Spontaneous persistent ac.vity in entorhinal cortex modulates cor.co- hippocampal

Transcription

1 Spontaneous persistent a.vity in entorhinal ortex moulates or.o- hippoampal intera.ons in vivo Thomas T. G. Hahn, James M. MFarlan, Sven Bererih, Bert Sakmann, Mayank R. Mehta Neoortial persistent Up states (%) MECIII LECIII Entorhinal persistent Up states (%) Suppementary Figure : MECIII, ut not LECIII, neurons show a signifiant amount of persistent Up states with respet to neoor.al UDS: For eah ECIII neuron the fracon of its Up states that were persistent is ploge against the orresponing fracon of neoorcal LFP Up states that were persistent with respet to the entorhinal neurons UDS for MECIII neurons (re irles) an LECIII neurons (lue irles). While MECIII neurons Up states were persistent with respet to the neoorcal UDS a sustancal fracon of the Cme ( +.%), the onverse was almost never true (. +.%; p=.x - 8 ; Wiloxon signe rank test). In ontrast, the LECIII neurons i not show a signifiant amount of persistent Up states, sine the neoorcal Up states were persistent with respet to LECIII UDS (. +.%) as o^en as the onverse (. +.9%; p=.). Nature Neurosiene: oi:.8/nn.6

2 g f.. j l 6 mv k /(& QRQí\U /(& QRQí\U (& QRQí\U 6 Persistene (%).6.8 'RZQíWUDQVLWLRQ ODJ V i 8 Spike with (ms) 8 /(& QRQí\U 7 (& QRQí\U UP state firing rate (Hz) h (& QRQí\U /(& QRQí\U 7 (& QRQí\U 7.8 UP state MP (mv) 6 6 mm /(& QRQí\U e!m /(& QRQí\U mm!m Down state MP (mv) mv (& QRQí\U (& QRQí\U mv a!m mm Supplementary Figure : Similar proper.es of pyramial an non- pyramial ECIII neurons: a) Example trae of a non- pyramial MECIII neuron s memrane potencal (re trae) along with the neoorcal LFP (gray trae), learly emonstracng persistent acvity similar to the MECIII pyramial neurons ) SagiGal rain slie showing the region of MEC where the example neuron in a was reore (re ox). The inset shows a minimum intensity projecon of the reore likely omplex ipolar neuron, with two prinipal enrites reahing towars the orcal surfae at right. ) Example trae from a non- pyramial LECIII neuron s memrane potencal (lue trae) along with the neoorcal LFP (gray trae), showing a lak of persistent acvity. ) Same as for the LECIII neuron shown in. e- j) Comparison of the eletrophysiologial properces of ECIII pyramial an non- pyramial neurons, inluing: Up state amplitue, Down state amplitue, spike with, Up state firing rate, fracon of persistent Up states, an Down- transicon lag. No signifiant ifferenes etween pyramial (MECIII n=; LECIII n=) an non- pyramial (MECIII n=; LECIII n=) neurons were foun for any of the aove epite properces, perhaps eause of the small sample size. k- l) Same as a- for an MECIII interneuron, showing a lear lak of persistent acvity. The interneuron ha an Up state memrane potencal of - 8 mv, a Down state memrane potencal of - 7 mv, an an Up state firing rate of. Hz. The Up- transicon lag was 9 ms, the Down- transicon lag was ms, an only.7% of Up states were persistent. Nature Neurosiene: oi:.8/nn.6

3 Dorsoventral position (mm).... Meiolateral position (mm).... Rostroaual position (mm) Persistent up states (%) 6 Depth from pia (um) Supplementary Figure : Persistent a.vity is inepenent of anatomial posi.on within MEC an LEC: (Top) SaGerplot showing the three- imensional anatomial posicons of eah MECIII (re irles) an LECIII (lue irles) pyramial neuron use in analysis. The size of eah marker epits the fracon of that neuron s Up states that were persistent. Persistent acvity, as well as a neuron s average Down- transicon lag, were not signifiantly orrelate with the ell s orsoventral (MEC: -.8, p=.; LEC: r=., p=.8), rostroaual (MEC: r=-., p=.6; LEC: r=.9, p=.77), or meiolateral (MEC: r=., p=.; LEC: r=.7, p=.7) posicon. (BoGom) SaGerplot showing the fracon of a neurons Up states whih were persistent vs. the epth of the neurons soma from the pia. Of the neurons for whih the epth oul e relialy escmate (MEC; n = 7; LEC: n = ), there was no signifiant orrelacon etween persistene an soma epth (MEC: r=-.78, p=.6; LEC: r=-., p=.9). Nature Neurosiene: oi:.8/nn.6

