PAIN & PARTICIPATION:
|
|
|
- Tracy Hamilton
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 PAIN & PARTICIPATION: The two-way dilemma MiOTA Conference October 14, 2018 Melissa Gallagher, MS, OTRL & Cheri Ramirez, MS, OTRL
2 Objectives: 1. Define kinesiology principles that provide a basis for common occupational therapy interventions. 2. Identify the relationship between pain response and levels of functional participation. 3. Apply kinesthetic approaches that may have an impact on reducing the initial pain response and facilitating overall positive outcomes for clients across the lifespan.
3 Pain hurts, but muscle disuse leads to
4 Kinesiology: the true definition Harmony, Hitchin A complex triad of: Anatomical, Physiological, & Psychological components that work together to impact functional movement
5 The Relationship between Pain & Movement
6 Pain: defined
7 Pain Receptors /Nociceptors Free nerve endings that respond to damaged tissue, changes in chemical levels, mechanical damage, temperature extremes, oxygen levels, and blood flow Role = to protect the body Very minimal adaptation once a pain receptor is activated, it continues to send impulses to the brain 7
8 Pain Receptors /Nociceptors Found in: dermis of the skin, connective tissue membranes, muscles, tendons, organs NOT in the brain 8
9 How is Pain Sensed?
10 Pain Pathway Cerebral Cortex Thalamus Brainstem Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurowiki2014.wikidot.com Pain Receptors
11 Where is Pain Processed?
12 1 2 Primary Motor Primary Somatosensory Frontal lobe cortex cortex 4 Parietal lobe 5 3 Broca s Area 8 Temporal lobe 7 6 Occipital lobe Cerebellum
13 Limbic system: found in the medial parts of the frontal and temporal lobes and connects with the hypothalamus, thalamus, basal nuclei, and other deep nuclei. Function: Controls our emotional experience, our expression, and how we react when threatened, upset, angry, etc. It also play a small role in olfactory response. cwx.prenhall.com
14 Limbic System Influence on Participation 1. Fear prevents the willingness to move at full capacity a) Kinesiophobia b) Catastrophizing 2. May be used in the process of bypassing painful sensation and/or fear of pain a) Placebo effect b) Virtual reality
15 Kinesiophobia: Fear of movement
16 Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia Originally developed for patients with musculoskeletal pain. Consists of 17 statements capturing the idea that pain is a signal for (re)injury because of physical activity or certain movements. Respondents are asked to indicate their level of agreement on a 4-point rating scale.
17 Catastrophizing is an irrational thought resulting in the belief that something is far worse than it actually is Two different forms: making a catastrophe out of a current situation imagining making a catastrophe out of a future situation Artofmanliness.com
18 Relationship between Pain & the Phases of Movement
19 Phases of Movement: 1. Preparation 2. Initiation 3. Action 4. Follow through
20 Motivation to Move Gain Trust Acknowledge patient s current perception of their pain Allow them to express their fear of pain Share your knowledge and understanding of the pain pathway Establish agreements & stick to what is decided Utilize a team approach (i.e. medication regiment) Be a cheerleader & coach Incorporate FUN into treatment as much as possible
21 Pain Scale
22 Borg RPE Scale (Rate of Perceived Exertion)
23 Interventions I. Kinesiotaping II. Virtual Reality i. Non-immersive ii. Immersive III. Mirror Biofeedback Therapy
24 Kinesiotaping - Purpose Reduce inflammation Reduce pain Promote circulation and tissue healing
25 Kinesiotaping - General Principles Use of I, X, Y, or modifications Direction Rehabilitative Supportive Amount of stretch Location
26 How does kinesiotaping reduce pain? Lifting properties to increase circulation Lymphatic fluid Blood flow Does not limit range of motion
27 Terminology: Origin: fixed end of the muscle; the attachment on the bone that does not move. Insertion: site of attachment of the muscle on the bone that moves.
