believe that these activities along with multiple exterior doors and windows being open, generated the Cladosporium levels depicted in the results. The outside sample was During the time of the survey, none of the sample locations depicted signs of visible microbial growth in accessible areas. All of the sampled locations were either in the During the time of the survey, the building had multiple exterior doors and windows open landscaping crew began mowing, trimming, and blowing the large front lawn of the to provide access for contractors and ventilation. Shortly after the start of sampling, a hallway adjacent to classroom A- exhibit counts of Cladosporium that were not replicated considered a marker for damaged building materials and is the most commonly identified exterior fungi in temperate climates. in first two samples or the exterior reference sample. Please note, Cladosporium is not The samples collected in classroom, the gymnasium, classroom A-, and the sample. Based on the limited qualification of the genus identification, the interior samples conditions only at the time the samples were taken. Sampling was conducted utilizing an Air-O-Cell cassette and analyzed microscopically by a laboratory that is accredited by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA). The interior sample results depicted exhibited similar biodiversity in relation to the exterior reference sample. Enclosure () contains the total fungal spore count results. Results reflect both lower and higher total spore counts in comparison to the exterior reference Sampling was conducted utilizing Air-O-Cell cassettes, a device designed for the rapid collection and analysis of a wide range of airborne particles, including fungal spores. per minute for five minutes. Three samples were collected from six classroom and hallway locations throughout the renovated areas of the school. Additionally, an exterior sample was taken for reference purposes. Results reflect conditions only at the time samples were the entire slide (100% of the sample) being analyzed. The results are reported as total, meaning they include both viable and non-viable spores. SanAir Laboratories, Inc analyzed the samples. SanAir is staffed by certified microbiologists and is accredited by the American Industrial Hygiene Association s Environmental Microbiology Laboratory Accreditation Program (EMLAP). The cassette is attached to a high flow calibrated pump that operates at fifteen (15) liters taken. AirO-Cell samples are analyzed via light microscopy at 600X magnification, with FUNGAL SPORE COUNT & IDENTIFICATION AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING

3 collected at the end of the survey, after the mowing activities had been completed. The timing of the exterior sampling in relation to the mowing activities, along with wind direction would all have a direct impact on the exterior sample counts. Based upon the sample results and the unfinished state of the school, retesting is recommended once the contractor activities have been completed and the classrooms are closer to their intended state. Building personnel should periodically conduct building walkthroughs to help identify sources of poor indoor air quality. It is recommended that any future identified water damaged porous building materials (sheetrock, plaster, ceiling tiles, carpeting) be removed and disposed of. All semi-porous materials (wood, concrete) can be cleaned through sanding, wet wiping, andjor FIEPA vacuuming. All non-porous materials (steel, glass, plastics) can be effectively cleaned utilizing wet wiping techniques. All damaged materials should be removed and replaced only after all condensation! moisture intrusion issues have been addressed. This removal should be conducted by competent individuals in a manner which best isolates the work area from the remaining sections of the building. All remediation of visible microbial growth if found should be conducted using the recommendations of the guidelines issued by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienist s (ACGIH), Bioaerosols, Assessment and Control. Enclosure (1) Page of

