ESTIMATION OF BIOCOMPOUNDS IN PLANT ROOTS

Transcription

1 Volume 119 No , ISSN: (on-line version) url: ijpam.eu ESTIMATION OF BIOCOMPOUNDS IN PLANT ROOTS ABSTRACT Dr.Rajasulochana P 1, Jayalakshmi.T 2 Associate Professor, 2 Assistant Professor Dept. of Genetic Engineering BIHER, BIST, Bharath University Chennai rajasulochanap.gen@bharathuniv.ac.in The root of Combretumindicum is known for cure rheumatism in Ayurvedic literature. But there is no detailed study on identification of active ingredients present in the root of this plant. The medicinal plant contains and is well-known health activities, it is important to characterise in Combretumindicum. General phytochemical screening of the root part of Combretumindicum revealed the presence of alkaloids, polyphenols, fatty acids, carbohydrates. The aim of this study is to be identifying the bioactive compounds from the root sample of the plant. It has wide fold medicinal use. For identification of organic compounds from the crude extract, the dried root powder of Combretumindicum was subjected to ¹H NMR. The ¹H NMR spectra of root extract showed the various compounds are found in root part of the plant. The study of isolation, characterization, in-vivo and invitro is to be further evolved in future. KEYWORDS:Rheumatism;Combretumindicum; Phytochemical screening; 1 H NMR INTRODUCTION The plants have various medicinal properties and preparations of organic compounds present is used to be treating infectious diseases in long time practice of ancient days in India. The plant[1-6] Combretumindicum possesses many medicinal properties such as anti-microbial activity, anti-helmintic, anti-oxidant, anti-viral, anti-fungal, enzymatic assay, cytotoxicity effects. Combretumindicum is a vigorous, fast growing, climbing shrub growing upto 8 metres tall. The branched stem can grow up to 20 metres long in tropical climates. The Combretumindicum is popularly called as Rangoon creeper. It has various traditional medicine activities and is often grown in house as an ornamental hedge in various parts of the world. [7-11]This plant is widely is widely cultivated in tropics, subtropics and sometimes in warm temperature zone. Also it has beautiful flowers with fragrant smelling which becomes pink with age increases of the plant. The fruits of this plant are anti-helmintic property, used to treat Ascariasis. In large doses they cause nausea, vomiting, hiccough and even unconsciousness. A decoction of the fruit is used as a vermifuge. The fruits are used to alleviate nephritis. A concentrated decoction of the fruit is used as a gargle that is effective against tooth ache. 3729

2 The seeds are also had anti-helmintic properties. [12-14]A decoction of the seeds is given to children to stop diarrhoea. The seed, macerated in oil, are applied to parasitic skin diseases, boils or sores on children s faces and decoction of root is used to treat rheumatism.the juice of the leaves in considered a remedy for boils and ulcers and the leaves are applied to the head to relieve ache caused by jungle fever. The plants are eaten daily by men and women as a method of birth control. Chemical compounds found in the plant 1. Leaves rutin and pelargonidin-3-glucoside, Quisqualic acid, Trigonelline, L-proline and L-asparagine 2. Flowers rutin and pelargonidin-3-glucoside, Quisqualic acid, Trigonelline, L-proline and L-asparagine 3. Seeds arachidic, linoleic, oleic, palmitic and stearic acids, 1,2,4- oxadiazolidin-3,5-dione derivative, myristic acid 4. Stem diphenylpropanoids were isolated, as well as kaempferol and further the triterpenoidsarjunolic acid, 23,24- dihydrocucurbitacin F and 25-O-acetyl-23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin F 5. Fruit α-xylofuranosyluracil and the triterpenoidsclerosterol, Betulinic acid and methylursolate 6. Root Details are not exist clearly Medicinal uses Decoction of the plant fruit is drunk to expel intestinal worms and to stop diarrhea. The juice from the leaves is used to heal boils and ulcers and to treat ringworm infection and fever. The roots are used to relieve cough and hiccups. This plant is used to treat hyperlipidemia, bronchial asthma, abdominal distension, intestinal Ascariasis, dandruff. The plant C. Indicum is used to promoting growth of wild boar/domestic pig hybrid and it s also used to prevent downy mildew of blackberry. [15-19]The root of this plant is used to treat rheumatism. Pharmacological studies of Combretumindicum This review part reveals the literature search that Combretumindicum has been explored for its various pharmacological activities. Anti-bacterial activity The crude flower extract of the plant Combretumindicum showed remarkable anti-bacterial activity against two gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species) as well as two gram negative [20-24](Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium). The diphenylpropanoids isolated from the leafy stem showed anti-bacterial activity to Multi Resistant Methicillin Resistant Strains. Enzyme inhibitory assay Pharmacological investigation of the chloroform fraction of a hot aqueous water extract showed that this fraction inhibits Cyclic Amp phosphodiestrase by about 80%. A methanolic flower extract inhibited acetylcholinestrase in vitro studies. 3730