28 Virtual Reality Non-immersive Virtual Reality senses are only partially subsumed, leaving peripheral awareness of the environment outside of the stimulation Mirror feedback Wii / video games Smart clothing (watch for this in the future Xenoma) Immersive Virtual Reality uses stereoscopic goggles that provide 3D imagery through a tracking device to capture head and body movement or a data glove that tracks hand movements
29 How can VR reduce perceived pain? Theory: Humans have a limited capacity to attention and therefore must attend to a painful stimulus to perceive pain If the individual is attending to another stimuli away from the noxious stimuli they will perceive the painful stimulus as less intense
30 How can VR reduce perceived pain? VR is the ultimate distractor because it: 1. integrates multimodal (visual, auditory, and tactile) sensory distractions 2. requires total attention 3. Requires active emotional involvement 4. Is able to compete with the noxious stimulus
31 Virtual Reality Dr. Sam Sharar/University of Washington) Studies show that VR can be a useful analgesic to increase active ROM and participation Short duration only During early onset of pain
32 Virtual Reality Found to have positive effects on pain reduction with patients who have experienced: Burns Invasive procedures/surgeries Amputations Cancer related pain
33 Virtual Reality - Potential Side Effects Dizziness Emotional discomfort Depressive mood Muscle twitching Simulator sickness
34 Mirror Biofeedback Therapy First introduced on patients with phantom limb pain in Since 2015, MT has been recognized as a treatment that induces changes in the cortical activity of the brain. Also found to be helpful in reducing pain for patients who have been diagnosed with: Spinal cord injury Complex regional pain syndrome CVA hemiparesis
35 How can MT reduce perceived pain? Visual input dominates other somatosensory efferent signals for proprioceptive perception in the brain. In fact, the motor cortex becomes activated even by looking at the movement of another person s extremity. MT causes the brain to recognize the reflected visual feedback as a wellfunctioning limb image, thereby inducing neuro-plasticity of the part of the brain that is in charge of the contralateral body part. Koo et.al (2018)
36 Q&A
37 References: Butler, J., Lewis, R, & Shier, D. (2016). Hole s Human Anatomy & Physiology, fourteenth edition. New York: McGraw Hill Education. Cohen, H. (1999). Neuroscience for Rehabilitation, 2 nd edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Luque-Suarez, A, Martinez-Calderson, J, & Falla, D. (2018). Role of kinesiophobia on pain, disability and quality of life in people suffering from chronic musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review. British Journal of Sports Medicine. April 17. pii: bjsports Dyer, R.M., Gould, B.E. (2011). Pathophysiology for the Health Professionals, fourth edition. St. Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier. Hoffman, HG, Patterson, DR, Soltani, M, Teeley, A, Miller, W, & Sharar, SR. (2009). Virtual reality pain control during physical therapy range of motion exercises for a patient with multiple blunt force trauma injuries. Cyberspsychological Behaviors, Vol. 12(1): Hoffman, HG, Patterson, DR, Seibel, E, Soltani, M, Jewett-Leahy, L, &Sharar, SR. (2008). Virtual reality pain control during burn wound debridement in the hydrotank. The Clinical Journal of Pain. Vol. 24: Ishak, NA, Zahari, Z, & Justine, M. (2017). Kinesiophobia, Pain, Muscle Functions, and Functional Performances among Older Persons with Low Back Pain. Pain Research and Treatment, Volume 2017, Article ID Koo, K, Park, DK, Youm, YS, Cho, SD, & Hwang, CH. (2018). Enhanced Reality Showing Long-Lasting Analgesia after Total Knee Arthroplasty: Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial. Science Republic. Vol. 8: Picavet, S.J., Vlaeyen, J.W. & Schouten, J.S. (2002). Pain Catastrophizing and Kinesiophobia: Predictors of Chronic Low Back Pain. American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 156, Issue 11, 1 December 2002, Pages , Quake-Rapp, C. (2015). Pain Management Interventions: Virtual Reality and Mirror Feedback. Retrieved July 29, 2018 from www. Rives, K.M. (2017). Kinesiotaping Case Studies. Retrieved August 1, 2018 from Netter, F.H. (2006). Atlas of Human Anatomy. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier.