4 a. e.. Nx UDS yles Nx UDS yles Supplementary Figure : Examples of quan.ze MECIII Up state ura.on in six ifferent ells: Histograms of memrane potencal Up state uracon in units of the neoorcal UDS perio for six MECIII ells. a) Example histogram from the same ell shown in Fig.. - f) Similar figures for five other MECIII ells. All examples show mulcmoal istriucons with integer spaing etween the moes, iniacng that the memrane potencal Up state uracons are quancze in the units of neoorcal UDS perio. f.. Nature Neurosiene: oi:.8/nn.6

5 a Persistent Up states (%) Persistent Up states (%) MECIII LECIII.. Nx Down uration (s) Duty yle Persistent Up states (%) Persistent Up states (%) Nx UDS frequeny (Hz) Log relative nx UDS power Supplementary Figure : Comparale, or inrease, ourrene of MECIII persistent Up states uring lighter anesthesia: To etermine the relaconship etween persistent acvity an anesthesia epth we quancfie the rate of ourrene of persistent Up states as a funcon of several ifferent properces of the neoorcal UDS. First, we ompute the average uty yle (efine as the fracon of the UDS perio spanne y the Up state), Down state uracon, peak frequeny, an total power (.. Hz) of neoorcal UDS in sliing winows ( s uracon). With reuing levels of anesthesia, the UDS frequeny an the uty yle inreases while the Down state uracon ereases. The ata were then ivie into equally spae ins ase on the neoorcal UDS properces, an the average fracon of persistent Up states was ompute separately within eah in for MECIII (re trae) an LECIII (lue trae) neurons. Panels a- thus show the relaconship etween the fracon of persistent Up states an the neoorcal Down state uracon, UDS frequeny, UDS uty yle, an UDS power respecvely, average aross neurons. The amount of persistene for a given MECIII neuron was slightly ut signifiantly orrelate with hanges in Down state uracon (r=-. +.7, mean + SEM; p=.8x - 6, Wiloxon signe rank test), UDS frequeny (r=.8 +.7, p=7.x - ), an UDS uty yle (r=.7 +., p=7.x - ), ut was unorrelate with the amount of UDS power (r=. +., p=.6). Importantly, in all three ases where the orrelacons were signifiant, they were suh that when anesthesia was lighter (i.e. shorter neoorcal Down states, higher UDS frequenies, an larger UDS uty yles) the proaility of persistent MECIII Up states inrease. When omparing the within- ell averages of these neoorcal UDS properces with the overall amount of persistene of eah ell, there were no signifiant relaconships foun (Down state uracon: r=.6, p=.; UDS frequeny: r=-.6, p=.9; UDS uty yle: r=-., p=.; an UDS power: r=., p=.9). This oul e eause flutuacons of neoorcal UDS properces within a reoring, rather than aross- reorings, are relate to MECIII persistene, or as a result of larger aross- ell variaility in the amount of persistene. Thus, MECIII persistent Up states are preite to our at omparale or inrease rates uring natural sleep, whih is more similar to lighter anesthesia. Nature Neurosiene: oi:.8/nn.6

6 a Persistene (%) Persistene (%) e Persistene (%) MECIII LECIII Up state amp (mv) Down state amp (mv) Up state firing rate (Hz) f Down-transition lag (s) Down-transition lag (s) Down transition lag (s) Up state amp (mv) Down state amp (mv) Up state firing rate (Hz) Supplementary Figure 6: Lak of orrela.ons etween Up an Down state amplitues an persistene: a) MECIII an LECIII neurons Up state memrane potencal was not signifiantly orrelate with the amount of persistent acvity (MEC: r=.8, p=.7; LEC: r=., p=.) or ) Down- transicon lag (MEC: r=.8, p=.8; LEC: r=-., p=.86). ) Down state memrane potencal was not signifiantly orrelate with persistent acvity (MEC: r=., p=.8; LEC: r=., p=.9) or ) Down- transicon lag (MEC: r=-., p=.; LEC: r=., p=.7). e) The Up state firing rate was not signifiantly orrelate with the amount of persistent acvity (MEC: r=-.8, p=.; LEC: r=-., p=.) or f) Down- transicon lag (MEC: r=-.7, p=.8; LEC: r=-., p=.6). Nature Neurosiene: oi:.8/nn.6