3 Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity A methanolic extract of the leaves of the plant Rangoon creeper is used as analgesic and antiinflammatory [25-29]activity in various animal models and in vitro studies. Cytotoxic studies In a test for active anti-cancer compounds 25-o-acetyl and dihydrocucurbitacin F showed significant cytotoxicity activity in vitro. Anti-oxidant activity A fresh or dried flower extract gave high total polyphenols contents and showed moderate anti-oxidant activity in vitro studies. Anti-coccidial effect A seed extract showed moderate anti-coccidial effect against Emieratenella in chicken. Anti-inflammatory activity The flower showed significant acute and chronic anti-inflammatory models in wistar rats. The hydro alcoholic[30-32] extract of Combretumindicum showed potent anti-inflammatory assay in albino wistar rats. Anti-tumor activity Dried ripe fruit or seed extract from the plant showed cathartic and anti-tumor activity in vivo and in vitro conditions. Anti-helmintic activity The fruits, seeds, flowers and leaves crude extract of the plant Rangoon creeper has been showed excellent anti-helmintic activity potent against particularly[33-39] Ascarites and Soporific. Anti-parasitic activity The ethanolic extract of the plant has been showed potent against round worms, pin worms, tape worms, parasites, digestive disturbance harmonizes and tonifies the stomach and spleen nutritional impairment. Toxicity level if it is taken as over dosage Over dosage may cause side-effects such as nausea, vomiting and belching, allergic reactions with skin rashes with or without itching, painful swollen ankles, head ache, increase body temperature, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, sweating, [40-42]cold limbs leading to seizures drop in blood pressure. 3731

4 Figure no: 1. the image of Combretumindicum plant MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY Sample collection The root parts of the plant were collected from the Porur, Chennai 125 in the month of September The plant was taxonomically identified, authenticated by morphological characters. The root parts were manually separated from the plant and air-dry the sample in dry air hot oven continuously for 5 days at 55º-65º C. The air-dried sample was subjected to macerate to yield a powdered drug form.[15-19] The powder was weighted and stored in air tight container in a mild sunlight area to avoid moisture and free from contamination. Crude extraction Powdered root sample (100 g) of Combretumindicum was subject to ethanol solvent extraction. For 100g of drug powder 250 ml of 70% ethanol is added. After 5 to 7 days airdry incubation, all the solvent was evaporated and the yielded extract (1.5g) was subjected to weight and stored in an air-tight container marked with sample name, date of prepared, quantity and kept in a refrigerator for further usage. Preparation of crude plant extract for ¹H NMR The prepared powdered drug was subjected to dilute in Dimethyl Sulphoxide solvent for running the ¹H NMR technique. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ROOT CRUDE EXTRACT S.NO PHYTOCHEMICALS RESULTS 1. Alkaloids + 2. carbohydrates + 3. Glycosides + 4. Proteins

5 5. Tannins + 6. Flavonoids + 7. Polyphenols + 8. Fatty acids - 9. Saponins Quinones Cardiac glycosides Terpenoids Phenols Coumarins Phlobatannins Phytosteroids Anthraquinones - ¹H NMR spectra of root crude extract (DMSO solvent) 3733

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7 RESULT AND DISCUSSION From this study the plant root part contains various organic compounds; the ¹H NMR spectrum shows the presence of chemical compounds in it. The isolation, elucidation, structure prediction organic compounds present in the root part of plant is to find in future study. The in-vitro and in-vivo studies are also to be do in further.[20-45] REFERENCE 1. Nimal, R.J.G.R., Hussain, J.H., Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on EN24 steel,, V-116, I-17, PP , Parameswari, D., Khanaa, V., Deploying lamport clocks and linked lists, International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, V-8, I-3, PP , Parameswari, D., Khanaa, V., Case for massive multiplayer online role-playing games, International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, V-8, I-3, PP , Parameswari, D., Khanaa, V., Deconstructing model checking with hueddot, International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, V-8, I-3, PP , Parameswari, D., Khanaa, V., The effect of self-learning epistemologies on theory, International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, V-8, I-3, PP , Pavithra, J., Peter, M., GowthamAashirwad, K., A study on business process in IT and systems through extranet,, V- 116, I-19, PP , Pavithra, J., Ramamoorthy, R., Satyapira Das, S., A report on evaluating the effectiveness of working capital management in googolsoft technologies, Chennai,, V-116, I-14, PP , Pavithra, J., Thooyamani, K.P., A cram on consumer behaviour on Mahindra two wheelers in Chennai,, V-116, I-18, PP-55-57, Pavithra, J., Thooyamani, K.P., Dkhar, K., A study on the air freight customer satisfaction,, V-116, I-14, PP , Pavithra, J., Thooyamani, K.P., Dkhar, K., A study on the working capital management of TVS credit services limited, International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, V-116, I-14, PP , Pavithra, J., Thooyamani, K.P., Dkhar, K., A study on the analysis of financial performance with reference to Jeppiaar Cements Pvt Ltd, International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, V-116, I-14, PP , Peter, M., Dayakar, P., Gupta, C., A study on employee motivation at Banalari World Cars Pvt Ltd Shillong,, V-116, I-18, PP , Peter, M., Kausalya, R., A study on capital budgeting with reference to signware technologies,, V-116, I-18, PP-71-74,

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