Chapter 14: The Cutaneous Senses
Chapter 14: The Cutaneous Senses Somatosensory System There are three parts Cutaneous senses - perception of touch and pain from stimulation of the skin Proprioception - ability to sense position of the
Basic Brain Structure
The Human Brain Basic Brain Structure Composed of 100 billion cells Makes up 2% of bodies weight Contains 15% of bodies blood supply Uses 20% of bodies oxygen and glucose Brain Protection Surrounded by
The Central Nervous System I. Chapter 12
The Central Nervous System I Chapter 12 The Central Nervous System The Brain and Spinal Cord Contained within the Axial Skeleton Brain Regions and Organization Medical Scheme (4 regions) 1. Cerebral Hemispheres
Parts of the Brain. Hindbrain. Controls autonomic functions Breathing, Heartbeat, Blood pressure, Swallowing, Vomiting, etc. Upper part of hindbrain
Parts of the Brain The human brain is made up of three main parts: 1) Hindbrain (or brainstem) Which is made up of: Myelencephalon Metencephalon 2) Midbrain Which is made up of: Mesencephalon 3) Forebrain
Nervous System: Part IV The Central Nervous System The Brain
Nervous System: Part IV The Central Nervous System The Brain Can you survive when part of your brain is destroyed? 2 Essential Knowledge 3.D.2 2. Cells communicate with each other through direct contact
1. Processes nutrients and provides energy for the neuron to function; contains the cell's nucleus; also called the soma.
1. Base of brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing 2. tissue destruction; a brain lesion is a naturally or experimentally caused destruction of brain tissue 3. A thick band of axons that connects the
The Nervous System 7PART B. PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College
PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College The Nervous System 7PART B What is a reflex? What is a reflex? What is meant by the statement that
THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. The Brain & Spinal Cord
THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM The Brain & Spinal Cord Review: Nervous System Parallel Distributed Processing Composition of the CNS Nuclei: Clusters of neurons in the CNS ( neighborhoods ) Fiber Tracts/Pathways:
Biological Psychology. Unit Two AB Mr. Cline Marshall High School Psychology
Biological Psychology Unit Two AB Mr. Cline Marshall High School Psychology What happens in your nervous system when you react to stimuli? Did you know that the brain is sometimes uninvolved with reflexes?
The Nervous System PART B
7 The Nervous System PART B PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB The Reflex Arc Reflex
For more information about how to cite these materials visit
Author(s): Peter Hitchcock, PH.D., 2009 License: Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike 3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa3.0/
Brain-Behavior Network. Central Nervous System. Cerebral Cortex Gyrus and Sulcus. Nervous System
Brain-Behavior Network Nervous System Sensory information comes into and decisions come out of the central nervous system (CNS) Central Nervous System The nerves outside the CNS are called the peripheral
Overview of Questions
Overview of Questions What are the sensors in the skin, what do they respond to and how is this transmitted to the brain? How does the brain represent touch information? What is the system for sensing
Neural Basis of Motor Control
Neural Basis of Motor Control Central Nervous System Skeletal muscles are controlled by the CNS which consists of the brain and spinal cord. Determines which muscles will contract When How fast To what
BRAIN AND ITS VITAL FUNCTIONS 1 Brain and Its Vital Functions Student s Name Institution Name Professor s Name Course Title BRAIN AND ITS VITAL FUNCTIONS 2 The brain is the integral organism and all its
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology. Seventh Edition. The Nervous System. Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Seventh Edition The Nervous System Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Functions of the Nervous System 1. Sensory input gathering
Biological Bases of the Brain Unit 2, Part 1
Biological Bases of the Brain Unit 2, Part 1 Phineas Gage Phineas Gage was a railroad worker who had an iron bar go into his brain He survived but his personality was changed The Brain Lesion tissue destruction
Functional Neuroanatomy. IBRO ISN African Neuroscience School 4-13 th Dec 2014 Nairobi, Kenya
Functional Neuroanatomy IBRO ISN African Neuroscience School 4-13 th Dec 2014 Nairobi, Kenya What is/are the function(s) of the nervous system? Sensation Perception Visceral activities (Homeostasis) Behavior
3/20/13. :: Slide 1 :: :: Slide 39 :: How Is the Nervous System Organized? Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System and Endocrine System
:: Slide 1 :: :: Slide 39 :: How Is the Nervous System Organized? Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System and Endocrine System The nervous system is organized into several major branches, each