7 a MP amplitue (mv) 7... LFP amplitue (z) Avg. MP amplitue (mv) MP amplitue (mv) e MP amplitue (mv) LFP amplitue (z) LFP amplitue (z) Avg. MP amplitue (mv) f Avg. MP amplitue (mv) Supplementary Figure 7: Persistent Up states annot e eliite in MECIII or LECIII neurons with epolarizing urrent inje.ons: a) Example trae showing the memrane potencal of an MECIII neuron uring a s epolarizing urrent injecon (iniate y the lak retangular trae). The simultaneous neoorcal LFP is shown in gray. In this example the ell returns to the Down state following the terminacon of urrent injecon. ) Average aross 68 s urrent injecons over MECIII ells, showing that the neurons were epolarize y over mv, ut i not generate persistent Up states. ) Example trae for the same neuron as in a, uring s epolarizing urrent injecon. Again, the ell returns to the Down state immeiately upon terminacon of the urrent injecon. ) Same as, ut for 6 s urrent injecons in neurons. In this ase the average epolarizacon is aroun mv, yet the ells return to the pre- scmulus value immeiately a^er the terminacon of urrent injecon. e) Same as for an example LECIII neuron (memrane potencal: lue trae) showing a lak of persistent acvity following the s urrent injecon. f) Same as, average aross s urrent injecons in 9 LECIII neurons, again showing a lak of persistent acvity in the populacon of neurons following urrent injecon. Nature Neurosiene: oi:.8/nn.6

8 Average rleaitve CA MUA rate (z) Me Up Nx Up Me Up Nx Down Me Down Nx Down Me Down Nx Up Supplementary Figure 8: Average CA MUA rates uring MECIII an neoor.al Up an Down states: DistriuCons of the average relacve CA MUA rate uring eah ominacon of the state of MECIII an neoorcal UDS (MEC Up an neoorcal Up; MEC Up an neoorcal Down; MEC Down an neoorcal Up; an MEC Down an neoorcal Down). CA MUA rate was signifiantly higher when oth MEC an neoortex were in the Up state ompare to when only neoortex was in the Up state (p=.x - ). Notaly, CA MUA rate was signifiantly lower when oth MEC an neoortex were in the Up state ompare to when only MEC was in the Up state (p=6.7x - ). Nature Neurosiene: oi:.8/nn.6

9 a Relative frequeny... DG MP MECIII MP Nx LFP 6 8 Up state uration (s). Lag from nx Up-transition (s) Relative frequeny Down state uration (s)... Lag from nx Down-transition (s) e Numer of ells 8 6 Persistent Up states (%) Supplementary Figure 9: Dentate gyrus granule ells o not show persistent a.vity: a) Up state uracons for entate gyrus (DG) granule ells (n=; light lue; s) were signifiantly shorter than the neoorcal LFP (gray; p=9.8x - ). The istriucon of MECIII neurons Up state uracons is shown in re for omparison. ) Same as a for the average DG Down state uracons (.9 +. s), whih were signifiantly longer than neoorcal Down states (p=.9) ) Average DG Up- transicon lags relacve to the neoorcal LFP (light lue; + 8 ms) were similar to that in MECIII (re) neurons (p=.), ut slightly longer than LECIII neurons Up- transicon lags (p=.). ) DG Down- transicon lags (- + ms) were signifiantly shorter than MECIII Down- transicon lags (p=.x - 6 ), ut not signifiantly ifferent than LECIII Down- transicon lags (p=.). e) DG neurons i not show persistent acvity, with only.6 +.9% of Up states eing persistent. Nature Neurosiene: oi:.8/nn.6

10 Nx UDS yles Nx UDS yles MP LFP Supplementary Figure : Assignment of orresponing entorhinal- neoor.al state transi.ons, an etermina.on of entorhinal Up state ura.on in units of neoor.al UDS yles. (Top) Examples of UDS in an MECIII neuron (re trae) an the neoorcal LFP (gray trae) are shown along with the orresponing two UDS state sequenes (overlai lak traes). Up an Down transicons are iniate y the green an violet irles respecvely, an linke Up an Down transicons are shown y the green an violet lines. The sale ars for the y- axis an x- axis are z an s respecvely. Persistent entorhinal Up states (iniate y the lue irle horizontal lines) skippe over the neoorcal Down states whose Down- an Up- transicons were not linke to orresponing entorhinal state transicons (iniate y the re x s). (BoGom) A single MECIII Up state is epite (re trae) along with the orresponing neoorcal LFP signal (gray trae) aligne to the MECIII Up transicon (an with stanar eviacon sutrate for ease of visual omparison). The eginning an en of the MECIII Up state are enote y vercal lak lines. Iniviual neoorcal Up states are epite as re shae regions. In this ase, the total uracon of the MECIII Up state was.8 neoorcal UDS yles. Nature Neurosiene: oi:.8/nn.6