Sex Ratio in India OTBA FOR CLASS VI MATHS (SA2) 1.

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1 OTBA FOR CLASS VI MATHS (SA2) 1. Sex Ratio in India Abstract Sex ratio is used to describe the number of females per 1000 of males. Sex ratio is a valuable source for finding the population of women in India and what is the ratio of women to that of men in India. In the Population Census of 2011 it was revealed that the population ratio in India 2011 is 940 females per 1000 of males. The Sex Ratio 2011 shows an upward trend from the census 2001 data. Census 2001 revealed that there were 933 females to that of 1000 males. Since decades India has seen a decrease in the sex ratio 2011, but since the last two of the decades there has been in slight increase in the sex ratio. Since the last five decades the sex ratio has been moving around 930 of females to that of 1000 of males. The major cause of the decrease of the female birth ratio in India is considered to be the violent treatments meted out to the girl child at the time of the birth. The Sex Ratio in India was almost normal during the phase of the years of independence, but thereafter it started showing gradual signs of decrease. Though the Sex Ratio in India has gone through commendable signs of improvement in the past 10 years, there are still some states where the sex ratio is still low and is a cause of concern for the NGO

2 organizations. One of the states which is showing a decreasing trend in the population of women 2011 and is a cause of concern is Haryana. The state of Haryana has the lowest rate of sex ratio in India and the figure shows a number of 877 of females to that of 1000 of males. 3 There are also states such as Puducherry and Kerala where the number of women is more than the number of men. Kerala houses a number of 1084 females to that of 1000 males. While Puducherry and Kerala are the only two states where the number of female is more than the number of men, there are also states in India like that of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra where the sex ratio 2011 is showing considerable signs of improvement. Some facts related to the Sex Ratio in India follows, the main cause of the decline of the sex ration in India is due to the biased attitude which is meted out to the women. The main cause of this gender bias is inadequate education. Pondicherry and Kerala houses the maximum number of female while the regions of Daman and Diu and Haryana have the lowest density of female population.

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4 CHILD SEX RATIO 0-6 YEARS BETWEEN 1981 TO 2011:- These figures are seriously startling and establish this issue as a major cause of worry. India s figures lie far below what they should be, naturally. India s sex ratio is lower than the world average of 990 females per 1000 males, and it ranks third in lowest secondary sex ratios in the world and fourteenth in lowest primary sex ratios.

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6 2. IMPORTANCE OF HEALTHY DIET Abstract A substance which is essential for maintaining life and for growth is called a nutrients. Our food has five major nutrients: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and Minerals. In addition to these nutrients, water and roughage (dietary fibre) are also important parts of our food. Water and roughage do not have any food values, so they are not considered to be nutrients. Thus, when we talk of components of food, we mean five nutrients plus water and roughage. COMPONENT OF FOOD Our food has seven components. These are: 1. Carbohydrates 2. Fats 3. Proteins 4. Vitamins 5. Minerals 6. Water 7. Roughage (or dietary fibre) A class teacher has assigned a group activity for knowing about the nutrients. She divided students into two groups. Responsibilities were assigned as per the following chart- Team Team leader Responsibility 1 Ritika To collect the data of nutrition needs for children ages 9 to 13.

7 2 Aditya To represent the data in bar graph Work of team One Nutrition Needs for Children Balanced Nutrition for Children: The nutrition shown below is essential for the healthy growth of a child, include:

8 Carbohydrates. Children require the right amounts of carbs for energy. Therefore, their daily intake of carbohydrates can be derived from wholegrain foods, such as, pasta, bread and cereals. Proteins. Meat, eggs and fish and dairy products are high in protein, and, therefore, ideal and necessary for your child's diet. Protein is essential for muscle building and repair and growth and building antibodies. Calcium. Calcium is essential for strong bones. Dairy products like cheese or yogurt, vegetables like collard greens, cauliflower, spinach, broccoli and celery are rich in calcium. Vitamins. A child needs vitamins for the body to function properly. They help boost the immune system, support growth and development and help cells and organs function properly. Vitamin A is essential for vision and a deficiency can lead to blindness. Vitamin C, a definite immune system booster, helps with brain function and prevents problems that occur with free radicals. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption. Other Nutrition. Apart from carbohydrates, protein, calcium and vitamins, your child requires the proper amounts of iron, Omega-3 and 6 fatty acids, and amino acids to ensure good health. Many children have poor eating habits, which can lead to various long-term health complications, such as obesity, heart disease, type 1 diabetes and osteoporosis. Ensuring that your child learns the importance of eating a balanced diet, means ensuring he or she is free of these diseases.