4 Mystic Air Quality Consultants, Inc. 104 North Road, Groton, Connecticut 0640 (860) AMBIENT AIR SAMPLE RESULTS LOCATION: Harbor School 4 Montauk Avenue New London, Connecticut 060 DATE: August 1, 014 SAMPLE Win- Hydrogen CO C0 0 Total Temp- Relative Comb- Respirable LOCATION dows/ Sulfide Carbon Carbon Oxygen Hydro- erature Humidity ustible Particulate Doors Monoxide Dioxide carbons Gases Open ppm ppm ppm % ppm F % % mg/rn Yes/No Classroom 8 No Hallway (Adjacent to No 600 Classroom 7) Classroom No Gymnasium No Hallway (Adjacent to Yes Classroom A-) Classroom A- No Outside Standards instrumentation: 10 ppm 50 ppm 700 ppm Various % 10% 5.0 OSHA OSHA Above.5% 80.0 ASHRAE OSHA mg/rn Outside OSHA ASHR OSHA ASHRAE AE 5000 ppm OSHA Sampling CO, C0, Temperature, Humidity- TSI, Q-Trak, Hydrogen Sulfide, Oxygen, Combustible Gases- MicroMax, Total Hydrocarbons- ppb Rae. Respirable Particulates- TSI, Dust Trak. Key: OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration ASIIRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigerating Engineers Enclosure (1) Page 1 of 1 and Air-Conditioning

5 SanAir Technologies Laboratory Analysis Report prepared for Mystic Air Quality Consultants Report Date: Project Name: Harbor School NL SanMr ID#: J[J 4 SanAir NVLAPLAB CODEOD87OO Ce.lification 659I License LA0166 koije LI: E:: ni ci :CLDSURE( PAGE i OF c

6 sair SanAir TechnoI:iies Laboratory, Inc Oakbñdge Dñve, Suite B, Powhatan, VA Toll Free: Fax: Web: iaqsanair.com Mystic Air Quality Consultants Linda Lastella 104 North Road Groton, CT 0640 August, 014 SanAir ID # Project Name: Harbor School NL Project Number: Dear Scott Adams, We at SanAir would like to thank you for the work you recently submitted. The 7 sample(s) were received on Friday, August, 014 via FedEx. The final report(s) is enclosed for the following sample(s): 1,,,4,5,6,7. These results only pertain to this job and should not be used in the interpretation of any other job. This report is only complete in its entirety. Refer to the listing below of the pages included in a complete final report. Sincerely, L. Claire Macdonald Microbiology Laboratory Manager SanAir Technologies Laboratory Final Report Includes: - Cover Letter - Analysis Pages - Disclaimers and Additional Information sample conditions: 7 sample(s) in Good condition :NcQUREC PAGE OF

7 Signature: Basidiospores Total Fusarium species Zygophiala species Cladosporium species Epicoccum species Smtits/Myxomycetes Chaetomium species Pithomyces species Rusts Pestalotia- I Pestalotlopsis-like AspergilluslPenicillium Curvularia species Botrytis species Altemaria species Bispora species Ascospores Fungal IdentificatIon Mycelial Fragments Other Page 1 of Reviewed: Date: 8//014 Date: 8// Raw Count Raw Count CounUW 1 Count/M 75 Liters Air Cassette - Allergenco-D Classroom B 1 05C 1 05C 1 05C CD LiJ wa CountlW Raw Count Counts M 105C 1 Count/M 75 Liters 75 Liters Gymnasium Classroom 1 CountIM Air Cassette - Allergenco-D Air Cassette - Ailergenco-D ND = None Detected $ n/a 9 10 $ Raw Count CountiM CountIM % Raw Count 1 40 t Raw count CountIM 10 Raw Count CountjM 5 Raw Count n/a CountlW 1 Count/M + Allergenco-D Air Cassette - Hallway (Adj. Classroom 7) 75 Liters 4 is Volume Analytical SensItivity Sample Identification Sample Number Sample Typo Background Density Analysis Using STL: ISanAir ID Number Air Cassette A Analyst: Macdonald, Claire Collected Date: 810/014 Received Date: 8/ :00:00AM Report Date: 8//014 1:10:00 PM P.O. Number: Project Number: Project Name: Harbor School NL 104 North Road Groton, CT 0640 Address: Linda Lastella Name: Mystic Air Quahty Consultants FINAL REPORT Senkir ID Number Web: iaq@sanair.com Toll Free: Fax: Oakbridge Drive, Suite B, Powhatan, VA 19 Santir SanAir Technobgies Laboratory, Inc.

