Index. C Colony-forming unit fibroblast (CFU-F), 221 Cre-ER-loxP system, 56 Cysteine cathepsin, 43

Transcription

1 A Amalgam, 173, 177, 179 Angiogenesis angiopoietins, 63 angiostatin, 63 complex process, 63 definition, 63 dental pulp responses, 238 fibroblast growth factor, 63 intussusceptive/non-sprouting, 64 microenvironment dentin and pulp fibroblasts, endothelial cells, 69 regulation, 67, 68 perlecan, 64 platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), 63 pro-and anti-angiogenic signals, 63 for pulp regeneration, 208 sprouting, 63 wound healing process, 63 Angiopoietins, 63 Angiostatin, 63, 69 B Bisphenol A (BPA) adverse effects brain development, 187 obesity, 187 ovarian primordial follicle pool size, 187 spermatogenesis cell apoptosis, 187 type 2 diabetes, 187 in blood samples, 186 in dental materials methyl methacrylate vs. dimethacrylate monomer, 187 TEGDMA, 188 genetic and cellular toxicology, dental resin monomers, low concentrations, no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL), 185 precancerous and cancerous effects, 187 saliva, 186 sweat, 186 toxicogenomics and adverse health effects, 186 urinary, 186 BMP-1/Tolloid-like metalloproteinases, 41 Bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs), 54, 55, 210, 220, 222 Bone sialoprotein (BSP), 27, 28, 41, 42, 118, , 151, 261 C Colony-forming unit fibroblast (CFU-F), 221 Cre-ER-loxP system, 56 Cysteine cathepsin, 43 D Dental fluorosis, Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), 237 ABCG2 protein, 221 CFU-F, 221 clonogenicity, 221 dentinogenesis, 54 GDNF, 240 interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), multipotency, 221 neuropeptides, 240 noxious stimuli responses, NRP1, 241 pulp regeneration, self-renewal, 221 STRO-1 protein, 221 vasculogenesis, 239 Dentin defects amelogenin, 163 anhidrosis, 162 animal models, 163 bone dysplasia and collagens Ehlers-Danlos syndromes, 159 osteogenesis imperfecta, dentin dysplasia pulp defects, 158 SMOC2, type II/coronal dentin dysplasia, 157 type I/radicular dentin dysplasia, 157 dentinogenesis imperfecta type II, type III, 157 M. Goldberg (ed.), The Dental Pulp, DOI / , Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