fmri (functional MRI)
Lesion fmri (functional MRI) Electroencephalogram (EEG) Brainstem CT (computed tomography) Scan Medulla PET (positron emission tomography) Scan Reticular Formation MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) Thalamus
b. The groove between the two crests is called 2. The neural folds move toward each other & the fuse to create a
Chapter 13: Brain and Cranial Nerves I. Development of the CNS A. The CNS begins as a flat plate called the B. The process proceeds as: 1. The lateral sides of the become elevated as waves called a. The
Chapter 16: Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems. Copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 16: Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems Sensation n Conscious and subconscious awareness of changes in the external or internal environment. n Components of sensation: Stimulation of the sensory
Lecture - Chapter 13: Central Nervous System
Lecture - Chapter 13: Central Nervous System 1. Describe the following structures of the brain, what is the general function of each: a. Cerebrum b. Diencephalon c. Brain Stem d. Cerebellum 2. What structures
Nervous System C H A P T E R 2
Nervous System C H A P T E R 2 Input Output Neuron 3 Nerve cell Allows information to travel throughout the body to various destinations Receptive Segment Cell Body Dendrites: receive message Myelin sheath
CHAPTER 10 THE SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM
CHAPTER 10 THE SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM 10.1. SOMATOSENSORY MODALITIES "Somatosensory" is really a catch-all term to designate senses other than vision, hearing, balance, taste and smell. Receptors that could
Biocomputer Wired for Action MWABBYH CTBIR LOBES
Biocomputer Wired for Action MWABBYH CTBIR LOBES 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 Biocomputer Wired for Action MWABBYH CTBIR LOBES 100
The Nervous System. Divisions of the Nervous System. Branches of the Autonomic Nervous System. Central versus Peripheral
The Nervous System Divisions of the Nervous System Central versus Peripheral Central Brain and spinal cord Peripheral Everything else Somatic versus Autonomic Somatic Nerves serving conscious sensations
synapse neurotransmitters Extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers, through which messages pass to other neurons, muscles, or glands
neuron synapse The junction between the axon tip of a sending neuron and the dendrite of a receiving neuron Building block of the nervous system; nerve cell Chemical messengers that cross the synaptic
By the end of this lecture the students will be able to:
UNIT VII: PAIN Objectives: By the end of this lecture the students will be able to: Review the concept of somatosensory pathway. Describe the function of Nociceptors in response to pain information. Describe
Chapter 14: Integration of Nervous System Functions I. Sensation.
Chapter 14: Integration of Nervous System Functions I. Sensation A. General Organization 1. General senses have receptors a. The somatic senses provide information about & 1. Somatic senses include: a.
Thalamus and Sensory Functions of Cerebral Cortex
Thalamus and Sensory Functions of Cerebral Cortex I: To describe the functional divisions of thalamus. II: To state the functions of thalamus and the thalamic syndrome. III: To define the somatic sensory
Nervous System. 1. What N.S. division controls skeletal muscles? 3. What kind of neuroglia myelinates axons in the PNS?
. What N.S. division controls skeletal muscles? Nervous System SRS Review %. Central nervous system %. Peripheral nervous system %. Afferent division %. Somatic division %. Autonomic division %. Sympathetic
The Nervous System and the Endocrine System
The Nervous System and the Endocrine System Neurons: The Building Blocks of the Nervous System Nervous System The electrochemical communication system of the body Sends messages from the brain to the
Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System
15 Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Jason LaPres Lone Star College North Harris An Introduction to Sensory Pathways and
biological psychology, p. 40 The study of the nervous system, especially the brain. neuroscience, p. 40
biological psychology, p. 40 The specialized branch of psychology that studies the relationship between behavior and bodily processes and system; also called biopsychology or psychobiology. neuroscience,
Primary Functions. Monitor changes. Integrate input. Initiate a response. External / internal. Process, interpret, make decisions, store information
NERVOUS SYSTEM Monitor changes External / internal Integrate input Primary Functions Process, interpret, make decisions, store information Initiate a response E.g., movement, hormone release, stimulate/inhibit
TABLE OF CONTINENTS. PSYC1002 Notes. Neuroscience.2. Cognitive Processes Learning and Motivation. 37. Perception Mental Abilities..