8 Total Alternana species Bispora species Zygophiala species Chaetomium species Pithomyces species Smuts/Myxomycetes Ascospores Rusts Fungal Identification Pestalotia-! Pestalotiopsis-like Cladosporium species Epicoccum species Fusarium species Aspergillus/Penicillium Curvularia species Botrytis species Basidiospores Mycelial Fragments Other ::::::::;:: Date: 8//014 Page of Reviewed: Signature: Date: 8// Raw Count CountiM Raw Count CountiW 4 5 Raw Count CourWW 1 Count/M 75 Uters Classroom A- 5 Air Cassette - Allergenco-D 1 05C 1 05C 1 05C ci I Raw Count CountIM 8 Raw Count CountiM Raw Cowit CowitIM n/a Lii 0 ND = None Detected 1+ Outside Count/M Air Cassette - Aliergenca-D 1 Count/M Air Cassette - Allergenco-D 75 Liters 6 Hallway (Ad) Classroom A-) 75 Liters is Volume Analytical SensitivIty Sample Number Sample Identification Sample Type Background Density Analysis Using 5Th: SanAir ID Number Air Cassette A Analyst: Macdonald, Claire Collected Date: Received Date: 8//014 11:00:00 AM Report Date: 8//014 1:10:00 PM P.O. Number: Project Number: Project Name: Harbor School NL Groton, CT North Road Address: Unda Lastella Name: Mystic Air Quality Consultants PINAL REPORT SaxiAir ID Number Web: iaq sanair.com Toll Free: Fax: Oakbridge Drive, Suite B, Powhatan, VA 19 r SanAir Technologies Laboratory, Inc.

9 Collected Date: Received Date: 8/ :00:00 AM Report Date: 8//014 1:10:00 PM Toll Free: Fax: Groton, CT North Road Project Name: Harbor School NL Address: Linda Lastella P.O. Number: Name: Mystic Air Quality Consultants Project Number: Web: FINAL RNPORT t.nclds JRE(J PAGE.s ur c rr Pagelof BOTRYTIS SPECIES - Very common. It is parasitic on over 00 plants, vegetables, and soft fruits causing gray mold, but BASIDIOSPORES - specific identification. The release of basidlospores is dependant upon moisture, and they are dispersed by wind. Health Effects: Many have the potential to produce a variety of toxins. Members of this group may trigger Type I and Ill fungal macrofungi. They are saprophytes, ectomycorrhizal fungi or agents of wood rot, which may destroy the structure wood of hypersensitivity reactions. Rarely reported as opportunistic pathogens. BISPORA SPECIES - American Type Culture Collection 1990 Some basidiomycete spores can be identified by spore morphology; however, some care should be exercised with regard to References: C.J. K. Wang, R.A. Zabel, Identification Manual for Fungi from Utility Poles in the Eastern United States, There has been no known research on the health effects, toxicity, or allergens to this fungi. Bispora is a ubiquitous anamorphic fungus and may be isolated from decaying wood. Health Effects: From the Subphylum Basidiomycotina which contains the mushrooms, shelf fungi, and a variety of other buildings. It is extremely difficult to identify a specific genera of mushrooms by using standard culture plate techniques. Often found on window frames. Health Effects: In humans, it is recognized to cause type I and Ill allergic responses. ASPERGILLUSIPENICILLIUM - These spores are easily aerosolized. Only through the visualization of reproductive Because of the large size of the spores, it can be deposited in the nose, mouth and upper respiratory tract, causing nasal indoor environments, on drywall, ceiling tiles, in house dust, carpets, textiles, and on horizontal surfaces in building interiors. hypersensitivity pneumoniti, sinusitis, deratomycosis, onychomycosis, subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis, and invasive morphology, however; some care should be excercised with regard to specific identification. They are identified on tape lifts without sacs. Ascomycetes may develop both sexual and asexual stages. Rain and high humidity may help asci to release, Environments: Diversity, Health Impacts, Investigation, and Control. London and New York: Taylor & Francis, 001. This group contains possible allergens. in the outdoor environment. This class contains the sac fungi and yeasts. Some ascospores can be identified by spore wind, with peak concentrations in the summer and early fall. It is commonly found in outdoor samples. It is often found in It is one of the more common fungi found in nature, extremely widespread and ubiquitous. Conidia are easily carried by the ALTERNARIA SPECIES - This genus compromises a large number of saprobes and plant pathogens. It is one of the infection. Common cause of extrinsic asthma (immediate-type hypersensitivity: type I). Acute