2 278 Dentin defects (cont.) Elsahy-Waters branchio skeleto-genital syndrome, 161 enamel renal syndrome, 163 Goldblatt syndrome, 161 heritable, 155, 156 immunoosseous dysplasia, Schimke type, 162 ion channels and transporters, 162 Jalili syndrome, 163 Kenny-Caffey syndrome, 162 lipids dentinogenesis, 162 microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism, type I, 162 rickets-related diseases hypophosphatasia, hypophosphatemic rickets, trichodentoosseus syndrome, 163 Dentin dysplasia pulp defects, 158 SMOC2, type II/coronal dentin dysplasia, 157 type I/radicular dentin dysplasia, 157 Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1), 41 Dentinogenesis dental pulp progenitor odontoblast-like cells, 54 primary dentin, 53 reactionary dentin, 53 secondary dentin, 53 tertiary dentin, 53 differentiation, 47, 48 DMP1, 41 epithelial-mesenchymal interface, 47 functional/secretory odontoblasts, 47 lineage progression Col1a1 promoter, 49, 52 DMP1-GFP transgene, 51, 54 Dspp-Cerulean transgenic mice, 49 GFP, hematology, 48 pobcol2.3gfp transgenic mice, 49, 51 postmitotic cells, 49, 53 non-collagenous proteins (NCP), 47 postmitotic odontoblasts, 16 reactionary and reparative, 100 stem cells animal models, 55 BMSCs, 54 DPSCs and SHED, 54 injury model, 55 label-retaining cells, 56 MSCs, 54, 55 odontoblast progenitors differentiation, 19 parabiosis model, 58 pulp exposure, 55 in vivo lineage tracing, tertiary, vasculature, 64 Dentinogenesis imperfecta, Dentin-pulp complex, 3 Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), E ECM. See Extracellular matrix EFAD. See Essential fatty acid-deficient diet Ehlers-Danlos syndromes, 159 Elsahy-Waters branchio skeleto-genital syndrome, 161 Embryonic stem cells (ECSs), 219 Enamel fluorosis, 191 Enamel renal syndrome, 156, 163 Essential fatty acid-deficient diet (EFAD), 20, 233 Extracellular matrix (ECM) chemotactants, components, 36, 37 cysteine cathepsin, 43 FGF2, 43 fibroblast-like cells, 36 hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), 43 3H-proline-labeled collagens, 43 IL-1beta, 43 mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), 36 non-collagenous proteins non-phosphorylated proteins, 41 phosphorylated proteins, odontoblasts (OD), 35, 36 osteoadherin (OSAD), 42 pulp-odontoblast interface, 39 pulp zones separation, 36, 38 SLRPs, structural proteins, 40 type III collagen, type V collagen, 39 versican, 42 F Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), 43, 63, 66 70, 209, 255, 257, 260 Fibromodulin (Fmod), 42, 47 Fibronectin (FN), 27, 36, 40, 43, 64, 151, 211, 223, 257 Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), 48, 49, 51, 220 Fluoride clinical significance dentin fluorosis, hidden caries, 196 dental fluorosis, in dental pulp, 195 dentin phosphoprotein (DPP) diagrammatic model, 194 lightly mineralized layer (LL), phosphate content, 193 extracellular matrix properties alteration, hypomineralization, 192 G Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), 77, 80, 88, 208, 240 Goldblatt syndrome, 161 Gustafson's method, 116

3 279 H Heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) binding, 5, 6 Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), 43 Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs), 25 Hypophosphatasia, Hypophosphatemic rickets, I Induced pluripotent stem cells (ipscs), 219 Infl ammatory processes bacterial metabolites, 98 bacterial pathogenic challenges, 98 carious infection, 98, 99 cell membrane degradation, 98 cellular and molecular basis, 98 host's immune response, 97 impact of, 97 innate and adaptive immune responses anti-inflammatory activities and inflammation resolution, bacterial pathogen recognition, cellular and molecular events, 100 cytokine and chemokine mediation, dentin-pulp after injury, early vascular responses, immune cell mediation, leukocyte recruitment, 102 odontoblasts and pulp cells, 100 p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, 99 proteomic analysis, dentin, 98 tertiary dentinogenesis, traumatic injury, 98 Inner enamel epithelium (IEE) cells, 35 Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), 43 J Jalili syndrome, 163 K Kenny-Caffey syndrome, 162 L Lipoxins, 104 Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (Lef1), 43, 149 M Material-related pulp reactions cavity/crown preparation, dental materials/substances amalgam, 177 calcium hydroxide products, 178 glass ionomer cements, 178 resin-based composites/adhesives, tricalcium silicate cements, 178 zinc oxide and eugenol cements, zinc phosphate cements, 178 pulp biocompatibility testing, pulp damage bacterial penetration, 171, 172 dentinal liquor, 171 fl uid displacement, 172 heat, reaction patterns apoptosis, 177 exposed TGF-β1, gold labeling, 176 irritations, odontoblasts loss, 176 pulpal inflammation, 176 residual dentin dentinal sclerosis, 173 permeability, 172, 173 smear layer, 173 tubule diameter, 173 symptoms pain, 170 tooth discoloration, 170 Matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE), 41, 42, 47, 151, 160, 261, 271 Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) aging of, 118 CD105/endoglin, 208 CD31-negative, 71 complete pulp regeneration, 210 immunomodulatory effects, 106 pulp isolation, 36 reparative dentinogenesis, 100 SHED differentiation, 54 N Nonresident pulp cells, 27 O Odontoblasts cell density, 115 cytoskeletal proteins, 16 dentin extracellular matrix, 17, 18 dentin matrix secretion, 100 dentinogenesis, 16 and dentinogenesis, dentino-pulpal complex, 13 endoplasmic reticulum (RER), 16 extracellular matrix and cell differentiation, fibronectin (FN), 40 heat shock protein (HSP)-25, 118 Hoehl s cells, 13 immune defense mechanisms, innervation, 31 lysosomes and autophagic vacuoles, 17 microvasculature, neural crests, 13 outer dentin layer(s) formation, 19 PAMP recognition, 102 periphery, 13, 16, 19