TABLE OF CONTINENTS Neuroscience.2 Cognitive Processes...21 Learning and Motivation. 37 Perception.....54 Mental Abilities.. 83 Abnormal Psychology....103 1 Topic 1: Neuroscience Outline 1. Gross anatomy
Brain and behaviour (Wk 6 + 7)
Brain and behaviour (Wk 6 + 7) What is a neuron? What is the cell body? What is the axon? The basic building block of the nervous system, the individual nerve cell that receives, processes and transmits
THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTE M
THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTE M Structure and Functio n THIRD EDITIO N PER BRODAL A Brief Survey, x i Studying the Structures and Function of the Nervous System, xii i Animal Experiments Crucial for Progress,
What is Pain? An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Pain is always subjective
Pain & Acupuncture What is Pain? An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. NOCICEPTION( the neural processes of encoding and processing noxious stimuli.)
LEC 1B ANATOMY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. Cogs 17 * UCSD
LEC 1B ANATOMY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Cogs 17 * UCSD Cerebral Cortex A 6-layer sheet of cells, unfolded = < 1 m square X 3 mm thick Cortex 6 layers of cells Nissl Stain for Cell Bodies Info projected to
The Frontal Lobes. Anatomy of the Frontal Lobes. Anatomy of the Frontal Lobes 3/2/2011. Portrait: Losing Frontal-Lobe Functions. Readings: KW Ch.
The Frontal Lobes Readings: KW Ch. 16 Portrait: Losing Frontal-Lobe Functions E.L. Highly organized college professor Became disorganized, showed little emotion, and began to miss deadlines Scores on intelligence
Forebrain Brain Structures Limbic System. Brain Stem Midbrain Basil Ganglia. Cerebellum Reticular Formation Medulla oblongata
Brain structures (1) Cut out the following cards (2) Identify the three major divisions of the brain (as defined by your book). Initially, try this without any form of aid such as your textbook. (3) Organize
Sensory Pathways & Somatic Nervous System. Chapter 15
Sensory Pathways & Somatic Nervous System Chapter 15 How Does Brain Differentiate Sensations? Pain impulses make brain aware of injuries and infections. Impulses from eye, ear, nose and tongue make brain
Peripheral Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System 1 Sensory Receptors Sensory Receptors and Sensation Respond to changes (stimuli) in the environment Generate graded potentials that can trigger an action potential that is carried
Course Calendar
Clinical Neuroscience BMS 6706C Charles, Ph.D., Course Director charles.ouimet@med.fsu.edu (850) 644-2271 2004 2005 Course Calendar Click here to return to the syllabus Meeting Hours for entire semester:
CNS Tour (Lecture 12)
A. Introduction CNS Tour (Lecture 12) There are to a chemical pathways in the nervous system. These pathways also form different neurological structures B. Spinal Cord Receives sensory neurons from skin
Pathways of proprioception
The Autonomic Nervous Assess Prof. Fawzia Al-Rouq Department of Physiology College of Medicine King Saud University Pathways of proprioception System posterior column& Spinocerebellar Pathways https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pmeropok6v8
Homework Week 2. PreLab 2 HW #2 Synapses (Page 1 in the HW Section)
Homework Week 2 Due in Lab PreLab 2 HW #2 Synapses (Page 1 in the HW Section) Reminders No class next Monday Quiz 1 is @ 5:30pm on Tuesday, 1/22/13 Study guide posted under Study Aids section of website
CHAPTER 16 LECTURE OUTLINE
CHAPTER 16 LECTURE OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION A. The components of the brain interact to receive sensory input, integrate and store the information, and transmit motor responses. B. To accomplish the primary
PAIN MANAGEMENT & VIRTUAL REALITY
PAIN MANAGEMENT & VIRTUAL REALITY Naileshni Singh, MD Director of Education Associate Professor University of California, Davis 11/4/17 DISCLOSURES No relevant financial disclosures Discussion of off label
Introduction to the Nervous System. Code: HMP 100/ UPC 103/ VNP 100. Course: Medical Physiology. Level 1 MBChB/BDS/BPharm
Introduction to the Nervous System. Code: HMP 100/ UPC 103/ VNP 100. Course: Medical Physiology Level 1 MBChB/BDS/BPharm Lecture 2. Functional Organisation of the Nervous System Lecture Outline 1.1 Introduction