symptoms include edema and cases a fungal identification cannot be obtained due to lack of sporulation. Only the mycelial fragments are present, and fragments are used interchangeably. [This information was referenced from the mycology text The Fifth Kingdom ] In some cannot be identified without the distinguishing characteristics of the spores or the structures they grow from. septum infections. It has been known to cause Bakers asthma, farmer s lung, and hay fever. It has been associated with References: Flannigan, Brian, Robert A. Samson, and J. David Miller, eds. Microorganisms in Home and Indoor Work singular = hypha), which are the tubular units of the mycelium usually composed of chitin. The terms hyphae and mycelial predominate airborne fungal spores indoor and outdoor. Outdoors it may be isolated from samples of soil, seeds, and plants. and non-viable analysis by the fact that they have no attachment scars and are sometimes enclosed in sheaths with or and dispurse ascospores, which is why during these weather conditions there is a great increase in counts. Health Effects: Phialophora, Verticillium, Paecilomyces, etc. Small, round spores of this group lack the necessary distinguishing reactions. Most symptoms occur if the individual is immunocompromised in some way (HIV, cancer, etc). Both Penicillium and Aspergillus spores share similar morphology on non-viable analysis and therefore are lumped together into the same group. bronchiospasms, chronic cases may develop pulmonary emphysema. ASCOSPORES - structures can the genera be distinguished. Also included in this group are the spores of the genera Acremonium, characteristics when seen on non-viable examination. Health Effects: Can cause a variety of symptoms including allergic From the fungal Subphylum Ascomycotina. Ascospores are ubiquitous in nature and are commonly found MYCELIAL FRAGMENTS - professional personnel with first hand knowledge of the sample site, and the problems associated with that site. A mycelium (plural = mycelia) is the body of a fungus. It is a collective term for hyphae ( can be made by laboratory personnel. Any interpretation of the potential health effects of the presence of this organism must be made by qualified samples submitted and no interpretation of the data, as to potential. or actual, health effects resulting from exposure to the numbers of organisms found. The descriptions of the organisms presented are derived from various reference materials. The laboratoiy report is based on the data derived from the ORGANISM DESCRIPTIONS 1551 Oakbndge Drive, Suite B, Powhatan, VA saar SanAir Technologies Laboratory, Inc. 8aEAir ID Number

10 Report Date: 8//014 1:10:00 PM Collected Date: 8/0/014 Received Date: 8//014 11:00:00 AM Groton, CT North Road Project Name: Harbor School NL Address: Linda Lastella P.O. Number: Name: Mystic Air Quality Consultants Project Number: Web: REPORT Toll Free: Fax: CLOSURE PAGE OF Pageof paper and textiles. Epicoccum is usually isolated with either Cladosporium species or Aureobasidium species. Health References: Flannigan, Brian, Robert A. Samson, and J. David Miller, eds. Microorganisms in Home and Indoor Work References: Flannigan, Brian, Robert A. Samson, and J. David Miller, eds. Microorganisms in Home and Indoor Work eczema in ruminants. References: St-Germain, Guy, and Richard Summerbell. Identifying Filamentous Fungi: A Clinical Laboratory Handbook. Effects: A common allergen. It also has the potential to produce type I fungal hypersensitivity reactions. Environments: Diversity, Health Impacts, Investigation, and Control. London and New York: Taylor & Francis, 001. EPICOCCUM SPECIES - variety of infections. Some species produce mycotoxin. Food safety issues are related to some species of this genus. PESTALOTIA- I PESTALOTIOPSIS-LIKE - PITHOMYCES SPECIES - Grows on dead grass in pastures and decaying plant material. Health Effects: Causes facial is often found in humidifiers and requires wet conditions to grow. Health Effects: A type I allergen. Frequently involved in eye, This group consists of several genera. Mostly plant pathogens. Environments: Diversity, Health Impacts, Investigation, and Control. London and New York: Taylor & Francis, 001, FUSARIUM SPECIES - skin and nail infections. Fusarium is the most common cause of mycotic keratitis and has been isolated from patients with a A common soil fungus and plant pathogen. Fusarium is frequently isolated from plants and grains. It