4 280 Odontoblasts (cont.) pre-ameloblast differentiation, 7 pre-odontoblasts, primary dentinogenesis, 19 reactionary (or tertiary) dentin, 19 secondary dentin, 19 secretory, 36 stromal fibroblasts/pulpoblasts (see Stromal fibroblasts/pulpoblasts) subodontoblastic layer/hoehl's cell layer, 19 Odontogenesis basement membrane (BM), 5 bell stage, 7, 8 bud stage, 5, 6 cap stage, 5 7 deciduous teeth, 8 dental placodes, 5 dentin-pulp complex, 3 epithelium bands, 5 homeocode, 4 homeotic genes, 4 micrornas (mirnas), 4 molecular signals, 4 morphogenesis, 4 neural crest cells (NCC), 3 4 spatiotemporal control, 8 Osteoadherin (OSAD), 42 Osteocalcin mrna (OCN), 41 Osteogenesis imperfecta, Osteonectin (ONEC), 41 Osteopontin, 41 P Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), 29 Proliferating cell Early nuclear antigen (PCNA), 8, 9 Pulp aging, fibrosis and calcospherites age determination, apoptosis, 118 cell density, dentin formation of roots, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), 118 noncollagenous proteins, 114 odontometric changes, 114 primary dentin formation, 113 secondary dentin formation, 113 stones/ calcification, tertiary dentin, 113 tubular orthodentin formation, 114 Pulpal dendritic cells (DCs), 28 Pulp-capping agents, 107 Pulp cells extracellular matrix molecules remodeling, 13 14, 16, 17 Hoehl's cell layer, 13, 16 odontoblasts (see Odontoblasts) postmitotic secretory odontoblasts, 13, 15 rodent mandibular molar, 13, 14 wild-type molar, 13, 15 Pulp development. See Odontogenesis Pulp inflammation, caries progression clinical exposure, deep carious lesions, diagnosis, 126 enamel-dentinal lesion complex, extreme deep carious, , infected and degraded dentinal tissue, 132 irreversible, 126, 132, 133, methodology, necrosis and degeneration, 135, 136 noninvasive estimation, 126 pathology, 127 reversibilis, 126 stages of carious dentine, 129 treatment, 136 Pulp mineralization cell mediators ameloblastin, 151 bone morphogenetic proteins, bone sialoprotein (BSP), 151 cell mediators, cells implicated in, 147 connective tissue growth factor, 150 fi broblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), 150 glypican-1 (GPC-1), 150 insulin-like growth factor-1 (rhigf-1), 150 lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (Lef1), 149 tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), collagens, 151 dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1), 151 dentin phosphophoryn (DPP), 151 dentonin, 151 fi bronectin, 151 Pulp regeneration ectopic approach, elderly patients, 213 orthotopic model DPSC subfractions, partial pulp regeneration, preclinical trial, pulp stem/progenitor cells, with periapical disease, 213 revitalization/ revascularization, immature teeth, 204 tissue stem cells, 214 R Reactionary dentin atubular, 141, 142 BSP and OPN, cavity preparation, 141, 143 demineralized mandibular molar, 141, 142 DMP-1 and DSP, 146 ECM molecules metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), 146 odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein (ODAM), 146