Sensory Processing Disorder
Disorder 101 Ingrid M. Kanics Kanics Inclusive Design Services, LLC imkanics@mindspring.com Sensory Integration Sensory Regulation Disorder Background: A. Jean Ayres, Occupational Therapist Neuroscience
Biology 218 Human Anatomy
Chapter 21 Adapted form Tortora 10 th ed. LECTURE OUTLINE A. Overview of Sensations (p. 652) 1. Sensation is the conscious or subconscious awareness of external or internal stimuli. 2. For a sensation
Unit 3: The Biological Bases of Behaviour
Unit 3: The Biological Bases of Behaviour Section 1: Communication in the Nervous System Section 2: Organization in the Nervous System Section 3: Researching the Brain Section 4: The Brain Section 5: Cerebral
Central Nervous System (CNS) -> brain and spinal cord. Major Divisions of the nervous system:
Central Nervous System (CNS) -> brain and spinal cord Major Divisions of the nervous system: Afferent (sensory input) -> cell bodies outside of the central nervous system (CNS), carry info into the CNS
Clinical Learning Exercise #1
Clinical Learning Exercise #1 Exercise: We are going to assume nothing is wrong with the peripheral nervous system and attempt to identify the central nervous system anatomical location for the following
Composed of gray matter and arranged in raised ridges (gyri), grooves (sulci), depressions (fissures).
PSYC1020 Neuro and Pysc Notes Structure Description Major Functions Brainstem Stemlike portion of the brain, continuous with diencephalon above and spinal cord below. Composed of midbrain, pons, medulla
Making Things Happen: Simple Motor Control
Making Things Happen: Simple Motor Control How Your Brain Works - Week 10 Prof. Jan Schnupp wschnupp@cityu.edu.hk HowYourBrainWorks.net The Story So Far In the first few lectures we introduced you to some
Human Nervous System
Human Nervous System A network of interconnected parts that controls behavior & connects us to the world Central Nervous System consists of the brain and spinal cord Peripheral Nervous System consists
The Nervous System. Biological School. Neuroanatomy. How does a Neuron fire? Acetylcholine (ACH) TYPES OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS
Biological School The Nervous System It is all about the body!!!! It starts with an individual nerve cell called a NEURON. Synapse Neuroanatomy Neurotransmitters (chemicals held in terminal buttons that
Acetylcholine (ACh) Action potential. Agonists. Drugs that enhance the actions of neurotransmitters.
Acetylcholine (ACh) The neurotransmitter responsible for motor control at the junction between nerves and muscles; also involved in mental processes such as learning, memory, sleeping, and dreaming. (See
Page 1. Neurons Transmit Signal via Action Potentials: neuron At rest, neurons maintain an electrical difference across
Chapter 33: The Nervous System and the Senses Neurons: Specialized excitable cells that allow for communication throughout the body via electrical impulses Neuron Anatomy / Function: 1) Dendrites: Receive
Motor Functions of Cerebral Cortex
Motor Functions of Cerebral Cortex I: To list the functions of different cortical laminae II: To describe the four motor areas of the cerebral cortex. III: To discuss the functions and dysfunctions of
Taken From The Brain Top to Bottom //
Taken From The Brain Top to Bottom // http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/d/d_03/d_03_cl/d_03_cl_que/d_03_cl_que.html THE EVOLUTIONARY LAYERS OF THE HUMAN BRAIN The first time you observe the anatomy of the
49a A&P: Nervous System -! Synaptic Transmission and Central Nervous System
49a A&P: Nervous System -! Synaptic Transmission and Central Nervous System 49a A&P: Nervous System -! Synaptic Transmission and Central Nervous System! Class Outline" 5 minutes" "Attendance, Breath of
BRAIN PART I (A & B): VENTRICLES & MENINGES
BRAIN PART I (A & B): VENTRICLES & MENINGES Cranial Meninges Cranial meninges are continuous with spinal meninges Dura mater: inner layer (meningeal layer) outer layer (endosteal layer) fused to periosteum
Neocortex. Hemispheres 9/22/2010. Psychology 472 Pharmacology of Psychoactive Drugs. Structures are divided into several section or lobes.