occasionally occurs in house dust. Is a saprophyte and considered a weakly parasitic secondary invader of plants, moldy It is found in plants, soil, grains, textiles, and paper products. Frequently isolated from air and References: Flannigan, Brian, Robert A. Samson, and J. David Miller, eds. Microorganisms in Home and Indoor Work asthma (immediate-type hypersensitivity: type I). Acute symptoms include edema and bronchiospasms, chronic cases may in reservoirs where condensation is collected, on moist window frames it can easily be seen covering the whole painted area It is found on dead plants, woody plants, food, straw, soil, paint and textiles. Often found in dirty refrigerators and especially rapid under moist conditions. Health Effects: Chaetomium can produce type I fungal hypersensitivity and has caused CLADOSPORIUM SPECIES - on the surface of fiberglass duct liner in the interior of supply ducts. A wide variety of plants are food sources for this fungus. CBS, 000. References: Flannigan, Brian, Robert A. Samson, and J. David Miller, eds. Microorganisms in Home and Indoor Work dust samples and from wallpaper. Health Effects: It has been reported to cause type I hypersensitivity and to be a cause of References: De Hoog, G.S., J. Guarro, J. Gene, and M.J. Figueras. Atlas of Clinical Fungi, nd Edition. The Netherlands: CURVULARIA SPECIES - Curvularia The to dissolve the cellulose fibers in cotton and paper, and thus cause these materials to disintegrate. The process is especially with a velvety olive green layer. Health Effects: It is a common allergen. It can cause mycosis. Common cause of extrinsic CHAETOMIUM SPECIES - It is an ascomycete. It is found on a variety of substrates containing cellulose including paper parasite. Health Effects: Reported to be allergenic, and can induce asthma attacks. Botrytis does have the potential to produce type and I Ill fungal hypersensitivity reactions. and plant compost. It can be found on the damp or water damaged paper in sheetrock after a long term water damage. Several species have been reported to play a major role in decomposition of cellulose made materials. These fungi are able onychomycosis (nail infections). most commonly identified outdoor fungus. The outdoor numbers are reduced in the develop pulmonary emphysema. Illnesses caused by this genus can include phaeohyphomycosis, chromoblastomycosis, may also be found in soil Is commonly found in tropical and temperate climates growing on vegetative matter or as a plant Environments: Diversity, Health Impacts, Investigation, and Control. London and New York: Taylor & Francis, 001. winter and are often high in the summer. Often found Indoors in numbers less than outdoor numbers. It is commonly found hay fever and common allergies. is found on plant material and is considered a saprobe. It has also been isolated from Environments: Diversity, Health Impacts, Investigation, and Control. London and New York: Taylor & Francis, 001. allergic fungal sinusitis. It may cause corneal infections, mycetoma and infections in immune compromised hosts. professional personnel with first hand knowledge of the sample site, and the problems associated with that site. can be made by laboratory personnel. Any interpretation of the potential health effects of the presence of this organism must be made by qualified samples submitted and no interpretation of the data, as to potential, or actual, health effects resulting from exposure to the numbers of organisms found, The descriptions of the organisms presented are derived from various reference materials. The laboratory report is based on the data derived from the ORGANISM DESCRIPTIONS 1551 Oakbiidge Drive, Suite B, Powtiatan, VA sair SanAir Technologies Laboratory, Inc. SanAir II) Number

11 sair SanAir Tech noioo:es Laboratory, Inc. SanAir ID 1551 Oakbridge Drive, Suite B, Powhatan,VA ToIl Free: Fax: Web: iaq@sanair.com FINAL R.5POT Name: Mystic Air Quality Consultants Project Number: Address: Linda Lastella P.O. Number: North Road Project Name: Harbor School NL Groton, CT 0640 Collected Date: 8/0/014 Received Date: 8/ :00:00 AM Report Date: 8/1014 1:10:00 PM ORGANISM DESCRIPTIONS The descriptions of the organisms presented are derived from various reference materials. The laboratory report is based on the data derived from the samples submitted and no interpretation of the data, as to potential, or actual. health effects resulting from exposure to the numbers of organisms