5 281 regenerative endodontics, 267, 271 schematic diagram, 141 Regenerative endodontics A+4 implantation, 267, 270 anti-dentin sialoprotein labeling, 267, 269 bone sialoprotein (BSP), 267, dentin-pulp complex regeneration, osteoblasts/odontoblasts differentiation, 267, 268 reactionary dentin, 267, 271 regeneration/repair and remodeling, root canal revascularization, Regenerative medicine definition, 237 dental pulp stem cells (DPSC), 237 GDNF, 240 interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), neuropeptides, 240 noxious stimuli responses, NRP1, 241 vasculogenesis, 239 strategies for cell-based approaches, cell-free approaches, Reparative dentin cavity preparation with pulp exposure, 145 without pulp exposure, osteodentin, 143, 144 pulp mineralization (see Pulp mineralization) in vivo experimental cell implantation anesthesia, 225 cavity drilling, 225 chemotaxis, 232 first column PCNA, 228, 229 glass ionomer cement, 227 hematoxylin/eosin, LRAP-loaded beads, 228, 231 in molar, mouse incisor, 224 PCNA labeling, pulp perforation, 225 S Scaffold-based tissue engineering concepts biomaterials for, 252, 253 dental pulp tissue engineering biomaterials, 254, 255 cell-based vs. cell-free approaches, desirable properties biodegradability, 259 biomineralization, 261 cell-matrix interactions, contamination control, viscoelastic properties, growth and differentiation factors, requirements for, Small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoprotein family (SIBLING), Small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs), Stem cells adult postnatal stem cells BMSSCs, 222 DPSC/SHED, 222 origin of, from periodontal tissues, SCAP, 222 DPSCs ABCG2 protein, 221 CFU-F, 221 clonogenicity, 221 multipotency, 221 self-renewal, 221 STRO-1 protein, 221 ECSs, 219 ipscs, 219 markers, 220 niches of, postnatal/adult stem cells (ASCs), 219 reparative dentin (see Reparative dentin) Stromal fibroblasts/pulpoblasts intracellular proteins apoptosis, 23 BMP-2-induced odontoblastic, 24 connexin 43, 24 ECM lipids endocytosis, fi brillar collagen, 24, 26 HDACIs, mesenchymal cells, 25 mineralization, 26 nestin, 24 nonresident, 27 α-smooth muscle actin, 24 stromal pulp fibroblasts, 23 tenascin C, 26 resident cells A4 cells, BMP-2 treatment, 20 EFAD, 20 fusiform cells, 20 heterogeneous cell population, 20, 22 histiocyte/ macrophage, 20, 22 multipotent and unipotent progenitors, 22 nonresident cells, 20 stem cells, 20, 21 T Tenascin (TN), 41 Tooth pulp innervation aging of pulpal nerves, 88 air puffs and water spray, 86 autonomic nerves, 85 86

6 282 Tooth pulp innervation (cont.) development extracellular matrix (ECM), 76 glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), 77 intradental axons, 77 laminin integrin receptors, nerve growth factor (NGF), 77 reelin receptors, 77 Sema3A, 76 trigeminal ganglion (TG) nerve, 76 neuropeptides, pulpal afferents calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), immunomodulatory mechanisms, 82 neuropeptide Y (NPY), 83 somatostatin, 80 substance P, 80, 82, 83 vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), 80 neuroplasticity, neurotrophins/receptors, 88 odontoblast, pulpal axons structure, sensory tooth pulp nerves, sodium and potassium channels, TRP channels, Trichodentoosseus syndrome, 163 Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), TUNEL method, 23 V Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), 62, 63, 66 70, 188, 208, 210, 239 Vascularization angiogenesis (see Angiogenesis) anti-angiogenic factors, 69 capillary network, development and establishment, 64 endothelial and pulp fibroblasts, 67, 68 hypoxia, inextensible environment, 61, 62 neo-angiogenesis, 65 neural control, blood flow, 65 properties, stem cells endothelial cells, 70 exfoliated deciduous teeth, 70 trophic angiogenic action, VEGF, 70 tissue regeneration, 70 Vasculogenesis, 239 Versican, 42