Neocortex Psychology 472 Pharmacology of Psychoactive Drugs 1 Is the most developed in Humans Has many folds and fissures The folds of tissue are called gyri or a gyrus (single) The fissures or valleys
Prof. Greg Francis 5/23/08
Brain parts The brain IIE 269: Cognitive Psychology Greg Francis Lecture 02 The source of cognition (consider transplant!) Weighs about 3 pounds Damage to some parts result in immediate death or disability
Brainstem. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Brainstem Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Course News Change in Lab Sequence Week of Oct 2 Lab 5 Week of Oct 9 Lab 4 2 Goal Today Know the regions of the brainstem. Know
Biology 3201 Nervous System #2- Anatomy. Components of a Nervous System
Biology 3201 Nervous System #2- Anatomy Components of a Nervous System In any nervous system, there are 4 main components: (1) sensors: gather information from the external environment (sense organs) (2)
Systems Neuroscience Dan Kiper. Today: Wolfger von der Behrens
Systems Neuroscience Dan Kiper Today: Wolfger von der Behrens wolfger@ini.ethz.ch 18.9.2018 Neurons Pyramidal neuron by Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852-1934, Nobel prize with Camillo Golgi in 1906) Neurons
Central Nervous System. January 7, 2016
Central Nervous System January 7, 2016 Anatomy of a neuron Cell Body (soma) Receives information from the soma s extensions (dendrites) Passes on information away from the soma towards extensions (axons)
Central Nervous System
Central Nervous System January 7, 2016 Anatomy of a neuron Cell Body (soma) Receives information from the soma s extensions (dendrites) Passes on information away from the soma towards extensions (axons)
P. Hitchcock, Ph.D. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Kellogg Eye Center. Wednesday, 16 March 2009, 1:00p.m. 2:00p.m.
Normal CNS, Special Senses, Head and Neck TOPIC: CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES FACULTY: LECTURE: READING: P. Hitchcock, Ph.D. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Kellogg Eye Center Wednesday, 16 March
Cerebral Cortex 1. Sarah Heilbronner
Cerebral Cortex 1 Sarah Heilbronner heilb028@umn.edu Want to meet? Coffee hour 10-11am Tuesday 11/27 Surdyk s Overview and organization of the cerebral cortex What is the cerebral cortex? Where is each
Neuropathic pain, pain matrix dysfunction, and pain syndromes
Neuropathic pain, pain matrix dysfunction, and pain syndromes MSTN121 - Neurophysiology Session 3 Department of Myotherapy Session objectives Describe the mechanism of nociceptive chronic pain. Define
Brain Structures. Some scientists divide the brain up into three parts. Hindbrain Midbrain Forebrain
The Brain Phineas Gage Play The Frontal Lobes and Behavior: The Story of Phineas Gage (12:03) Module #25 from The Brain: Teaching Modules (2 nd edition). http://www.learner.org/resources/series1 42.html
Our senses provide us with wonderful capabilities. If you had to lose one, which would it be?
Our senses provide us with wonderful capabilities. If you had to lose one, which would it be? Neurological disorders take away sensation without a choice! http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s2/chapter04.html
Myers Psychology for AP*
Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010 *AP is a trademark registered and/or owned by the College Board, which
Overview of Brain Structures
First Overview of Brain Structures Psychology 470 Introduction to Chemical Additions Steven E. Meier, Ph.D. All parts are interrelated. You need all parts to function normally. Neurons = Nerve cells Listen
The Human Brain. I Think Therefore I am
The Human Brain I Think Therefore I am The Beginning The simplest creatures have very simple nervous systems made up of nothing but a bunch of nerve cells They have neural nets, individual neurons linked
Stanmore Therapy Service Approach to Management of Phantom Pain in the Post-operative Phase
Stanmore Therapy Service Approach to Management of Phantom Pain in the Post-operative Phase Jennifer Fulton Physiotherapy Clinical Specialist in Amputee Rehabilitation PHANTOM LIMB PHENOMENON Truly it
Dendrites Receive impulse from the axon of other neurons through synaptic connection. Conduct impulse towards the cell body Axon
Dendrites Receive impulse from the axon of other neurons through synaptic connection. Conduct impulse towards the cell body Axon Page 22 of 237 Conduct impulses away from cell body Impulses arise from
Central Nervous System
Anatomy of a neuron Cell Body (soma) Receives information from the soma s extensions (dendrites) Central Nervous System January 7, 2016 Passes on information away from the soma towards extensions (axons)
10/3/2016. T1 Anatomical structures are clearly identified, white matter (which has a high fat content) appears bright.