found. can be made by laboratory personnel. Any interpretation of the potential health effects of the presence of this organism must be made by qualified professional personnel with first hand knowledge of the sample site, and the problems associated with that site. California: Star Publishing Co., RUSTS - From the group Uredinales, called Rusts due to the color of the spores, which are known for causing disease in plants. SIWIUTSIMYXOMYCETES - Smuts and Myxomycetes are parasitic plant pathogens. They are typically grouped together due to their association with plants, the outdoors and because they share similar microscopic morphology. Health Effects: Can produce type I fungal hypersensitivity reactions. References: Martin, G.W., C.J. Alexopoulos, and M.L, Farr. The Genera of Myxomycetes. Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa Press, 198. ZYGOPHIALA SPECIES - This fungi is known as a plant pathogen. References: Ellis, Martin B., Ellis, Pamela, Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook. England, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd., OLDSURE PAGE 7 OF c Pageof

12 cay, state,&r0t0n, CT North Road pnnednp.e: lc,rlr cirj WL J[Phcnet Mdmss Mystic Aw Qualily Consultants ww.sanair.com ! Fax Chain of Custody ENCLOSU RE(i PAGE OF 10 Page.otL *JthtJgh we allow Dired Identification from a swab sample, best results are received from tape samples. Weekend or Holiday work must be scheduled ahead of time and Is charged 150% of analytical rate. Unless scheduled, the him around time for all samples received after pm Friday will begin at Sam Monday mcrnlng Scc4 /hcs /c/&i IO?,JO L AUG! 1014 RelInquished by Dit. Time I Received by I Date I Time [seciiiins,niciion4r 14(?. rat * AC 4 r W Water LI - Culture Identification and Enumeration of Leqionella ap Days SanAIr Technologies Labomtoiy offers pedation by PCR. Please call for details and pricing. D Dust Ml - Oust Mite Ailergen Test Hours SW 8 SWab C4 - Culture Identification and Enumeration of Therniophilic Bacteria with C or C analysis -4 or 5-10 Days C - Culture Identification and Enumeration of Fungi and Badeda 5-10 Days Bulk C-Culture Identification and Enumeration of Badetia only 4 Days Ap Air Cl - Culture Identification and Enumeration of Fungi only 5-10 Days Swabs 0 - Direct Identification of Mites, lnsec* Pollen. etc. Hours Std 5B B Bulk 7 Tape Dl - Dlred Identification of Fim Hews I SW A - Identification and Enumeration of Fungal spores only Hour(6I4S48-Std Al - Identification and Enimieratlon of Fungal spores, plus hital dander, fiber, and pclen count Hours SW Sample Types Analysis Types Turn Around That sana So Acjr P.O. Nun*ec pg J) JQ) 1 Emat 1551 Oakbrldge Drive, Suite B - Powhatan, VA 19 Microbiology Sanhir Technologies IaIioraiofl Inc. SanAk ID Numb.,

13 always analyzes 100% of the impacted slide. types of air cassettes. Light microscopy at a 400 to I 000x magnification is used for air cassette sample analysis. SanAir and fibers which are included in air cassette reports for the Al Analysis. Al and P analyses are performed on several keep in mind that spores can remain allergenic even after cellular death. Other possible allergens include dander, pollen slide (A Analysis). Whether or not these spores are viable cannot be determined using this type of analysis. However, Air cassette reports indicate the genus and concentration of viable (lmng) and non-viable mold spores detected on the ENCLQSURE PAGE OF i I o1 Modified/4/011 I x (1,000 I Total Volume in Liters) raw count of one. Keep in mind there are 1,000 liters in a cubic meter. The limit of detection is the lowest spore count detectable with reasonable certainty, and it is calculated this way using a accounted for. be higher counts associated with the higher volume. By comparing the Count/rn fungal type detected on the trace. The middle column is the count per cubic meter (Count/rn ) which is the raw count cassette pulled at 75 liters should not be compared to the raw count of a cassette pulled at 150 liters because there may columns the difference in volumes are helpful for interpreting results when the samples were pulled at different total volumes. In other words, the raw count of a in a cubic meter of air from the location in question if the spores were distributed evenly throughout the air. This column is Each sample has columns of information provided. The left is the raw count which is the number of spores for that converted based on the total