Early Signs of Nutritional Deficiencies

Transcription

1 Early Signs of Nutritional Deficiencies

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3 Proceedings of the thirteenth Symposium of the Group of European Nutritionists, Sofia and Varna, May 28-31, 1974 Early Signs of Nutritional Deficiencies Editors J. C. SoMOGYI, Riischlikon-Zurich, and T, TASHEV. Sofia With 6' "&\Ires and S21abJcs, 1976 S. Karger ' Basel Miinchen. Paris -London - New York ' Sydney

4 Bibliotheca,Nutritio et Dieta', No. 23 Series published by the Institute for Nutrition Research of the Green Meadow Foundation, Volume 23 Editor: Prof. Dr. J. C. SOMOGYI Previously published No. 1-20: please ask for details No. 21. Entwicklungstendenzen in Ernahrung und Diatetik. Future Trends in Nutrition and Dietetics. Vortrage des Symposiums in ZUrich, Marz 1973, veranstaltet vom Institut fur Ernahrungsforschung der Stiftung,1m Griiene'. Herausgeber: P. Kopp (Riischlikon- ZUrich) und K. TRAUTNER (Wiirzburg). VIII p., 42 fig., 29 tab., ISBN No. 22. The Gut and Nutrition. Proceedings of the Twelfth Symposium of the Group of European Nutritionists, Cambridge Edited by J. C. SOMOGYI (Riischlikon-Ziirich) and I. MACDONALD (London). VIII p., 29 fig" 21 tab., ISBN Cataloging in Publication Early signs of nutritional deficiencies / editor, J. C. SOMOGYI, - Basel; New York: Karger, (Bibliotheca,nutritio et dieta', no. 23) Chapters in English or French, 1. Deficiency Diseases - diagnosis. I. SOMOGYI, JOHANN CARL, ed, II. Title. III. Series WI BI422 no. 23/WD 100 E12 ISBN All rights, including that of translation into other languages, reserved. Photomechanic reproduction (photocopy, microcopy) of this book or parts thereof without special permission of the publishers is prohibited. Copyright 1976 by S. Karger AG, Basel (Switzerland), Arnold-Bocklin-Strasse 25 Printed in Switzerland by Genossenschaftsdruckerei, Zurich ISBN

5 Contents Preface VII DEMAEYER, E.M. (Geneva): Early Signs of Protein-Calorie Malnutrition. 9 TRUSWELL, A. S. (London): Further Points about Early Signs of Protein-Calorie Malnutrition. Discussion Contribution BRATANOVA, N. N. and NIKOLOV, N. P. (Sofia): Malnutrition in Patients with Gastric Resection VERGROESEN, A. J. (Vlaardingen): Early Signs of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Deficiency MULLER, M.; GIRARD, V.; PRABUCKI, A. L., and SCHURCH, A. (Zurich): Linoleic Acid Deficiency in Young Animals POKROVSKY, A. (Moscow): Enzyme Adaptation to Protein Deficiency and Changes in Food Lipids Components BRUBACHER, G. (Basel): Early Signs of Deficiencies of Fat-Soluble Vitamins 51 BALABANSKI, L. and RANKOV, B. (Sofia): Early Signs of Vitamin A Deficiency in Bulgaria PACCALIN, J.; JENSEN, R. et TRAISSAC, F.J. (Bordeaux): Decoloration des cheveux, symptome precoce de malnutrition SOMOGYI, J. C. (Ruschlikon-Zurich): Early Signs of Thiamine Deficiency KODICEK, E. (Cambridge): Some Problems Connected with the Availability of Niacin in Cereals BuZINA, R. (Zagreb): Early Signs of Niacin Deficiency. Discussion Contribution 88 GONTZEA, I.; RUJINSKI, A. et SUTZESCO, P. (Bucarest): Rapide evaluation biochimique de l'etat de nutrition niacinique TASHEV, T. and MILEV, N. (Sofia): Metabolism of Vitamin B12 and Early Signs of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Man HEINRICH, H.C. (Hamburg): Iron Absorption and Iron Deficiency LOWENSTEIN, F. W. (Rockville, Md.): Early Signs of Nutritional Deficiency. Discussion Contribution EEG-LARSEN, N. and MYHRE, L. (Oslo): Early Signs of Calcium and Phosphorus Deficiency

6 VI Contents TARJAN, R. and MORAvA, E. (Budapest): Nutritional Importance of Some Trace Elements and Early Signs of Their Deficiency KRUSTEV, L. P. (Sofia): Cell Autophagy of the Liver in Starvation and Undernutrition 145 MILEV, N.; TODORov, G., and TAsHEv, T. (Sofia): Serum Gastrin Response on Balanced and Disbalanced Nutrition MARKOVA, M. and ANGEWVA, K. (Sofia): Dependence of the Circadian Rhythm of Body and Liver Protein, Lipid and Glycogen on the Hours of Protein Intake 163 KUZELA, L.; MASEK, J.; ZALABAK, V., and KEJMAR, J. (Prague) : Some Aspects of the Biomass of Torula in Human Nutrition. A New Protein Source. Discussion Contribution

7 Preface The 13th Symposium of the Group of European Nutritionists, which took place in Sofia and Varna, dealt with the early signs of nutritional deficiencies. This book contains the lectures presented at this conference. No doubt, the topic is of great importance from the point of view of nutritional sciences as well as of public health. This can be demonstrated by an example. Diseases due to vitamin deficiencies - avitaminoses, as one could observe maybe years ago in Europe or as they still exist in developing countries - occur nowadays only seldom in this part of the world. In contrast to this, slight deficiencies with subclinical symptoms of some vitamins or other nutrients can still be observed in certain groups of the population, e.g. students, elderly people, alcoholics, etc. Since they show no or only slight symptoms, their diagnosis was for a long time rather difficult. In the last two decades new, partly rather sophisticated methods, e.g. biochemical ones, were developed which enable us to detect this kind of deficiencies. We now possess such methods for certain vitamins, for instance for thiamine the determination of the transketolase activity, more precisely of the TPP effect, or for minor riboflavine deficiencies the assay of the glutathione reductase activity. But also for other nutritional deficiencies, e.g. for the assessment of protein-calorie malnutrition or mineral and trace element deficiencies, new methods were developed. The most recent findings in this field are very well summarized in the contributions presented in this volume. They give an excellent insight into the various problems of this important subject. A special debt of gratitude is, therefore, due to the authors and all those who have contributed to the publication of this book. Finally, I would like to thank Prof. T. TASHEV, co-editor of this volume, for the marvellous organization of the Symposium. Riischlikon-Ziirich, May 1976 Prof. Dr. J. C. SOMOGYI

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