H2O -2 atoms of Hydrogen, 1 of Oxygen Hydrogen just has one single proton and orbited by one single electron Proton has a magnetic moment similar to the earths magnetic pole Also similar to earth in that
PAIN MANAGEMENT in the CANINE PATIENT
PAIN MANAGEMENT in the CANINE PATIENT Laurie Edge-Hughes, BScPT, MAnimSt (Animal Physio), CAFCI, CCRT Part 1: Laurie Edge-Hughes, BScPT, MAnimSt (Animal Physio), CAFCI, CCRT 1 Pain is the most common reason
Sincerely, Ms. Paoloni and Mrs. Whitney
Dear Students, Welcome to AP Psychology! We will begin our course of study focusing on the nervous system with a particular emphasis on how the brain and neurotransmitters influence our behaviors. In preparation
Somatosensory System. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Somatosensory System Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Course News Dr. Riedl s review session this week: Tuesday (Oct 10) 4-5pm in MCB 3-146B 2 Sensory Systems Sensory
Anatomy & Physiology Central Nervous System Worksheet
1. What are the two parts of the CNS? 2. What are the four functions of the CNS Anatomy & Physiology Central Nervous System Worksheet 3. What are the four functions of the meninges? (p430) 4. Starting
SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEMS: Pain and Temperature Kimberle Jacobs, Ph.D.
SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEMS: Pain and Temperature Kimberle Jacobs, Ph.D. Sensory systems are afferent, meaning that they are carrying information from the periphery TOWARD the central nervous system. The somatosensory
Human Paleoneurology and the Evolution of the Parietal Cortex
PARIETAL LOBE The Parietal Lobes develop at about the age of 5 years. They function to give the individual perspective and to help them understand space, touch, and volume. The location of the parietal
Topic/Objective: Identify the structures and functions of
Cornell Notes Textbook Diagrams Video notes Topic/Objective: Identify the structures and functions of the human nervous system. Name: Class/Period: Date: Essential Question: How does the nervous system
*Anteriolateral spinothalamic tract (STT) : a sensory pathway that is positioned anteriorly and laterally in the spinal cord.
*somatic sensations : PAIN *Anteriolateral spinothalamic tract (STT) : a sensory pathway that is positioned anteriorly and laterally in the spinal cord. *This pathway carries a variety of sensory modalities:
Chapter 14, Part 2! Chapter 14 Part 2 Brain/Cranial Nerves! The Cerebrum and Cranial Nerves! pp !
Chapter 14, Part 2! The Cerebrum and Cranial pp. 482 505! SECTION 14-9! The cerebrum, the largest region of the brain, contains motor, sensory, and association areas! 2! White Matter of the Cerebrum! 1.
STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE BRAIN The central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord, receives input from sensory neurons and directs
CISC 3250 Systems Neuroscience
CISC 3250 Systems Neuroscience Levels of organization Central Nervous System 1m 10 11 neurons Neural systems and neuroanatomy Systems 10cm Networks 1mm Neurons 100μm 10 8 neurons Professor Daniel Leeds
1. NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. FUNCTION The major function of the nervous system can be summarized as follows (Figure 1-1).
1. NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTION The major function of the nervous system can be summarized as follows (Figure 1-1). Sensory input. Multiple signals from both, internal and external environment are detected
Receptors and Neurotransmitters: It Sounds Greek to Me. Agenda. What We Know About Pain 9/7/2012
Receptors and Neurotransmitters: It Sounds Greek to Me Cathy Carlson, PhD, RN Northern Illinois University Agenda We will be going through this lecture on basic pain physiology using analogies, mnemonics,
Chapter 14, Part 2! The Cerebrum and Cranial Nerves! pp !
Chapter 14, Part 2! The Cerebrum and Cranial pp. 482 505! SECTION 14-9! The cerebrum, the largest region of the brain, contains motor, sensory, and association areas! 2! 1! ! Chapter 14 Part 2 Brain/Cranial