volume pulled for that sample. It represents the number of spores that should be expected Understanding the Air Cassette Report estimate higher than 1,000 spores will be reported as >1,000. Any genus of fungi detected on an air cassette with a high raw count (i.e. exceeding 500 spores) may be estimated. Any Stachybotrys and Memnoniella spores are coated with a sticky slime layer that may inhibit aerosolization. similar characteristics may also be placed into this category, induding Paecilomyces, Gliocladium, and Trichoderma, each other; therefore, they are grouped into the category Aspergillusl Penicillium. Other fungi that produce spores of The genera Aspergillus and Penicillium are typically composed of small, round spores that are difficult to distinguish from among others. Will be categorized as unknown spores on the final report. In some instances certain groups of fungi cannot be identified due to a lack of distinguishing characteristics. These fungi A Note About the Funnal Snores 4 Overloaded Level of particulate too high to perform analysis High May cause occlusion of small to medium spores + Moderate to High May cause occlusion of small spores + Very High Will cause occlusion of spores Low to Moderate Should not skew any counts 1+ Low Should not skew any counts 1 Insignificant Should not skew any counts Density on Slide Air Cassette Amount of Particulate Explanation volume of air pulled was too high or too low. The following table explains background densities. mask the presence of fungal spores thereby reducing the accuracy of the count. It may also serve as an alert that the The background density of an air cassette aids in the overall interpretation of results as it indicates the level of background debris present (e.g. dander, pollen, fibers, insect parts, soot, fly ash, etc.). Excessive background debris may Explanation of Background Densities Air Cassette Analyses Additional Information

14 The last column on the nght shows the percentage for which each spore type comprised the total spore count. The graph is a visual representation of the baseline sample (usually the outdoor air sample) compared individually against Understanding the Air Cassette Graph Raw Count x (1,000 I Total Volume in Liters) ENCLOSURES) PAGE [C OF 10 of Modfiedl4 0fl be certified by every local, state and federal regulatory agencies. This report does not constitute endorsement by AIHA/NVLAP and/or any other U.S. governmental agencies; and may not is essential in this decision. SanAir is accredited by AIHA in the EMLAP program for Direct Examination of air samples. knowledge of water damage, past remediation and weather conditions during sampling, among other elements. information provided in this report applies only to the samples submitted and is relevant only for the date, time and location of sampling. SanAir will not provide any opinion on the safety of a building as visual inspection and results nor reports will be discussed with or released to any third party without our client s written permission. The This report is the sole property of the client named on the SanAir Technologies Laboratory chain-of-custody. Neither Disclaimer EPA (Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings) New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (Guidelines on Assessment and Remediation of Fungi in Indoor Environments) IESO (Standards of Practice for the Assessment of Indoor Air Quality) NADCA (ACR 006) AIHA (The Facts About Mold) AIHA (Recognition, Evaluation, and Control of Indoor Mold) assist in remediation projects: 550 pertains specifically to mold remediation. Other standards and guidelines regarding Indoar Air Quality that may Certification s (IICRC) 5500 and 550 protocols. The S500 is a reference guide for water-damage restoration and the For assistance in a remediation project you may consult the Institute of Inspection, Cleaning and Restoration more information pertaining to interpretation of results is available on our website Assistance with Remediation Prolects the indoor air quality of a building. of water damage, past remediation, and weather conditions, among other elements, is essential in the decision regarding Keep in mind that this graph is to be used only as a tool in the inspection of a building. Visual examination and knowledge show up on the chart, the inside Countlm commonly found outside and doesn t typically indicate a possible moisture problem inside. For example, most common (e.g. Stachybotiys, Ulocladium, Chaetomium, Memnoniella, etc.) are given lower threshold levels. These fungi have a 100%, then the bar will be above 100 on the chart, which corresponds to Probable mold amplification. will stop between 50 and 100, which corresponds to Possible mold amplification. If the percentage is greater than corresponds to No evidence of mold amplification. If the percentage is between 50 and 100%, then the bar on the chart values of 14 and 0, respectively, as even a low count of those types of spores may indicate an issue with excess moisture. The graph shows the percentile representation of each indoor spore count derived by dividing the indoor Countlm Each organism is given a threshold level for the Count/rn organism will not be graphed on the chart. This is used to prevent the graph from showing every spore type that is outdoor spores (e.g. ascospores, basidiospores, and Cladosporium) have a threshold level of 100. Therefore, in order to outdoor Count/rn higher water activity value and therefore require more moisture to grow. Stachybotrys and Chaetomium have threshold by the. If the percentage is below 50% of the outside count, then the bar is below 50 on the chart, which. If this threshold level is not met in an inside sample, then the must be above 100. On the other hand, fungi that may indicate water damage meter. each indoor sample. Each spore type found on the indoor sample is compared to what was found outdoors per cubic How to calculate the count per cubic meter:

15 overcrowding and are therefore estimations. Similarly, excessive non-microbial particulates can mask the presence of fungal spores, thereby reducing counting accuracies. Slides containing greater that 500 fungal spores are difficult to count accurately due to The Air-O-Cell Cassette does not allow for the cultivation or speciation of spores. Enclosure (4) Page 1 of I accordingly. materials that potentially could be disturbed need to be tested for hazardous and or regulated materials, such as but not limited to, lead and asbestos so that they are handled As a final note with regard to the disturbance of building materials, all building As a general note, medical personnel should play a key role in identifying any in environments where there are contaminants below set standards or detectable limits. potential building related illness. It is always recommended that medical expertise be sought in any situation were the probability exists for a potential building related illness. Additionally, please note that individuals may exhibit hypersensitive or allergic reactions of a dose response relationship, which makes defining standards and guidelines nearly composition varies widely depending on spatial and temporal changes. There is also a lack impossible. A few proposed guidelines for fungi have been published, however, they should be used with care and only for screening purposes and not as a health standard. Assessment and Control, 1999) samples are interpreted in conjunction with a visual walkthrough of the facility that attempts to identify potential microbial sources and Because fungal spores may include a mixture of various fungal taxa, their Since there are no consensus health-based standards for fungal levels, as recommended by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, (Bioaerosols, symptoms of building occupants that could potentially be linked to microbial growth. Note that the walkthrough is only attempting to identify accessible potential microbial sources. Inaccessible areas such as between walls, behind structural components, behind architectural components (wallpaper, cove molding), above suspended ceilings and the interior of ventilation units are not included unless specifically referenced in this report. environmental purposes only and are used to assist in the determination of potential microbial reservoirs or amplifiers. Comparatively low results shall not be used to confirm the absence of microbial contamination. Additional air sampling as well as source sampling may need to be conducted to assist in the evaluation of this limited data. Suspected contamination could be collected by source sampling to confirm the presence of fungal andlor bacteria. This approach identifies not only the source of contamination but also facilitates eventual removal and control of fungal and bacteria growth. No results shall be used as a health risk exposure assessment. Sample results are for LIMITATIONS